Zobrazení zdroje stránky Stallingsodom9880

8%) performing worse than HC and schizophrenic patients on basic emotion recognition. Patients in the "impaired group" presented higher rates of childhood trauma, schizotypal traits, lower premorbid IQ and education, poor psychosocial functioning and cognitive performance. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional data which limits our ability to infer directionality of our findings. CONCLUSION These results suggest the presence of two subgroups regarding EP performance with unique clinical and neurodevelopmental profiles associated. Next steps will include using these data to identify a homogeneous group of patients to target these disabling symptoms with treatment. V.BACKGROUND Association of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or depression and memory has been studied. But hardly any studies on the association of coexistence of CVD and depression and memory. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of a nationally representative sample of 12,272 adults aged 45 years and more who participated in the China health and retirement longitudinal study 2011 to 2015. All variables were acquired by self-reporting questions. The associations between coexistence of CVD and depression with memory related disease (MRD) were investigated by using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS Among the 12,272 participants (mean age 65.69 years; 46.8% male) in this study, 56.9% no CVD or depression and 6.7% coexistence of CVD and depression. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/blasticidin-s-hcl.html Blasticidin S] After adjustment for age, sex, marriage, living place, registered permanent residence, education level, smoking status, alcoholic intake, sleep status, nap status, social communication, health before 15 years, life satisfaction, cognitive function, and 11 chronic diseases risk factors, depression alone was significantly high risk for MRD (HR1.64; 95% CI 1.09-2.49); coexistence of CVD and depression increased the risk for MRD significantly higher (HR 4.72; 95%CI 2.91-7.64). LIMITATIONS Diseases were all self-reported and we couldn't adjust for all the potential confounders, which might be prone to information error and residual confounding. CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative cohort with median 4 years of follow-up, depression alone and co-existence of depression and CVD could significantly increase the risk of MRD. Our study supports the idea of prevention of memory disease from a psycho-cardiology aspect. V.BACKGROUND Childhood abuse has a negative effect on mental health during pregnancy; however, the association between childhood abuse and suicide ideation has received relatively little attention. METHOD Women at 28 weeks or more into their pregnancy were recruited from a prenatal clinic in Shandong province, China. Suicide ideation was measured using item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Childhood abuse was measured using childhood abuse subscales of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. RESULTS Women with any experience of childhood abuse had high risk of suicide ideation (OR&nbsp;=&nbsp;2.44, 95%CI 1.31-4.55). The association of continuous childhood abuse scores with suicide ideation was consistent with the finding using dichotomous childhood abuse (OR&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.07, 95%CI 1.02-1.12). After adjustment for depression, pregnant women with only physical abuse experience had high risk of suicide ideation (OR&nbsp;=&nbsp;3.63, 95%CI 1.32-10.03). Pregnant women with both childhood abuse and depression had increased risk of suicide ideation compared to those with neither risk factor (OR&nbsp;=&nbsp;17.78, 95%CI 7.20-43.92). LIMITATIONS Using a self-report measure to assess childhood abuse is susceptible to recall bias. Using a single item to measure suicide ideation and assessing only suicide ideation were limitations of the study. CONCLUSIONS Pregnant women who experienced childhood abuse, especially physical abuse, had a high risk of suicide ideation during pregnancy. Screening for both childhood abuse and antenatal depression may be an effective way to identify high-risk groups with suicide ideation. BACKGROUND Traditional randomized withdrawal studies have assessed the efficacy of antidepressants for reducing relapse and recurrence of major depressive episodes (MDEs) but have not compared dose reduction, increase, or maintenance within the same study. METHODS Here we present the development, implementation, and preliminary data from the open-label period of an ongoing phase 4, non-traditional, randomized withdrawal study. Designed to evaluate the efficacy of vortioxetine across its approved dose range for relapse prevention, the study enrolled adult patients with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)&nbsp;≥&nbsp;26, and history of ≥2 MDEs. After a 16-week, open-label, fixed-dose (vortioxetine 10&nbsp;mg once daily) period, patients meeting response criteria (≥50% reduction in MADRS total score, Weeks 8-16) and remission criteria (MADRS total score ≤12, Weeks 14 and 16) were randomized to vortioxetine 5, 10, or 20&nbsp;mg, or placebo in a 32-week double-blind treatment period. RESULTS Of 1106 patients enrolled, 510 completed the open-label period (mean age 45.7 years; mean MADRS&nbsp;=&nbsp;5.0; predominantly female, white, and never smokers) and were eligible for randomization in the ongoing double-blind period. LIMITATIONS Study is ongoing; only data from the open-label period are available for evaluation. