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ly on reliable background information and the fast sharing of information, supporting the performance of healthcare teams. The strategies for achieving these goals should also include education focused on the development of managerial competences.<br /><br />Based on our mediation model, healthcare facilities, which strive to implement crisis management during the acute stage of the crisis, should place emphasis especially on reliable background information and the fast sharing of information, supporting the performance of healthcare teams. The strategies for achieving these goals should also include education focused on the development of managerial competences.<br /><br /> The postpartum period is a difficult time for mother and family. Unfortunately, in some cases, two psychiatric complications may occur postpartum psychoses (PPP) with a prevalence of 0.2% and a very low incidence of 0.25-0.50 per 1000 deliveries, and post-natal depressions with an incidence of 10 to 20% per 1000 deliveries. The onset of postpartum psychosis is in the first 4 weeks after childbirth with symptoms such as emotional lability, cognitive disorganization, delusional beliefs and hallucinations. It requires hospitalization due to the high risk of suicide and infanticide. The studies reveal that the treatment can include FGAs (first-generation antipsychotics), such as haloperidol, and SGAs (second-generation antipsychotics), such as olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone. The literature is scarce in what resistant PPP is concerned and no such cases treated with clozapine have been reported, according to our knowledge. The present case report focuses on a female diagnosed with PPP who was treated with clozapine due to the lack of response to adequate dosage of 2 second-generation antipsychotics.<br /><br /> We present the case of a 30-year-old primiparous woman on her 3rd day after delivery, admitted in the psychiatric emergency unit for agitation, intrusive thoughts with a content frequently related to the infant, ideas of reference, disorganized speech, bizarre behavior, verbal stereotypes, insomnia and anxiety. Due to lack of response to adequate dosage of 2 second-generation antipsychotics, clozapine was initiated up to 250 mg/day. The symptoms remitted in the next 5 days and the patient was discharged. After discharge, at the patient's request, clozapine was replaced by olanzapine. Visit at 1 year revealed full remission of symptoms.<br /><br /> Although data is extremely limited, clozapine has been shown to be effective and safe in a severe case of treatment-resistant PPP.<br /><br />Although data is extremely limited, clozapine has been shown to be effective and safe in a severe case of treatment-resistant PPP.<br /><br /> Several threatening infectious diseases, including influenza, Ebola, SARS, and COVID-19, have affected human society over the past decades. These disease outbreaks naturally inspire a demand for sustained and advanced safety and suppression measures. To protect public health and safety, further research developments on emergency analysis methods and approaches for effective emergency treatment generation are urgently needed to mitigate the severity of the pandemic and save lives.<br /><br /> To address these issues, a novel case-based reasoning (CBR) system is proposed using three phases. In the first phase, the similarity between the current case and the historical cases is calculated under a variety of heterogeneous information. In the second phase, a filter approach based on grey clustering analysis is created to retrieve relevant cases. In the third phase, the cases retrieved are taken as initial host nests in a cuckoo search (CS) algorithm, and our system searches an optimal solution through iteration of this alst and accurate public biohazard prevention and control measures based on a variety of heterogeneous information.<br /><br /> This study investigates the nexus between household health expenditure, CO<br /><br /> emissions and environmental pollution in China. We analyzed the asymmetric dynamic relationship between CO<br /><br /> emissions, environmental pollution and household health expenditure for the period 1990 to 2019 in China.<br /><br /> This study adopted nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) and Granger causality following the diagnostic test. Furthermore, we applied Dickey-Fuller (ADF), PP unit root tests, Zivot and Andrews test for structural breaks in our analysis. The NARDL is the most suitable econometric technique for estimations, especially if the asymmetric relationship exists among the variables. NARDL technique is capable to explore the dynamic relationship between CO<br /><br /> emissions, environmental pollution and household health expenditure.<br /><br /> The empirical results verify the asymmetric nexus between CO<br /><br /> emissions, environmental pollution and household health expenditure in the context of China. The outcomes revealed that in the shoing the asymmetric relationship between CO2 emissions and household health expenditure. The results also confirm the statistically significant and asymmetrically positive relationship between environmental pollution and household health expenditure. This implies that Chinese residents have to bear more household health expenditure, in the case of more CO2 emissions and a greater amount of environmental pollution.<br /><br /> Co-trimoxazole is a broad-spectrum antibiotic associated with hyperkalemia.<br /><br /> To determine the incidence of hyperkalemia and its risk factors in patients receiving co-trimoxazole.<br /><br /> A retrospective observational study involving all patients who received co-trimoxazole between 1 January 2012 and 1 January 2013 was conducted. Subjects were identified through a list generated from a computerized pharmacy system. The patients' demographic and clinical characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.