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SEM examination showed no topographical differences between instruments in different temperature groups. In relation to a limitation of this study, there was no difference in torsional resistance of NiTi rotary instruments between the BT and RT conditions. This implies that clinicians do not need to consider a decrease of torsional resistance of heat-treated NiTi instruments at BT.In this work, we present the effect of silica's specific surface area (180 m2·g-1 and 380 m2·g-1, respectively) on the crosslinking of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites, as well as their crosslink density and functional properties, such as thermal stability, damping behavior, resistance to thermo-oxidative aging, and tensile properties. Ionic liquids (ILs) with a bromide anion and different cations, i.e., 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (Bmi), 1-butyl-3-methylpyrrolidinium (Bmpyr), and 1-butyl-3-methylpiperidinium (Bmpip), were used to enhance the cure characteristics of SBR compounds and the functional properties of SBR vulcanizates. It was proven that apart from the silica's specific surface area, the filler-polymer and filler-filler physical interactions have a significant impact on the vulcanization kinetics of silica-filled SBR composites. Additionally, the performed studies have shown that ILs positively affected the dispersion of silica's particles and reduced their ability to form agglomerates in the elastomer matrix, which enhanced the functional properties of the SBR vulcanizates.Sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC) has been of particular concern in high strength low alloyed (HSLA) steels used in the oil industry, and the non-metallic inclusions are usually considered as a detrimental factor to the SSCC resistance. In the present work, continuous casting (CC) and electroslag remelting (ESR) were adopted to fabricate a 125 ksi grade steel in order to evaluate the effect of microstructure with and without primary NbC carbides (inclusions) on the SSCC resistance in the steel. It was found that ESR could remove the primary NbC carbides, and hence, slightly increase the strength without deteriorating the SSCC resistance. The elimination of primary NbC carbides caused two opposite effects on the SSCC resistance in the studied steel. On the one hand, the elimination of primary NbC carbides increased the dislocation density and the proportion of high angle boundaries (HABs), which was not good to the SSCC resistance. On the other hand, the elimination of primary NbC carbides also induced more uniform nanosized secondary NbC carbides formed during tempering, providing many irreversible hydrogen traps. These two opposite effects on SSCC resistance due to the elimination of primary NbC carbides were assumed to be offset, and thus, the SSCC resistance was not greatly improved using ESR.Multifilamentary microcomposite copper-niobium (Cu-Nb) wires were fabricated by a series of accumulative drawing and bonding steps (ADB). The texture of the Cu matrix in these wires was studied using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dynamic recrystallization during cold drawing caused a weakening of the texture was observed in the nano-scale Cu matrix due to the suppression of dynamic recrystallization. The grain size was reduced by the higher level of dynamic recrystallization at high strains. The relation between the nanoindentation behavior of the different Cu matrix and the grain sizes, Cu-Nb interface, and texture was established.In thirteen different dental clinics in Singapore, Spain, Czech Republic and Italy, 504 patients were selected, and 483 dental implants were placed in maxillary sites after alveolar socket preservation (ASP) procedures with an autologous demineralized tooth extracted as graft material from an innovative Tooth Transformer device was obtained. All procedures used were reported in n°638 Ethical Committee surgical protocol of University of Chieti and approved. After 4 months, at dental implant placing, bone biopsies were performed to evaluate the histologic outcomes, and 12 months after implant loading, global implant survival rate, failure percentage and peri-implant bone loss were detected. After ASP, only 27 post-operative complications were observed and after 4 months, bone biopsy histomorphometric analysis showed a high percentage of bone volume (BV) 43.58 (±12.09), and vital new bone (NB) 32.38 (±17.15) with an absence of inflammation or necrosis areas. Twelve months after loading, only 10 dental implants failed (2.3%), with a 98.2% overall implant survival rate, nine cases showed mucositis (1.8%) and eight showed peri-implantitis (1.6%). At mesial sites, 0.43 mm (±0.83) of bone loss around the implants was detected and 0.23 mm (±0.38) at the distal sites with an average value of 0.37 mm (±0.68) (p &gt; 0.568). Several studies with a longer follow-up will be necessary to confirm the preliminary data observed. However, clinical results seem to suggest that the post-extraction socket preservation procedure using innovative demineralized autologous tooth-derived biomaterial may be a predictable procedure to produce new vital bone able to support dental implant rehabilitation of maxilla edentulous sites.This paper presents the assumptions of a thermodynamic equation of state for polymers according to the Renner model. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/g6pdi-1.html selleck] The experiments involved extruding a biocomposite based on poly(butylene succinate) that was filled with ground wheat bran with its size not exceeding 200 μm. The biocomposite was produced in pellet form with three different contents by weight of wheat bran, i.e., 10%, 30% and 50%. All specimens were examined for their thermodynamic p-v-T characteristics. Taking advantage of the SimFit module of Cadmould 3D-F, experimental results were used to determine the coefficients of thermodynamic equation of state for the tested biocomposite according to the Renner model. The coefficients were then used to calculate transition temperature and to create diagrams illustrating the relationship between pressure, temperature and specific volume for the tested biocomposite. The obtained results can serve as a basis for assessing the suitability of the biocomposite for injection molding, selecting technological parameters of this process, as well as for analyzing shrinkage and defects of injection-molded parts.Compared to the bottom ash obtained by a water-cooling system (wBA), dry process bottom ash (dBA) makes hardly any unburnt carbon because of its stay time at the bottom of the boiler and contains less chloride because there is no contact with seawater. Accordingly, to identify the chemical stability of dBA as a lightweight aggregate for construction purposes, the chemical properties of dBA were evaluated through the following process of the reviewing engineering properties of a lightweight aggregate (LWA). Typically, river gravel and crushed gravel have been used as coarse aggregates due to their physical and chemical stability. The coal ash and LWA, however, have a variety of chemical compositions, and they have specific chemical properties including SO3, unburnt coal and heavy metal content. As the minimum requirement to use the coal ash and lightweight aggregate with various chemical properties for concrete aggregate, the loss on ignition, the SO3 content and the amount of chloride should be examined, and it is also necessary to examine heavy metal leaching even though it is not included in the standard specifications in Korea. Based on the results, it is believed that there are no significant physical and chemical problems using dBA as a lightweight aggregate for concrete.The role of a layered structure in superconducting pinning properties is still at a debate. The effects of the vortex shape, which can assume for example a staircase form, could influence the interplay with extrinsic pinning coming from the specific defects of the material, thus inducing an effective magnetic field dependence. To enlighten this role, we analysed the angular dependence of flux pinning energy U(H,θ) as a function of magnetic field in FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin film by considering the field components along the ab-plane of the crystal structure and the c-axis direction. U(H,θ) has been evaluated from magneto-resistivity measurements acquired at different orientations between the applied field up to 16 T and FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films grown on a CaF2 substrate. We observed that the U(H,θ) shows an anisotropic trend as a function of both the intensity and the direction of the applied field. Such a behaviour can be correlated to the presence of extended defects elongated in the ab-planes, thus mimicking a layered superconductor, as we observed in the microstructure of the compound. The comparison of FeSe0.5Te0.5 with other superconducting materials provides a more general understanding on the flux pinning energy in layered superconductors.This paper carried out the friction plug repair welding of 6082 aluminum alloy keyhole defects by using the method of friction heating between shaft shoulder and base material. In addition, a well-formed friction plug welding joint was obtained at different plug rotation speeds. In order to study the influence mechanism of plug rotation speeds on the microstructure of the weld nugget zone, EBSD technology was used to analyze the grain morphology, grain size and grain boundary characteristics of the weld nugget zone under different rotation speeds of the plug rod. The results show that in the nugget zone, the grain was fine and equated crystals refinement, and there was a preferred orientation. The deformation texture components in the welded nugget zone increased with the plug rotation speed from 1600 to 2000 rpm. However, the grain size first decreased and then increased, while the components in the High-Angle Boundary first increased and then decreased.The microstructural and wear properties of laser-cladding WC/Ni-based layer on Al-Si alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and wear-testing. The results show that, compared with the original specimen, the microhardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer on an Al-Si alloy were remarkably improved, wherein the microhardness of the layer achieved 1100 HV and the average friction coefficient of the layer was barely 0.14. The mainly contributor to such significant improvement was the generation of a WC/Ni-composite layer of Al-Si alloy during laser cladding. Two types of carbides, identified as M7C3 and M23C6, were found in the layer. The wear rate of the layer first increased and then decreased with the increase in load; when the load was 20 N, 60 N and 80 N, the wear rate of layer was1.89 × 10-3 mm3·m-1, 3.73 × 10-3 mm3·m-1 and 2.63 × 10-3 mm3·m-1, respectively, and the average friction coefficient (0.14) was the smallest when the load was 60 N.Activated zero-valent iron (Ac-ZVI) coupled with Fe3+ was employed to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) for acid orange 7 (AO7) removal. Fe3+ was used to promote Fe2+ liberation from Ac-ZVI as an active species for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The factors affecting AO7 degradation, namely, the Ac-ZVIFe3+ ratio, PMS/PDS dosage, and pH, were compared. In both PMS and PDS systems, the AO7 degradation rate increased gradually with increasing Fe3+ concentration at fixed Ac-ZVI loading due to the Fe3+-promoted liberation of Fe2+ from Ac-ZVI. The AO7 degradation rate increased with increasing PMS/PDS dosage due to the greater amount of ROS generated. The degradation rate in the PDS system decreased while the degradation rate in the PMS system increased with increasing pH due to the difference in the PDS and PMS activation mechanisms. On the basis of the radical scavenging study, sulfate radical was identified as the dominant ROS in both systems. The physicochemical properties of pristine and used Ac-ZVI were characterized, indicating that the used Ac-ZVI had an increased BET specific surface area due to the formation of Fe2O3 nanoparticles during PMS/PDS activation.