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary analysis suggests that patient baseline characteristics were not a factor in response to and stabilization with vortioxetine during the open-label period. The lack of flexibility in dosing, however, may have reduced the number of patients qualifying for randomization. This study design may provide useful information for optimizing the long-term efficacy and tolerability of vortioxetine treatment for MDD. V.BACKGROUND Marriage in general is associated with better mental health in high-income industrialized countries, but it is unknown to what extent this is also the case in South Asia. METHODS The Chitwan Valley Family Study (CVFS) in Nepal is a 24-year family panel study with a recent representative survey to investigate the association between sociodemographic changes and mental health (N&nbsp;=&nbsp;10,516). We investigated timing of marital transitions and timing of onset of MDD in both male and female respondents, controlling for key confounders. RESULTS In this setting the transition to marriage is associated with increased odds of subsequent MDD first onset (median OR=2.28). For female respondents, divorce (OR=2.68), early widowed (OR=11.25), and even getting married significantly increased the odds of subsequent MDD onset (OR=3.03). For male respondents, only becoming widowed increased the odds of subsequent MDD (OR=16.32), but marriage did not reduce the odds of MDD. LIMITATIONS Limitations of the study include large-scale protocol that may have resulted in underreporting of MDD and the exclusion of sub-threshold cases that may otherwise have qualified as a case in a clinical setting. CONCLUSIONS In the Nepalese general population, marital transitions increase the odds of subsequent depression, especially among the female population. Results provide basic but essential vital health data that can guide clinicians to proactively plan sustainable healthcare both within South Asia and among many South Asians living in other places. BACKGROUND Depression is correlated with poor prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The goal of this meta-analysis was to assess the influence of depression on the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and all-cause mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS Cohort studies were obtained by searching PubMed and Embase databases. Cohort studies regarding the association between depression and risks of MACEs and mortality after PCI were included. Heterogeneity was determined using the Cochrane's Q test and calculated using I2. A fixed-effect model was used if no significant heterogeneity was detected; otherwise a random-effect model was applied. The adjusted risk ratio [RR] for the incidences of MACEs and all-cause mortality in patients with depression were compared to those without depression. RESULTS Nine cohorts including 4,555 CAD patients who underwent PCI were included in this meta-analysis, and 1,108 of these patients were diagnosed with depression. There were no significant differences among studies evaluating MACEs and mortality risks (I2&nbsp;=&nbsp;25% and 0%, respectively). Pooled results showed that depression was associated with higher risk of MACEs (RR 2.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59 to 2.77, p&nbsp; less then &nbsp; 0.001) and all-cause mortality (RR 1.76, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.13, p&nbsp; less then &nbsp;0.001) during follow-up after PCI. LIMITATIONS Available full text peer reviewed studies were limited and only studies in English were included in this analysis. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms were independently associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients who received PCI. Psychological therapy that does not increase cardiac burden or induce pharmacological side effects may be a better strategy to treat depression associated with PCI. BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe mental illness but access is limited for patients lacking consent capacity. We aimed to compare the symptomatic, cognitive, quality of life (QOL) and functional outcomes of patients with and without capacity receiving ECT for schizophrenia, depression or mania. METHODS Patients prescribed ECT in a single center had their clinical outcomes pre and post ECT compared with repeated measures ANOVAs. Differences in demographic, clinical characteristics and ECT treatment between the group lacking and having capacity were examined using independent t-tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. RESULTS 75.1% of 175 patients lacked capacity. The group lacking capacity had overall poorer cognitive and global functioning pre ECT but higher QOL. Objective psychiatric symptom ratings after ECT improved similarly between groups. Mood, cognition, QOL and function improved in both groups, with more improvement in mood and function in the group lacking capacity and a trend towards greater cognitive improvement (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.051). LIMITATIONS Subgroup analysis by diagnosis was not done due to smaller sample sizes in each group. Cognition was assessed with a general screening instrument not a full neuropsychological assessment. CONCLUSIONS ECT is a safe and effective treatment for schizophrenia, bipolar mania and depression, and may provide similar or greater benefits in patients lacking capacity to consent, compared to those with capacity. These results support the provision of a framework for substitute decision making in the patients' best interests for ECT in patients unable to provide their own consent. BACKGROUND Previous gene-environment studies on depression have examined the interaction between FKBP5 gene and childhood trauma, but the results are inconsistent and few studies have focused on Asian adolescents. Psychological resilience may explain for the inconsistency. We examined the interaction between FKBP5 gene and childhood trauma on depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents, and firstly explored the moderating role of resilience in the relationship. METHODS This study comprised 942 participants (448 males, 47.6%) randomly recruited from four senior schools in Wuhan, Hubei of China. Depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and resilience were respectively evaluated by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Three potentially functional FKBP5 polymorphisms were selected for genotyping. RESULTS Participants carrying minor alleles of FKBP5 polymorphisms (rs3800373, rs1360780, and rs4713916) and a haplotype derived from these variants displayed higher CES-D scores when exposed to childhood physical abuse after adjusting for demographic characteristics and resilience (all P&nbsp; less then &nbsp;0.