Zobrazení zdroje stránky Zimmermannmarsh9094

The methodology is demonstrated on example field tests in unconfined and leaky aquifers. © 2020, National Ground Water Association.The sessile lifestyle of plants requires accurate physiology adjustments to be able to thrive in a changing environment. Plants integrate environmental timing signals to control developmental and stress responses. Here, we identified Far1 Related Sequence (FRS) 7 and FRS12, two transcriptional repressors that accumulate in short-day conditions, as regulators of Arabidopsis glucosinolate (GSL) biosynthesis. Loss of function of FRS7 and FRS12 results in plants with increased amplitudes of diurnal expression of GSL pathway genes. Protein interaction analyses revealed that FRS7 and FRS12 recruit the NOVEL INTERACTOR OF JAZ (NINJA) to assemble a transcriptional repressor complex. Genetic and molecular evidence demonstrated that FRS7, FRS12 and NINJA jointly regulate the expression of GSL biosynthetic genes, and thus constitute a molecular mechanism that modulates specialized metabolite accumulation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Pacific salmon influence temperate terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through the dispersal of marine-derived nutrients and ecosystem engineering of stream beds when spawning. They also support large fisheries, particularly along the west coast of North America. We provide a comprehensive synthesis of relationships between the densities of Pacific salmon and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, summarize the direction, shape, and magnitude of these relationships, and identify possible ecosystem-based management indicators and benchmarks. We found 31 studies that provided 172 relationships between salmon density (or salmon abundance) and species abundance, species diversity, food provisioning, individual growth, concentration of marine-derived isotopes, nutrient enhancement, phenology, and several other ecological responses. The most common published relationship was between salmon density and marine-derived isotopes (40%), while very few relationships quantified ecosystem-level responses (5%). Only 13% of aeral of these relationships, such as bear food consumption, could be used to develop indicators and benchmarks for ecosystem-based fisheries management. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.KEY POINTS A moderate level of exercise has beneficial effects on the prevention of gastric ulcer. Although regular aerobic exercise was shown to elevate serum oxytocin levels and exogenously administered oxytocin exerts an antiulcer activity, the role of endogenous oxytocin in the gastroprotective effects of exercise was not elucidated yet. We showed that increased anxiety and oxidative gastric damage induced by gastric ulcer were reversed in pre-exercised rats, while reduced hypothalamic oxytocin expression and decreased myenteric oxytocin receptor expression due to gastric ulcer were abolished by exercise. We also reported that blockade of oxytocin receptors exaggerated gastric damage in exercised rats with ulcer. Our data establish that endogenous oxytocin is the key mediator in the beneficial effects of regular physical activity in alleviating gastric injury. ABSTRACT Exercise increases serum oxytocin levels and exogenous oxytocin exerts an antiulcer activity; but the role of oxytocin in the protective een ulcer was induced in pre-exercised rats, behavioural and biochemical alterations due to gastric damage were reversed. Inhibition of oxytocin receptors by atosiban exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions and gastric lipid peroxidation in the stomachs of exercised rats with ulcer. When rats have regularly exercised prior to ulcer induction, reductions in the immunolabeling of hypothalamic oxytocin and myenteric oxytocin receptors were abolished, suggesting that exercise-induced alleviation of gastric injury may involve the reversal of down-regulated oxytocinergic activity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The neuropeptide substance P (SP) triggers a variety of tumor-promoting signaling pathways through the activation of neurokinin-1receptor (NK1R), a class of neurokinin G protein-coupled receptors superfamily. Recent researches in our and other laboratories have shown the overexpression of both SP and NK1R in breast cancer (BC) patients. SP/NK1R signaling is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of BC through affecting cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, angiogenesis, and resistance. Therefore, SP/NK1R signaling responses must be rigorously regulated; otherwise, they would contribute to a more aggressive BC phenotype. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) as a specific class of epigenetic regulators have been shown to regulate NK1R and thus, controlling SP/NK1R signaling responses in BC. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of SP/NK1R signaling and its therapeutic potentials in BC. We also provide an overview regarding the effects of miRNA-mediated NK1R regulatory mechanisms in controlling BC tumorigenesis to gain a clearer view and thus better management of cancer. © 2020 John Wiley &amp; Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.Primrose syndrome (PS; MIM# 259050) is characterized by intellectual disability (ID), macrocephaly, unusual facial features (frontal bossing, deeply set eyes, down-slanting palpebral fissures), calcified external ears, sparse body hair and distal muscle wasting. The syndrome is caused by de novo heterozygous missense variants in ZBTB20. Most of the 29 published patients are adults as characteristics appear more recognizable with age. We present 13 hitherto unpublished individuals and summarize the clinical and molecular findings in all 42 patients. Several signs and symptoms of PS develop during childhood, but the cardinal features, such as calcification of the external ears, cystic bone lesions, muscle wasting, and contractures typically develop between 10 and 16 years of age. Biochemically, anemia and increased alpha-fetoprotein levels are often present. Two adult males with PS developed a testicular tumor. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tiplaxtinin-pai-039.html Tiplaxtinin manufacturer] Although PS should be regarded as a progressive entity, there are no indications that cognition becomes more impaired with age.