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Collectively, presented approach provides new insights on the transplantation of the epoxy crosslinked biomeshes, the risks associated with its applications in soft-tissue reconstruction and can be transferred to studies of other types of implants. Copyright © 2020 Elagin, Kuznetsova, Grebenik, Zolotov, Istranov, Zharikova, Istranova, Polozova, Reunov, Kurkov, Shekhter, Gafarova, Asadchikov, Borisov, Dmitriev, Zagaynova and Timashev.Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating diseases with a high incidence rate around the world. SCI-related neuropathic pain (NeP) is a common complication, whereas its pathomechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to identify key genes and cellular components for SCI-related NeP by an integrated transcriptome bioinformatics analysis. Methods The gene expression profile of 25 peripheral blood samples from chronic phase SCI patients (E-GEOD-69901) and 337 normal peripheral blood samples were downloaded from ArrayExpress and Genotype-Tissue Expression Portal (GTEx), respectively. A total of 3,368 normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were download from Sequence Read Archive (SRA713577). Non-parametric tests were used to evaluate the association between all of differential expression genes (DEGs) and SCI-related NeP. CellPhoneDB algorithm was performed to identify the ligand-receptor interactions and their cellular localization among single PBMCs. Transcription pathway (R = 0.57, P less then 0.001). The results of RT-qPCR and external dataset validation supported the signaling axis with the most significant co-expression patterns. Conclusion In peripheral blood of chronic SCI, HAVCR2 might act as a key receptor on the surface of NK cells and interact with ligand LGALS9 secreted by CD14+ monocytes, inhibiting NK cells through mTOR signaling pathway and ultimately predicting the occurrence of SCI-related NeP. This hypothetical signaling axis may provide prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SCI-related NeP. Copyright © 2020 Huang, Meng, Zhu, Zhao, Song, Yin, Huang, Cheng and Zhang.Metabolic regulation of gene expression for the microbial production of fine chemicals, such as organic acids, is an important research topic in post-genomic metabolic engineering. In particular, the ability of transcription factors (TFs) to respond precisely in time and space to various small molecules, signals and stimuli from the internal and external environment is essential for metabolic pathway engineering and strain development. As a key component, TFs are used to construct many biosensors in vivo using synthetic biology methods, which can be used to monitor the concentration of intracellular metabolites in organic acid production that would otherwise remain "invisible" within the intracellular environment. TF-based biosensors also provide a high-throughput screening method for rapid strain evolution. Furthermore, TFs are important global regulators that control the expression levels of key enzymes in organic acid biosynthesis pathways, therefore determining the outcome of metabolic networks. Here we review recent advances in TF identification, engineering, and applications for metabolic engineering, with an emphasis on metabolite monitoring and high-throughput strain evolution for the organic acid bioproduction. Copyright © 2020 Li, Zhang, Wu and Bai.Precise regulation of gene expression is fundamental for tailor-made gene circuit design in synthetic biology. Current strategies for this type of development are mainly based on directed evolution beginning with a native promoter template. The performances of engineered promoters are usually limited by the growth phase because only one promoter is recognized by one type of sigma factor (σ). Here, we constructed multiple-σ recognizable artificial hybrid promoters (AHPs) composed of tandems of dual and triple natural minimal promoters (NMPs). These NMPs, which use σA, σH and σW, had stable functions in different growth phases. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/wnt-c59-c59.html selleckchem] The functions of these NMPs resulted from an effect called transcription compensation, in which AHPs sequentially use one type of σ in the corresponding growth phase. The strength of the AHPs was influenced by the combinatorial order of each NMP and the length of the spacers between the NMPs. More importantly, the output of the precise regulation was achieved by equipping AHPs with synthetic ribosome binding sites and by redesigning them for induced systems. This strategy might offer promising applications to rationally design robust synthetic promoters in diverse chassis to spur the construction of more complex gene circuits, which will further the development of synthetic biology. Copyright © 2020 Han, Chen, Lin, Cheng, Zhou, Liu, Guo, Zhang, Cui and Zhou.As soft robots have been popular, interest in soft actuators is also increasing. In particular, new types of actuators have been proposed through biomimetics. An actuator that we proposed in this study was inspired by a motor cell that enables plants to move. This actuator is an electrostatic actuator utilizing electrostatic attraction and elastic force, and can be used repeatedly. In addition, this actuator, which can produce large and diverse movements by collecting individual movements like a cell, has a wide application field. As one of them, this actuator is stacked to construct a layer structure and propose an application example. In addition, a piezo sensor was built inside the actuator and real-time motion monitoring was attempted. As a result, the point laser sensor value and the piezo sensor value coincided with each other, which means that it is possible to detect motion in real-time with the built-in sensor. Copyright © 2020 Song and Cha.Fine-tuning loading and release of therapeutic and imaging agents associated with polymeric matrices is a fundamental step in the preclinical development of novel nanomedicines. Here, 1,000 × 400 nm Discoidal Polymeric Nanoconstructs (DPNs) were realized via a top-down, template-based fabrication approach, mixing together poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate (PEG-DA) chains in a single polymer paste. Two different loading strategies were tested, namely the "direct loading" and the "absorption loading." In the first case, the agent was directly mixed with the polymeric paste to realize DPNs whereas, in the second case, DPNs were first lyophilized and then rehydrated upon exposure to a concentrated aqueous solution of the agent. Under these two loading conditions, the encapsulation efficiencies and release profiles of different agents were systematically assessed. Specifically, six agents were realized by conjugating lipid chains (DSPE) or polymeric chains (PEG) to the near-infrared imaging molecule Cy5 (DSPE-Cy5 A and DSPE-Cy5 B); the chemotherapeutic molecules methotrexate (DSPE-MTX and PEG-MTX) and doxorubicin (LA-DOX and DSPE-DOX).