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This provides a basis for the effective application of a THz antenna and lays a foundation for improving the detection sensitivity of samples.Near-field radio holography is a common method for measuring and aligning mirror surfaces for millimeter and sub-millimeter telescopes. In instruments with more than a single mirror, degeneracies arise in the holography measurement, requiring multiple measurements and new fitting methods. We present HoloSim-ML, a Python code for beam simulation and analysis of radio holography data from complex optical systems. This code uses machine learning to efficiently determine the position of hundreds of mirror adjusters on multiple mirrors with few micrometer accuracy. We apply this approach to the example of the Simons Observatory 6 m telescope.In our previous paper [Appl. Opt.59, 4466 (2020)10.1364/AO.389600], we presented a fundamental-ray aberration analysis that extends ray matrix analysis to the third-order aberration region. The analysis results shown in that paper were applicable to coaxial rotationally symmetric optical systems. This time, we have extended the fundamental-ray aberration analysis so that it can be applied to off-axial optical systems. Here we present new analysis formulae for fundamental-ray aberration analysis of the first-order aberration region. In addition, we newly present first-order aberration expansion formulae for four-element fundamental-ray aberrations and calculation formulae for the fundamental-ray aberration coefficients of the first order, which are necessary for this extension.We experimentally demonstrate a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser using a small-core fiber-graded index multimode fiber-single-mode fiber (SCF-GIMMF-SMF) structure as an effective saturable absorber based on the nonlinear multimode interference (NL-MMI) effect. A small-core fiber is used as an input single-mode fiber to improve the coupling of power into higher-order modes in a multimode fiber and to enhance the modulation depth of the structure. Stable fundamental mode-locked operation is obtained at a pump threshold of 166 mW and the output soliton pulses have a 647 fs duration at 1557.96 nm with a 5.2 nm spectral width at a repetition rate of 19.37 MHz. This NL-MMI SA can be applied to high-power mode-locked fiber lasers owing to its inherent high damage threshold, compact size, wavelength independent operation, and fabrication simplicity.A method to calculate the spectrum of the light incident on a cascaded Fabry-Perot interferometric spectrometer from the detector signal versus the scanning mirror position is presented. The method is based on modifying the Fabry-Perot integral equation to reduce possible spectrum reconstruction errors that arise due to inaccurate determination of the optical path difference reference position and the dependence on the dispersion of the cavity material. A transformation algorithm that employs the suggested kernel modification is derived and tested. The presented algorithm is then compared to the conventional kernel, showing spectral error reductions by larger than 20 dB.BACKGROUND Intussusception is a rare pathological entity in adults and remains a diagnostic challenge for clinicians, as it shares many clinical signs and symptoms with other morbid conditions (including appendicitis, abdominal hernias, colic, volvulus, and Meckel diverticulum). High clinical suspicion and use of appropriate imaging techniques are essential for early diagnosis and treatment of intussusception. Surgical intervention is the treatment of choice in cases of sustained and persistent invagination. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 65-year-old woman with a medical history of Crohn's disease, diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, and rheumatoid arthritis. She was hospitalized for diarrhea, fatigue, and anemia. Computerized tomography of the abdomen and a colonoscopy revealed telescoping of the ileum, ileocecal valve, and part of the ascending colon inside the terminal segment of the ascending colon. The antegrade ileocolic intussusception was treated by performing a right hemicolectomy. The pathologic examination of the excised intestine showed mucosal lesions compatible with Crohn's disease, an inflammatory fibroid polyp at the terminal section of the ileum, and a low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of the etiology, when the normal motility of the intestine is altered, it can lead to invagination. Although intussusception is rare, it must always be part of the differential diagnosis for a patient presenting with constant abdominal pain.<br /><br /> There is a scarcity of data on the impact of the pandemic in farmers.<br /><br /> Cross-sectional survey of certified organic producers through a 28-item self-reported paper or electronic survey. Analysis included descriptive statistics, Cronbach α to measure the internal consistency of a six-item prevention scale, and correlation and regression analyses.<br /><br /> A total of 344 records were computed. Infection rate among producers was 6.4%. Sex and farm size were the most statistically significant predictors of prevention behaviors. Women reported more use of prevention methods (β = 0.333, P &lt; 0.001) and those with 50 or more certified organic acres reporting less use of prevention methods (β = -0.228, P &lt; 0.001). Mask wearing was significantly related to lower COVID-19 prevalence.<br /><br /> Determining prevalence and understanding how farmers follow prevention behaviors is essential for health care and public health interventions and policies.<br /><br />Determining prevalence and understanding how farmers follow prevention behaviors is essential for health care and public health interventions and policies.<br /><br /> Research is needed on disaster-affected workplaces, particularly on employee job satisfaction and performance, to inform workplace responses promoting employee postdisaster adjustment and wellbeing.