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The overall survival was significantly shorter in patients with high TMEM2 expression than in those with low expression (P=0.013). Multivariate analysis identified high TMEM2 expression as an independent factor predicting poor prognosis (P=0.011). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/eht-1864.html see more] Unexpectedly, knockdown of TMEM2 resulted in increased migratory ability of PDAC cells, which was associated with increased expression of KIAA1199, a potent HA-degrading enzyme shown to enhance cell migration.<br /><br /> TMEM2 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in PDAC patients. Targeted disruption of this molecule, however, could enhance the aggressiveness of PDAC cells through a possible interaction with KIAA1199.<br /><br />TMEM2 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in PDAC patients. Targeted disruption of this molecule, however, could enhance the aggressiveness of PDAC cells through a possible interaction with KIAA1199.<br /><br /> Acid suppressing drugs (ASD) are generally used in acute pancreatitis (AP); however, large cohorts are not available to understand their efficiency and safety. Therefore, our aims were to evaluate the association between the administration of ASDs, the outcome of AP, the frequency of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and GI infection in patients with AP.<br /><br /> We initiated an international survey and performed retrospective data analysis on AP patients hospitalized between January 2013 and December 2018.<br /><br /> Data of 17,422 adult patients with AP were collected from 59 centers of 23 countries. We found that 23.3% of patients received ASDs before and 86.6% during the course of AP. ASDs were prescribed to 57.6% of patients at discharge. ASD administration was associated with more severe AP and higher mortality. GI bleeding was reported in 4.7% of patients, and it was associated with pancreatitis severity, mortality and ASD therapy. Stool culture test was performed in 6.3% of the patients with 28.4% positive results. link2 Clostridium difficile was the cause of GI infection in 60.5% of cases. Among the patients with GI infections, 28.9% received ASDs, whereas 24.1% were without any acid suppression treatment. GI infection was associated with more severe pancreatitis and higher mortality.<br /><br /> Although ASD therapy is widely used, it is unlikely to have beneficial effects either on the outcome of AP or on the prevention of GI bleeding during AP. Therefore, ASD therapy should be substantially decreased in the therapeutic management of AP.<br /><br />Although ASD therapy is widely used, it is unlikely to have beneficial effects either on the outcome of AP or on the prevention of GI bleeding during AP. Therefore, ASD therapy should be substantially decreased in the therapeutic management of AP.<br /><br /> Venous invasion is a poor prognostic factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, our understanding of various features of venous invasion is limited. Our aim is to comprehensively evaluate various histopathologic features of venous invasion, including status, type (lymphatic or venous), number of invasion foci, and histologic pattern (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia [PanIN]-like, conventional) in PDACs.<br /><br /> Various features of venous invasion, including status, number of invasion foci, histologic patterns [pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN)-like, conventional], and size of involved vessels in 471 surgically resected PDACs were evaluated with all available hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E)-stained slides.<br /><br /> Venous invasion was observed in 319 cases (67.7%) and was more frequently associated with increased tumor size, extrapancreatic extension, resection margin involvement, diffuse tumor distribution, lymph node metastasis, and perineural invasion (all Ps&lt;.05). High frequency (≥3 foci) of venous invasion was associated with shorter overall survival both in the entire group and in the early stage subgroup (stage I; all Ps&lt;.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that a high frequency (≥3 foci) of venous invasion, large tumor size (&gt;4cm), higher histologic grade, and lymph node metastasis, were independent prognostic factors of worse overall survival (all Ps&lt;.05).<br /><br /> Precise evaluation of venous invasion status, including foci number of invasion, can provide additional prognostic information for patients undergoing surgical resection of PDAC, especially for those with early disease stage.<br /><br />Precise evaluation of venous invasion status, including foci number of invasion, can provide additional prognostic information for patients undergoing surgical resection of PDAC, especially for those with early disease stage.<br /><br /> Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a debilitating fibro-inflammatory disease with a profound impact on patients' quality of life (QOL). We investigated determinants of QOL in a large cohort of CP patients.<br /><br /> This was a multicentre study including 517 patients with CP. All patients fulfilled the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Questionnaire responses were compared to results obtained from a general reference population (n=11,343). Demographic characteristics, risk factors (smoking and alcohol consumption), pain symptoms, disease phenotype (complications) and treatments were recorded. A multivariable regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with QOL scores.