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arch provided a source of reference for reducing traffic accidents caused by risky driving behaviors.<br /><br /> This study aims to investigate the role of frequent sports dance in preventing mental disorders, including anxiety and depression, among college students using real-world data, and to further analyze potential risk factors associated with anxiety and depression.<br /><br /> We investigated 921 college students from eight universities in China. A survey was completed by 901 students and they were included in the analysis. The anxiety score was evaluated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale and the depression score was evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Subgroup comparisons were performed among frequent sports dance students and non-frequent sports dance students.<br /><br /> Of all the students, 9.98% had moderate-to-severe anxiety and 14.65% students suffered from moderate-to-severe depression. Compared with non-frequent sports dance students, frequent sports dance students had significantly lower depression scores (<br /><br /> =0.04). According to the multiple logistic regression models, when pege students. Frequent sports dance may serve as a protective factor for preventing depression and it can be recommended for college students.<br /><br />Anxiety and depression are common among college students. Frequent sports dance may serve as a protective factor for preventing depression and it can be recommended for college students.The incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders especially in children has been on the rise in recent decades, which is possibly caused by many different factors. In order to further explain this situation and arouse enough attention, this review will specifically elaborate genetic aspects and pathogenic hypothesis of these two kinds of neurodevelopmental diseases in children, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while analyzing the relationship between different environmental toxins and these two disorders. The effects of these pathogenic factors such as heavy metal lead, mercury, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their strong pathogenicity will be explained in detail through literature data retrieval and analysis. In addition, other neurotransmitter such as norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) signaling factors coming down to these two neurodevelopmental disorders and how their abnormal concentration present in the blood as well as the completely opposite results among experimental groups and control group will be elaborated. Furthermore, other high-risk and high-exposure factors may contribute to both diseases, such as alcohol and smoking abuse among parents, air pollutants PM2.5 and PM10 in the environment will also be discussed in the review. Since these environmental toxins and other harmful substances discussed in the paper have been linked to an increasing number of children with autism and ADHD in recent decades, from the medical perspective, this review will put forward certain succinct points to the aspects of minimizing relevant exposure or risks in clinical and daily life, as well as feasible suggestions in public health area for children, parents and prospective parents, to curb the growth of these two diseases in part by raising awareness in the population and reducing unnecessary exposure.Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA) is an HPV-related malignancy with rising incidence in the past few decades in the US, characterized by high rates of complete response to chemoradiotherapy with curative intent. However, in a long-term follow-up, a meaningful subgroup of patients with locally advanced disease presents disease recurrence, which demands treatments with high morbidity and important impact in the quality of life. In metastatic or unresectable disease, palliative chemotherapy is the standard of care, but it is still associated with a dismal prognosis. Novel agents are urgently needed in the systemic therapy of SCCA. From a translational standpoint, there are many hurdles to overcome, since PI3KCA mutation is the most frequent genetic abnormality and actionable mutations are rarely found in SCCA, as well as it is characterized by low tumor mutational burden and low rates of high-frequency microsatellite instability. But the latest studies of immunotherapeutic approaches have produced promising findings and this therapeutic strategy is the major path being followed in the ongoing clinical trials. The latest advances in the systemic therapy of SCCA have provided the framework for the conception of new clinical trials. Therefore, carboplatin plus paclitaxel have become the backbone for novel agents. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), mainly anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies, such as retifanlimab, nivolumab, and atezolizumab have been studied in Phase III trials with chemotherapy in first-line therapy. Likewise, ICIs have been evaluated in locally advanced and refractory disease. Novel technologies, such as bispecific antibodies, and immunotherapeutic approaches, such as vaccines and adoptive T-cell therapies, have also been tested in ongoing clinical trials. Immunotherapy may bring practice-changing advances in the systemic therapy of SCCA in the next few years and it might play a larger role in the therapeutic management of this challenging disease.<br /><br /> Appendiceal agenesis is a rare intraoperative diagnosis which occurs in 0.001% of laparotomies done for presumed acute appendicitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of appendiceal agenesis in our country and the second in Africa.<br /><br /> A 19 year old Ethiopian female student came with clinical and imaging findings of acute appendicitis. No history of previous abdominal surgery and similar illness. The vermiform appendix could not be identified following laparotomy performed for the assumption of acute appendicitis. The surgical exploration also revealed no cause for the abdominal pain. Then appendiceal agenesis was declared with an additional diagnosis of nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAD). The postoperative follow-up was uneventful.