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DF-1α using this strategy. Our findings aim to further elucidate the role of MSCs in directing wound healing and guide the development of immunomodulatory and therapeutic delivery strategies for clinical wound healing applications. Aseptic loosening of total joint replacements is driven by a macrophage-mediated inflammatory reaction to implant-derived wear particles. Phagocytosis of implant debris has been suggested to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome leading to secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β. However, factors and molecular mechanisms driving the particle-induced inflammasome activation are yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the inflammasome response of human primary macrophages to titanium, chromium, and molybdenum particles in vitro. We observed that particles alone were not sufficient to induce IL-1β secretion, but an additional priming signal-such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-was required to license the inflammasome activation. By using specific inhibitors against the inflammasome signaling pathway, we demonstrate that the particle-induced IL-1β secretion depended upon activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. We further hypothesized that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) could substitute for LPS as a primings context, demonstrating that the particle-related IL-1β secretion can take place in a truly sterile environment. Thus, inhibition of inflammasome signaling appears a means to prevent wear particle-induced inflammation and development of peri‑prosthetic osteolysis. Porous polyethylene (pPE) is a commonly used biomaterial in craniofacial reconstructive surgery. However, implant failure due to insufficient vascularization represents a major issue. To overcome this problem, we herein introduce an effective strategy to improve the vascularization and incorporation of pPE. Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (MVF) from transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP)+ mice were suspended in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the coating of pPE. PRP/MVF-coated pPE as well as PRP-coated and uncoated controls were subsequently implanted into the dorsal skinfold chamber and the flanks of GFP- wild-type mice to analyze their in vivo performance throughout 2, 4 and 8 weeks by means of intravital fluorescence microscopy, histology and immunohistochemistry. The GFP+/GFP- cross-over design allowed the identification of GFP+ MVF within the implants. Shortly after implantation, they rapidly reassembled into new blood-perfused microvascular networks, resulting in a significantly accele tissue incorporation of porous polyethylene. Because this type of biological coating is easily applicable on any type of biomaterial, our approach may rapidly be translated into clinical practice to improve the outcome of various regenerative approaches. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a DNA virus associated with the development of cervical, penile, anal, vulvar, and oral cancers. In recent years, there has been an increase in oral cancer, which could be due to changes in sexual behavior in the general population. In México, there is scarce information on this regard, which prompted us to study HPV infection prevalence in the oral cavity of an indigenous community from the municipality of Siltepec, Chiapas, Mexico. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sovilnesib.html Selleck Sovilnesib] Oral samples from 198 individuals were obtained with cytobrush for virus detection by nested PCR, using MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ primers, and positive samples were sequenced for HPV genotyping. In this study, 12.1% HPV infection prevalence was observed, which was shown to depend on gender, number of sexual partners, lack of using condoms, and oral sex practices. In contrast, no significant association between HPV infection and tobacco or alcohol consumption was observed. Furthermore, sequencing analyzes were performed where HPV-13 (21/24), -16 (2/24), -32 (1/24), -81 (1/24), and -83 (1/24) were observed and HPV-16 European/Asian and Asian/American E6 variants identified. These results evidenced an important prevalence of HPV infection in the oral cavity of a Mexican indigenous community, where the predominant genotypes were associated with benign pathologies, and demonstrated that high-risk genotype variants derived from different lineages. V.BACKGROUND Laparoscopy is the gold standard for many surgical procedures and is embraced as minimally invasive surgery in the enhanced recovery after surgery programme. Lowering intra-abdominal pressure during laparoscopy may decrease the degree of surgical injury and further enhance patient outcomes. This study aims to assess the effect of low pressure pneumoperitoneum on peritoneal perfusion during laparoscopic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a prospective randomized intervention study in 30 adults undergoing colorectal robot assisted laparoscopic surgery at a secondary care medical center in the Netherlands between June and December 2018. A 3&nbsp;min video recording of the parietal peritoneum was made with the Da Vinci® Firefly mode following intravenous injection of 0.2&nbsp;mg/kg indocyanine green at a pneumoperitoneum pressure of 8, 12 or 16&nbsp;mmHg. Observers were blinded for the level of intra-abdominal pressure that was used. Fluorescent intensity in [-] over time was extracted from each video in MATLAB. Time to reach maximal fluorescent intensity (TMFI) and maximum fluorescent intensity (MFI) were compared among groups. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03928171). RESULTS Mean TMFI was shorter at low pressure (8&nbsp;mmHg) than standard pressure (12 and 16&nbsp;mmHg) 44&nbsp;±&nbsp;12 versus 58&nbsp;±&nbsp;18&nbsp;s (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.032), respectively. Mean MFI was higher at 8&nbsp;mmHg than 12 and 16&nbsp;mmHg (222&nbsp;±&nbsp;25 versus 188&nbsp;±&nbsp;54, p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.033). Regression analysis identified intra-abdominal pressure, mean arterial pressure and female gender as significant predictors of peritoneal perfusion. CONCLUSION Low pressure pneumoperitoneum was associated with improved perfusion of the parietal peritoneum. Current available evidence supported feasibility and enhanced postoperative recovery. Future investigations should focus on optimizing factors that facilitate lower intra-abdominal pressure and explore effects on other clinically relevant patient outcomes such as anastomotic leakage and immune homeostasis.