<br /><br /> Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from a volunteer sample of 255 employees of eight workplaces affected by the 9/11 attacks on New York City's World Trade Center nearly 3 years post disaster.<br /><br /> The effects of 9/11 on both job satisfaction and job performance were more negative than positive, especially for the Ground Zero employees. Effects on job satisfaction and job performance were generally congruent. Workplace responses focused on individual needs were perceived as positive and those focused on workplace needs as negative.<br /><br /> Workplace responses focused on business improvement intended to improve workplace performance may not have the desired effect and may reduce employee job satisfaction and performance.<br /><br />Workplace responses focused on business improvement intended to improve workplace performance may not have the desired effect and may reduce employee job satisfaction and performance.Although Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have shown efficacy against SARS-CoV-2, it is unknown if coronavirus vaccines can also protect against other coronaviruses that may infect humans in the future. Here, we show that coronavirus vaccines elicit cross-protective immune responses against heterologous coronaviruses. In particular, we show that a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) vaccine developed in 2004 and known to protect against SARS-CoV-1, confers robust heterologous protection against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Similarly, prior coronavirus infections conferred heterologous protection against distinct coronaviruses. Cross-reactive immunity was also reported in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and humans who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and transfer of plasma from these individuals into mice improved protection against coronavirus challenges. These findings provide the first demonstration that coronavirus vaccines (and prior coronavirus infections) can confer broad protection against heterologous coronaviruses, providing a rationale for universal coronavirus vaccines.<br /><br /> To measure white and gray matter volume (WMV, GMV) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).<br /><br /> Eighteen patients (9 men, 9 women) with nAMD and 18 (9 men, 9 women) healthy controls (HCs) aligned were recruited. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and VBM of three-dimensional T1 brain images were analyzed. And we also apply t-tests to look for GMV and WMV differences between groups. Correlation analysis was utilized to probe the connection between observational GMV and WMV values of diverse brain areas and the severity of HADS (hospital anxiety and depression scale). Also, distinctions between nAMD and HCs in GMV can be presented with the help of a ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve.<br /><br /> Compared with HCs, GMV values were significantly lower in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration in the right inferior frontal gyrus, temporal pole of left superior temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left middle fd a basis for future research on pathological mechanisms in this disease. Moreover, decreased gray matter volume in particular brain regions might be associated with choroidal neovascularization and abnormal HADS score. It might help to explain the pathological mechanism of anxiety and depression in patients with nAMD.Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death with the characteristics of chemoresistance and early metastasis. Panaxadiol, a triterpenoid saponin extracted from the roots of American ginseng, has been proved to display anti-tumor activity in colon cancer. [https://www.selleckchem.com/Proteasome.html ubiquitin-Proteasome system] In this study, we found panaxadiol significantly inhibited proliferation, and induced apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1 and Patu8988 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl2, Cleaved-caspase3) was detected via western blot and immunofluorescence staining. In addition, panaxadiol was also found to inhibit the migration of pancreatic cancer cells by wound healing and transwell assays. In vivo, the growth of xenograft pancreatic cancer models was also notably suppressed by panaxadiol compared to the control group. Moreover, the down-regulation of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway was responsible for the underlying pro-apoptosis mechanism of panaxadiol, and this result was in good agreement with molecular docking analysis between panaxadiol and STAT3. In conclusion, our work comprehensively explored the anti-tumor ability in PANC-1 and Patu8988 cells of panaxadiol and provided a potential choice for the clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.Hydrocortisone is indicated in the treatment of primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency. The oral dosage regimen of hydrocortisone needs to be individualized in the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, especially in pediatric patients. A review of the therapeutic uses of hydrocortisone reveals the need for flexibility in dosing. This flexibility is readily achieved using an oral liquid dosage form. However, no commercial liquid dosage form of hydrocortisone currently exists. Hydrocortisone is commercially available as 5-mg, 10-mg, and 20-mg tablets. An extemporaneously compounded suspension from pure drug powder would provide a convenient option to meet unique patient needs. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical and microbiological stability of extemporaneously compounded hydrocortisone suspensions in PCCA Base, SuspendIt. This base is a sugar-free, paraben-free, dye-free, and gluten-free thixotropic vehicle containing a natural sweetener obtained from the monk fruit. The study design included two hydrocortisone concentrations to provide stability documentation over a bracketed concentration range for eventual use by compounding pharmacists.