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18, respectively, in air and 0.52 and 0.16, respectively, in water.<br /><br /> The repeating-edge oversampling method combined with ESF pre-processing improved the accuracy of the MTF under clinically relevant conditions with a phantom.<br /><br />The repeating-edge oversampling method combined with ESF pre-processing improved the accuracy of the MTF under clinically relevant conditions with a phantom.<br /><br /> Implant component fractures are one of the most serious complications in implant treatment. With a better understanding of the risk factors for fracture in the preoperative, surgery, superstructure, and post-loading phases of implant treatment, low-risk treatment could reduce implant component fractures, leading to a better prognosis. The aim of this study was to clarify the risk factors for abutment and implant fractures that occur after loading, and to perform a retrospective, approximately 10-year follow-up study to explore the risk factors in each treatment phase.<br /><br /> Subjects were fitted with an implant prosthesis between January 2008 and December 2009. In total, 1,126 Ankylos implants in 430 patients were included for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to extract factors related to non-fracture and fracture of the abutment or implant as a dependent variable.<br /><br /> Gender (OR = 3.466, 95% CI 1.296-9.268, P = 0.013), gonial angle (OR = 3.420, 95% CI 1.308-8.945, P = 0.012), and splinting status of the superstructure (OR = 4.456, 95% CI 1.861-10.669, P = 0.001) were identified as significant risk factors.<br /><br /> The risk of fracture is increased in males, especially those with a mandibular angle of less than 120° on panoramic radiographs, and those with a non-splinted superstructure.<br /><br />The risk of fracture is increased in males, especially those with a mandibular angle of less than 120° on panoramic radiographs, and those with a non-splinted superstructure.<br /><br /> Circadian rhythm is associated with the pathogenesis of systemic disease and bone mineral metabolism. This study aimed to radiographically evaluate morphological characteristics of the interalveolar septum in circadian rhythm deficient animals.<br /><br /> Heads of 10 brain and muscle arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1)-knockout (KO) mice and 10 wild-type mice sacrificed at 36 weeks were imaged using micro-computed tomography. The mean depth from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar ridge (virtual bone sounding VBS) of the interalveolar septum between the first and second molars, and the bone mineral density (BMD) of the interalveolar septum and the mandibular inferior cortex region were calculated. Tooth diameter was also measured.<br /><br /> The VBS of the interalveolar septum in the BMAL1-KO mice was significantly deeper than that in wild-type mice. The BMD in the BMAL1-KO mice was significantly lower than in the wild-type mice in both regions. No significant difference was observed in tooth diameter between BMAL1-KO and wild-type mice.<br /><br /> These results suggest that low BMD in the interalveolar septum accelerates bone resorption in the interalveolar septum in BMAL1-KO mice.<br /><br />These results suggest that low BMD in the interalveolar septum accelerates bone resorption in the interalveolar septum in BMAL1-KO mice.The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of nicotine on the activity of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in soft drinks. Regular soft drinks contain large proportions of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which increases the activity of S. mutans resulting in high-caries risk compared with sugar-free soft drinks. Nicotine use exhibits a strong correlation with increased S. mutans biofilm formation. The soft drinks chosen were (Coca-Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Coca-Cola Zero Sugar, Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Caffeine-Free Diet Coke, Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola Zero Sugar). S. mutans was grown overnight in tryptic soy broth; nicotine was diluted in tryptic soy broth supplemented with 1.0% sucrose followed by soft drinks in dilution of 13. Total growth absorbance and biofilm growth were determined by spectrophotometry, absorbance measured to determine biofilm formation, and metabolic activity quantified. One-way ANOVA showed a considerable effect for HFCS and caffeine in the presence of nicotine and their interaction in all measures. Results showed sugar-free caffeinated colas demonstrated significant effect in inhibiting S. mutans biofilm formation and metabolic activity with nicotine. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/a-485.html read more] Nicotine-induced S. mutans increased biofilm formation and metabolic activity in the presence of HFCS and caffeine in soft drinks. In conclusion, smokers should consider sugar-free caffeinated versions to minimize the chance of developing dental caries dut to the reduction of biofilm formation.In Japan, pneumococcal vaccine has been routinely administered since 2010 to prevent invasive pneumococcal diseases such as Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis. We describe a case of pneumococcal meningitis in a 7-month-old girl who had received three doses of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed infarcts in the right frontal region, and she was treated with antibiotics, intravenous immunoglobulin, dexamethasone, and edaravone. On day 27, an enhanced brain CT scan showed improvement of abnormal findings in the frontal region, except for slight atrophy. The S. pneumoniae serotype was 12F, which is not included in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. A future vaccine is expected to use cross-reactivity to target common antigens.<br /><br /> Some cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes continue spontaneous beating even in serum-free medium. The present study explored the cause and genes responsible for this phenomenon.<br /><br /> Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software was used to analyze fold changes in gene expression in beating neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, as compared with non-beating cardiomyocytes, which were obtained from DNA microarray data of total RNA extracts of cardiomyocytes. To confirm the involvement of the 8 genes selected by IPA prediction, cellular protein abundances were determined by Western blot. The gene expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was substantially higher in beating cardiomyocytes than in non-beating cardiomyocytes; thus, CTGF protein content released from cardiomyocytes into the culture medium was examined.<br /><br /> IPA showed that the "Apelin Cardiac Fibroblast Signaling Pathway" was significantly inhibited and that microtubule dynamics and cytoskeleton organization were significantly activated. Each fluctuation in the cellular abundances of the 8 proteins in beating cardiomyocytes, as compared with non-beating cardiomyocytes, was primarily in the same direction as that of gene expression.