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Interference thus indexes self-other processing, where high levels of interference suggest an increased susceptibility to the actions of others. Our results show that individuals from low-SES backgrounds exhibit more interference than individuals from high-SES backgrounds. Regression analyses revealed a negative relationship between SES and the degree of interference. Overall, our findings suggest that differences in SES are linked to differences in self-other processing, which could be relevant for broader behavioural tendencies exhibited by individuals at varying levels of a social structure.B cells mediate humoral immune response and contribute to the regulation of cellular immune response. Members of the Nuclear Factor kappaB (NF-κB) family of transcription factors play a major role in regulating B-cell functions. NF-κB subunit c-Rel is predominantly expressed in lymphocytes, and in B cells, it is required for survival, proliferation, and antibody production. Dysregulation of c-Rel expression and activation alters B-cell homeostasis and is associated with B-cell lymphomas and autoimmune pathologies. Based on its essential roles, c-Rel may serve as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target. #link# This review summarizes the current understanding of the multifaceted role of c-Rel in B cells and B-cell diseases.Metallomics is a rapidly evolving field of bio-metal research that integrates techniques and perspectives from other "-omics" sciences (e.g. genomics, proteomics) and from research vocations further afield. Perhaps the most esoteric of this latter category has been the recent coupling of biomedicine with element and isotope geochemistry, commonly referred to as isotope metallomics. Over the course of less than two decades, isotope metallomics has produced numerous benchmark studies highlighting the use of stable metal isotope distribution in developing disease diagnostics-e.g. cancer, neurodegeneration, osteoporosis-as well as their utility in deciphering the underlying mechanisms of such diseases. These pioneering works indicate an enormous wealth of potential and provide a call to action for researchers to combine and leverage expertise and resources to create a clear and meaningful path forward. Doing so with efficacy and impact will require not only building on existing research, but also broadening collaborative networks, bolstering and deepening cross-disciplinary channels, and establishing unified and realizable objectives. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the field and its underpinnings, provide a directory of the state of the art, outline the most encouraging paths forward, including their limitations, outlook and speculative upcoming breakthroughs, and finally to offer a vision of how to cultivate isotope metallomics for an impactful future.OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN This study aimed to investigate the anti-pulmonary inflammation effect of emodin on Wistar rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and RAW264.7 cells through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway. SUBJECTS Wistar rats and RAW264.7 cells were studied. TREATMENT LPS was used to induce inflammation in rats or RAW264.7 cells and emodin was given once a day before LPS stimulation and continued for a certain number of days. METHODS Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for the in vivo experiment, while cells and supernatant were collected for the in vitro experiment. Pathological changes in the lung tissues were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and VEGF proteins were measured by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA levels of p70S6K, eIF4E-BP1, and eIF4E were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Emodin ameliorated pathological changes and infiltrated inflammatory cells in LPS-induced ALI. It also significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, in BALF and downregulated the expression of p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and VEGF proteins in the lung tissues. Similar anti-inflammatory effects and the downregulation of the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway were found in RAW264.7 cells. The mRNA levels of p70S6K, eIF4E-BP1, and eIF4E also decreased in the macrophages. CONCLUSION Emodin alleviated LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation in rat lung tissues and RAW264.7 cells through inhibiting the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway, which accounted for the therapeutic effects of emodin on ALI.BACKGROUND Writing competency is imperative for Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)-prepared advanced practice nurses (APNs), who serve as clinical leaders and educators of the nursing workforce. METHOD As part of a writing quality improvement project, a Writing Tutor Round Table program was developed. Interdisciplinary tutors from the campus writing center worked with groups of three to four DNP students to enhance the quality of their written assignments. At an open table in a quiet room, tutors critiqued the writing of one student while the other students listened. Financial records were used to determine the direct cost of the intervention, and participant survey data provided evidence for acceptability. RESULTS This intervention was a cost effective and highly acceptable experience for both tutors and students. CONCLUSION A Writing Tutor Round Table intervention is an acceptable, low-cost, low-faculty burden intervention for improving the quality of writing among APNs. [ [https://www.selleckchem.com/ selleck kinase inhibitor] (3)173-175.]. Copyright 2020, SLACK Incorporated.BACKGROUND Many graduates of health science programs lack the skills and confidence to incorporate multiple providers' perspectives when designing coordinated care outcomes. METHOD This longitudinal cross-sectional study used the Interprofessional Attitude Scale (IPAS) to study prelicensure nursing students' perceptions of interprofessional (IP) work. Between 2015 and 2018, IPAS scores and anecdotal data were collected for four consecutive semesters. RESULTS Data suggest students' (n = 162) attitudes changed significantly toward teamwork, community centeredness, and biases with medium to large effect sizes (r = .33 to .51). Anecdotal findings echoed these shifts in student attitudes. CONCLUSION There is no one ideal approach to build IP practice into curricula that is content saturated. With the shared commitment of IP faculty and the use of creative educational approaches, weaving IP processes into population health curricula encourages students to engage in IP work and develop the skills and confidence needed for IP practice.