<br /><br /> Included patients had a mean age of 56.3±12.8 years, 355 (69%) were men and 309 (60%) had alcohol aetiology. Compared to the reference population, patients with CP had lower global health status (50.5 vs. 66.1; p&lt;0.001) as well as reduced scores for all functional scales (all p&lt;0.001). Additionally, CP patients reported a highetification.Since the description of the SPINK1 gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 and the CTRC gene encoding the Chymotrypsin C as being involved in chronic pancreatitis, more than 56 SPINK1 and 87 CTRC variants have been reported. Assessing the clinical relevance of SPINK1 and CTRC variants is often complicated in the absence of functional evidence and interpretation of rare variants is not very easy in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to review the different variants identified in these two genes and to classify them according to their degree of damaging effect. This classification was based on the results of in vitro experiments, in silico analysis using different prediction tools, and on population data, in comparing the allelic frequency of each variant in patients with pancreatitis and in unaffected control individuals. This review should help geneticists and clinicians in charge of patient's care and genetic counseling to interpret the results of genetic studies.<br /><br /> Revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) rates are increasing in younger patients. Few studies have assessed outcomes of initial aseptic rTKA performed for younger patients compared with traditional-aged patients.<br /><br /> A detailed medical record review was performed to identify patient demographics, medical comorbidities, surgical rTKA indications, timing from index TKA to rTKA, subsequent reoperation rates, component rerevision rates, and salvage procedures for 147 young patients (158 knees) aged 55 years and younger and for a traditional older cohort of 276 patients (300 knees) between 60 and 75 years. Univariate analysis was performed to assess differences in these primary variables, and a log-rank test was used to estimate 5-year implant survival based on either reoperation or component revision and salvage procedures.<br /><br /> Younger TKA patients were more likely to undergo initial aseptic rTKA within 2 years of their primary TKA (52.5% vs 29.0%, P &lt; .001) and were more likely to undergo early reoperation (17.7% vs 9.7%, P= .02) or component rerevision (11.4% vs 6.0%, P &lt; .05) after rTKA. Infection and extensor mechanism complications were more commonly noted in younger patients. Estimated 5-year survival was also lower for both reoperation (59.4% vs 65.7%, P= .02) and component rerevision or salvage (65.8% vs 80.1%, P= .02).<br /><br /> Early reoperation and component re-rTKA were performed nearly twice as often in younger rTKA than traditional-aged TKA patients. Care should be given to reduce perioperative infection and extensor mechanism failures after rTKA in younger patients.<br /><br />Early reoperation and component re-rTKA were performed nearly twice as often in younger rTKA than traditional-aged TKA patients. Care should be given to reduce perioperative infection and extensor mechanism failures after rTKA in younger patients.<br /><br /> The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between surgeon age and early surgical complications following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), within a year, in Ontario, Canada.<br /><br /> In a propensity-matched cohort, we defined consecutive adults who received their first primary THA for osteoarthritis (2002-2018). We obtained hospital discharge abstracts, patient's demographics and physician claims. Age of the primary surgeon was determined for each procedure and used as a continuous variable for spline analysis, and as a categorical variable for subsequent matching (young &lt;45; middle-age 45-55; older &gt;55). The primary outcome was early surgical complications (revision, dislocation, infection). Secondary analyses included high-volume vs low-volume surgeons (≤35 THA per year).<br /><br /> We identified 122,043 THA recipients, 298 surgeons with median age 49 years. Younger, middle-aged, and older surgeons performed 39%, 29%, and 32% THAs, respectively. Middle-aged surgeons had the lowest rate of complications. Younger surgeons had a higher risk of composite complications (odds ratio [OR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.44, P= .002), revision (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.07-1.54, P= .007), and infection (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.12-1.71, P= .003). Older surgeons also had higher risk for composite complications (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.03-1.36, P= .019), revision (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.10-1.62, P= .004), and dislocation (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.08-1.73, P= .009). link3 However, when excluding low-volume surgeons, older high-volume surgeons had similar complications to middle-aged surgeons.<br /><br /> Younger surgeons (&lt;45 years) had the highest recorded complications rate while the lowest rate was for surgeons aged 45-55. Volume rather than age was more important in determining rate of complications of older surgeons.<br /><br /> IV.<br /><br />IV.<br /><br /> This study assessed change in sleep patterns before and after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and its relationship to patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).<br /><br /> Between July 2016 and June 2018, surgical data and PROMs were collected on 780 subjects before and 12 months after THA or TKA. PROMs included Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, patient satisfaction, and 2 questions from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.<br /><br /> Before surgery, 35% (270 of 780) reported poor quality sleep. Sleep quality and duration were worse in females over males, and in THA patients (39%) over TKA patients (30%; P= .011). Of those reporting bad sleep, 74% (201 of 270) were improved after arthroplasty. Satisfaction was higher in subjects reporting good sleep quality (626 of 676; 93%) compared with those reporting bad sleep quality (67 of 86; 78%) (P= .001). Sleep was positively correlated with better Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score/Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (r= 0.