<br /><br /> Appendiceal agenesis is a rare malformation which demands a careful examination and meticulous laparotomic/laparoscopic exploration for diagnosis.<br /><br />Appendiceal agenesis is a rare malformation which demands a careful examination and meticulous laparotomic/laparoscopic exploration for diagnosis.<br /><br /> Sirenomelia is a rare congenital defect. Its management during pregnancy and after delivery is becoming a controversial issue because of its complex nature and management outcome. The possibility of expectant management in the sirenomelia twin drove us to write this case report.<br /><br /> We report a case of successful expectant management in twin sirenomelia which was diagnosed in the second trimester. Prenatal counseling of the couple by a multi-disciplinary team regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the sirenomelia twin was done. The mother gave birth, at term, to one normal and one sirenomelia neonate by cesarean section.<br /><br /> Expectant management of sirenomelia one in twin pregnancy is advisable in a resource-limited setting.<br /><br />Expectant management of sirenomelia one in twin pregnancy is advisable in a resource-limited setting.<br /><br /> Preterm delivery is a major obstetric complication and a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. It is also associated with significant costs in terms of psychological and financial hardship, to the families.<br /><br /> The primary objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with all preterm deliveries in singleton pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital and the secondary objective was to determine the fetal outcomes among women with preterm delivery.<br /><br /> A case control study was conducted between January 2019 and June 2019 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care center in Central Kerala, India. Women who delivered before 37 completed weeks of gestation were taken as cases and those who delivered at or after 37 weeks were considered as controls in a 11 ratio, approximately. Data regarding 191 cases and 200 controls were taken from delivery room records of the years 2016 to 2018 with the help of a predesigned checklist. Univariate and multivariate analysis wery induced hypertension, UTI and systemic illness can help in reduction of the prevalence of preterm delivery.<br /><br />Early detection and adequate treatment of various conditions like anaemia, pregnancy induced hypertension, UTI and systemic illness can help in reduction of the prevalence of preterm delivery.<br /><br /> To formulate and evaluate microspheres of the antiretroviral drugs maraviroc and tenofovir intended for a candidate vaginal microbicide and assess its effect on the vaginal lactic acid bacteria microflora.<br /><br /> Ionic gelation technique was used to formulate maraviroc and tenofovir microspheres with subsequent characterization. The effect of varying concentrations of the polymer, crosslinking agent and the curing time on the outcome variables viz particle size, mucoadhesion and encapsulation efficiency were investigated. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the vagina of healthy women using standard microbiologic methods. The analysis of their 16S rRNA sequence data identified <br /><br /> and <br /><br /> strains which were assigned GenBank accession numbers. The efficacy of the microspheres on HIV-1BaL strain was evaluated using TZM-bl indicator cells.<br /><br /> The optimal maraviroc and tenofovir microspheres had particle sizes of (434.82 µm and 456.18 µm), mucoadhesion of (93.3% and 90%) and encapsulation efficiency (92.80% and 78.ed residence time in the vagina. The antiretroviral drugs were adequately released from the microspheres and showed efficacy against the HIV-1 BaL virus strain. There was no significant disruption in the growth of the lactic acid bacteria which constitute valuable bacteria microflora of the vagina.<br /><br /> To evaluate the correlation between the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and the L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) and their prognostic value in elderly patients with esophageal cancer (EC).<br /><br /> The clinical data of 158 elderly patients with EC were collected retrospectively. The L3SMI measures the area of skeletal muscle at the level of the third lumbar (L3) vertebra using computed tomography (CT). A high L3SMI and low L3SMI group were created using sex-based quartiles. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/azeliragon.html Azeliragon mouse] The ALI, prognostic nutrition index (PNI), and geriatric nutrition risk index (GNRI) were calculated according to standard laboratory protocols.<br /><br /> The CT diagnostic criteria for senile sarcopenia in South China are height ≤32.96 cm<br /><br /> /m<br /><br /> for females and height ≤35.4 cm<br /><br /> /m<br /><br /> for males. The logistic regression analysis showed that a low L3SMI was significantly associated with a low ALI. Survival analysis revealed EC patients with a low L3SMI and a low ALI had poorer overall survival (OS) than patients with a high L3SMI and a high ALI. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed that the L3SMI and ALI were independent predictors of EC prognosis in elderly individuals.<br /><br /> There was a significant correlation between the PNI, GNRI, ALI, and L3SMI. Overall, our findings show the L3SMI and ALI are clinical indicators that can potentially be used to independently predict the prognosis of elderly EC patients and display good predictive value.<br /><br />There was a significant correlation between the PNI, GNRI, ALI, and L3SMI. Overall, our findings show the L3SMI and ALI are clinical indicators that can potentially be used to independently predict the prognosis of elderly EC patients and display good predictive value.