<br /><br /> One hundred sixty-one patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Of these, 46 (28.6%) experienced hyperkalemia. Around 35 (76%) of the patients who experienced hyperkalemia received co-administered medications that might induce hyperkalemia. The co-administration of co-trimoxazole with other medications that may induce hyperkalemia was found to be associated with higher incidence of hyperkalemia when compared to co-trimoxazole administration alone [adjusted OR 3.2, 95% CI (1.4-7.3), p=0.005]. Additionally, age &gt; 60 years was associated with an increased risk of hyperkalemia when compared to younger age group 18-39 years [adjusted OR 6.5, 95% CI (2.1-19.7); p=0.001].<br /><br /> Co-trimoxazole use is associated with high incidence of hyperkalemia, especially among older patients and those receiving it in combination with other medications that might contribute to hyperkalemia development such as calcineurin inhibitors and β-blockers.<br /><br />Co-trimoxazole use is associated with high incidence of hyperkalemia, especially among older patients and those receiving it in combination with other medications that might contribute to hyperkalemia development such as calcineurin inhibitors and β-blockers.<br /><br /> Governments have imposed physical and social distancing measures together with hand hygiene to contain COVID-19. However, maintaining the recommended social distancing less likely applicable in developing countries where the majority of the people depend on daily income. Countries like Ethiopia imposed universal use of face masks as an additional measure.<br /><br /> This study aims to review and present the advantage and challenges of imposing universal use of face masks in the community and to forward possible recommendations.<br /><br /> The study was synthesized using a narrative literature review approach involving COVID-19 databases, published literature on COVID-19, and relevant news.<br /><br /> The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Ethiopia was reported on March 13, 2020. Consequently, the government has taken swift actions including social distancing and strict hygienic measures to contain its transmission. However, new cases have started to increase with local transmission. Hence, the country imposed additional measures including universal use of face masks at public places. The universal use of masks requires a sufficient supply of masks with affordable costs. Moreover, awareness of the proper use of face masks and its disposal is another challenge affecting its effectiveness against corona virus infection.<br /><br /> Universal use of face masks can contribute to the containment of the virus in the community if adequately available and properly used and managed after use. Encouraging local production with clear guidance, demonstration, and awareness creation helps to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of face masks particularly among the vulnerable population.<br /><br />Universal use of face masks can contribute to the containment of the virus in the community if adequately available and properly used and managed after use. Encouraging local production with clear guidance, demonstration, and awareness creation helps to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of face masks particularly among the vulnerable population.<br /><br /> This study aimed to investigate the willingness of international medical students enrolled in Chinese universities to return to their home countries based on their risk perception of the recent outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).<br /><br /> A well-structured questionnaire was incorporated into the WeChat survey, a special feature within this mobile application, similar to Google Docs. The questionnaire was sent to 1190 international medical students across China between January 1, 2020 and May 15, 2020. A total of 897 completed questionnaires were returned, indicating a 75% response rate.<br /><br /> The survey findings show that the risk perception of international medical students about COVID-19 was low because of the strong preventive measures taken by the Chinese government against COVID-19. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bufalin.html https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bufalin.html] Moreover, they were willing to stay in China until the completion of their degrees. In contrast, students who have completed their degrees were willing to return home immediately if possible.<br /><br /> These findings are of serious concern for developing countries where they come from because their return to their home countries may cause an epidemic outbreak in those regions.<br /><br />These findings are of serious concern for developing countries where they come from because their return to their home countries may cause an epidemic outbreak in those regions.<br /><br /> Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is diagnosed in patients with hepatic steatosis when they have the following three metabolic conditions obesity/overweight, diabetes and metabolic dysregulation, either alone or in combination. There is no clarity whether subtypes of MAFLD diagnosed by different metabolic conditions carry different levels of risk for intra- and extra-hepatic organs. This study aims to depict the characteristics of these subtypes in a large population.<br /><br /> The data were retrieved from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of the United States. The clinical and biochemical features in different MAFLD subtypes were compared. The outcome of interest was significant and advanced fibrosis.<br /><br /> Out of 4,087 (31.24%) participants with MAFLD, 1,165 (28.51%) were diagnosed by single metabolic condition, 2,053 (50.23%) by two conditions, and 869 (21.26%) by all three metabolic conditions. With increasing numbers of metabolic conditions, participants tended to be older, were more likely to be female, and had more severe renal impairment and liver fibrosis (<br /><br /> &lt;0.