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22 to 61.61% after ZnCl2 introduction. Additionally, introduction of ZnCl2 helps the unencapsulated devices to maintain 93% of their original performance after 2400 h of storage in a nitrogen-filled glovebox. This work develops an effective route for the optimization of ETLs and defect healing using simple and low-cost inorganic salts.Usually, materials with perfect structures possess excellent properties, but it is not always the case. Here, a new approach is reported to construct structural colored hydrogel films with excellent ultraviolet (UV) blocking performance for contact lenses. The theoretical simulation predicts that with perfect periodic structures, the hydrogel films can strongly reflect incident light in a narrow visible wavelength range and thus exhibit extraordinarily brilliant colors. However, such hydrogel films cannot effectively block UV light. By slightly breaking the structural periodicity (quasi-periodic structure), strong diffuse scattering or pseudoabsorption of light can occur for all of the wavelengths shorter than a structural characteristic length, leading to perfect UV blocking. According to the theoretical prediction, a structural colored hydrogel film with nearly periodic polystyrene sphere arrays in poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogel matrix is fabricated; this hydrogel film possesses brilliant colors and perfect UV blocking, and the core particle composition and size have been investigated in detail for the optimized properties of contact lenses. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation assay proves the cytocompatibility of the hydrogel for real application. Regarding its unique optical characteristics, the as-prepared structural colored hydrogel shows great promise in the fields of UV-protective equipment, medical device, soft robot, sensor, and so on.We introduce a novel self-standing, nanoporous carbon scaffold (NCS, 25 μm thick), with an ordered inverse opal pore structure (∼85 nm pore) as a microporous layer (MPL) in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Unlike previous studies, through chemical functionalization of the pore surfaces, the wettability of the MPL is controllably modified without altering the pore structure. Ex situ environmental scanning electron microscopy experiments revealed water sorption in the hydrophilic NCS under moderate relative humidity (RH) conditions but not in the hydrophobic NCS, wherein water condensation on the surface was noted only at high RH. The influence of structure and wettability of different MPLs on cell performance was gleaned from steady-state cell polarization behavior. For cells operated under dry conditions (≤80% RH), the limiting current for cells with a hydrophilic NCS MPL was the highest while that for cells with a hydrophobic NCS MPL was the lowest regardless of the level of water saturation (RH).We report the surface-energy-dependent wetting transition characteristics of an evaporating water droplet on surface-energy-controlled microcavity structures with functional nanocoatings. The droplet wetting scenarios were categorized into four types depending on the synergistic effect of surface energy and pattern size. The silicon (Si) microcavity surfaces (γSi = 69.8 mJ/m2) and the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-coated microcavity surfaces (γPTFE = 15.0 mJ/m2) displayed stable Wenzel and Cassie wetting states, respectively, irrespective of time. In contrast, diamond-like carbon (DLC)-coated (γDLC = 55.5 mJ/m2) and fluorinated diamond-like carbon (FDLC)-coated (γFDLC = 36.2 mJ/m2) surfaces demonstrated a time-dependent transition of wetting states. In particular, the DLC-coated surface showed random filling of microcavities at the earlier time point, while the FDLC-coated surface displayed directional filling of microcavities at the late stage of drop evaporation. Such dynamic wetting scenarios based on surs.The low electronic conductivity of spinel-structured Li4Ti5O12 could be improved by introducing CuV2O6. Herein, several Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6 composites with different CuV2O6 contents have been successfully prepared by a facile liquid-phase dispersion technique. The amount of CuV2O6 in composites is shown to affect the particle size and electrochemical performances of Li4Ti5O12. The Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6 composite prepared with a 5 wt % CuV2O6 content (referred to as 5 wt % Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6) exhibits the best electrochemical performances among all the Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6 composites. The initial discharge/charge capacities of the 5 wt % Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6 composite reach 241.1/199.8 mAh g-1 and retain at 136.8/135.7 mAh g-1 over 500 cycles at 30 mA g-1 between 1.0 and 3.0 V. In addition, initial discharge/charge capacities of the 5 wt % Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6 composite amount to 129.8/90.5 mAh g-1 even at 1200 mA g-1 with maintained discharge/charge capacities of 71.1/71.1 mAh g-1 over 2500 cycles, which are superior to the pristine Li4Ti5O12 in all cases. The detailed electrode kinetic analysis reveals that the introduction of the CuV2O6 phase can enhance the lithium-ion transferring rate and cycling stability of Li4Ti5O12. The enhanced lithium-storage mechanism of the 5 wt % Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6 composite is clarified by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The acquired data confirms that in situ formation of small amounts of metallic Cu during discharge/charge processes highly enhance the electronic conductivity and decreases the charge-transfer resistance of Li4Ti5O12. In sum, the as-obtained 5 wt % Li4Ti5O12/CuV2O6 composite has potential for future construction of high-rate and long-lifespan anode materials for Li-ion batteries. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mk-8353-sch900353.html buy MK-8353] The work also provides an innovative route to improve electrochemical performances of Li4Ti5O12.High solubility in aprotic organic electrolytes and poor electrical conductivity are the main restrictions of organic electrodes in practical application. Conductive binder contributes to the high-performance electrodes as it enables both mechanical and electronic integrity of the electrode, which have been scarcely explored for organic electrodes. Herein, a conductive interpenetrating polymeric network is synthesized through in situ polymerization of polyaniline with poly(acrylic acid) (denoted PAA-PANi), which served as a novel conductive binder for organic 2-aminoanthraquinone (AAQ) materials. The conductive PANi component enhances the electrical conductivity of the electrode. Meanwhile, the PAA component serves as the binding matrix to condense with the amino groups (-NH2) of AAQ, which therefore effectively inhibits their dissolution and maintains electrode integrity during cycling. As expected, the conductive binder exhibits both excellent electrical conductivity (10-3 S cm-1) and strong mechanical adhesion. The AAQ/reduced graphene oxide (AAQ@rGO) composite electrode prepared with the as-synthesized PAA-PANi binder delivers a high specific capacity of 126.1 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, superior rate capability (71.3 mAh g -1 at 3 A g-1), and outstanding cycling stability (2000 cycles at 1 A g-1), which greatly rivals polyvinylidene fluoride and PAA binder-based electrodes. Such a strategy points the way for the design and synthesis of conductive polymeric binders for organic electrodes, whose electrical conductivity and dissolution are massive issues.High levels of performance and stability have been demonstrated for conjugated polymer thin-film transistors in recent years, making them promising materials for flexible electronic circuits and displays. For sensing applications, however, most research efforts have been focusing on electrochemical sensing devices. Here we demonstrate a highly stable biosensing platform using polymer transistors based on the dual-gate mechanism. In this architecture a sensing signal is transduced and amplified by the capacitive coupling between a low-k bottom dielectric and a high-k ionic elastomer top dielectric that is in contact with an analyte solution. The new design exhibits a high signal amplification, high stability under bias stress in various aqueous environments, and low signal drift. Our platform, furthermore, while responding expectedly to charged analytes such as the protein bovine serum albumin, is insensitive to changes of salt concentration of the analyte solution. These features make this platform a potentially suitable tool for a variety of biosensing applications.Rapid, facile, and reliable recognition of different antibiotics by self-calibrating luminescent sensors are important for practical requirements. Herein, we design and synthesize a series of Eu1-xTb x -MOF using a flexible ligand H4L (5,5'-(propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy))di-isophthalic acid). With changing reactant time, submicrometer bimetallic SMOF-10-10h with homogeneous morphology was achieved and further fabricated MOF-based membrane combining with polymer materials. A luminescent study indicated that the bimetallic SMOF-10-10h membrane possesses a legible emission peak for Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions, which can act as a self-calibrating luminescent probe for efficiently sensing different antibiotics within a certain concentration range through two-dimensional (2D) readouts based on the emission intensity ratio. Our work first reports an inexpensive and convenience bimetallic MOF-based membrane as a luminescent sensor with self-calibrating to detect various antibiotics, which makes it a potential luminescent sensor for beneficial application.Constructing a slippery lubricant-infused surface (SLIS) whose internal microstructure and surface properties can be fully repaired helps to improve its property stability and extend technological implications but has presented a huge challenge. A class of fully repairable slippery organogel surfaces (SOSs), which uses microstructured paraffin as reconfigurable supporting structure and silicone oil as lubricant dispersion medium, is reported here. Attributed to nearly 90 wt % of silicone oil stored in the slippery organogel system and good compatibility with the paraffin-based framework, SOSs combine continuous lubricity and reliable lubricant storage stability. Furthermore, the thermally sensitive paraffin-based framework can quickly switch between solid supporting structure and liquid solution according to the ambient temperature, thereby achieving rapid regeneration of microstructure. This unique system consisting of reconfigurable framework and flowable lubricant derives two types of repairs aimed at varying degrees of damage. Significantly, the easy-to-prepare SOS, on the other hand, allows the adoption of various substrate surfaces for different purposes to form an antiadhesion coating and exhibits excellent antistain, antialgae, and anti-icing performance, thus greatly improving the flexibility of such materials in practical applications.Nickel oxide (NiO) is considered one of the most promising positive anode materials for electrochromic supercapacitors. Nevertheless, a detailed mechanism of the electrochromic and energy storage process has yet to be unraveled. In this research, the charge storage mechanism of a NiO electrochromic electrode was investigated by combining the in-depth experimental and theoretical analyses. Experimentally, a kinetic analysis of the Li-ion behavior based on the cyclic voltammetry curves reveals the major contribution of surface capacitance versus total capacity, providing fast reaction kinetics and a highly reversible electrochromic performance. Theoretically, our model uncovers that Li ions prefer to adsorb at fcc sites on the NiO(1 1 1) surface, then diffuse horizontally over the plane, and finally migrate in the bulk. More significantly, the calculated theoretical surface capacity (106 mA h g-1) accounts for about 77.4% of the total experimental capacity (137 mA h g-1), indicating that the surface storage process dominates the whole charge storage, which is in accordance with the experimental results.