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7%), photophobia (7, 63.6%) and foreign body sensation (2, 18.2%). Complete healing with vascularization and scarring was observed in 7 patients (63.6%) patients whereas progression to perforation of corneal ulcer and corneal melt was seen in 3 (27.3%) cases and these patients underwent therapeutic keratoplasty later. One patient did not come for follow up examination.<br /><br /> The most common risk factor for the occurrence of Acanthamoeba Keratitis is trauma followed by contact lens use.<br /><br />The most common risk factor for the occurrence of Acanthamoeba Keratitis is trauma followed by contact lens use.<br /><br /> This study was conducted to report the refractive and visual outcome after Scleral Fixated Intraocular Lens (SFIOL) implantation in children with nontraumatic ectopia lentis.<br /><br /> Retrospective review of the medical records of 25 eyes of 15 patients who underwent SFIOL implantation in children with non-traumatic ectopia lentis.<br /><br /> The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before SFIOL implantation was 1.07 ± 0.9 logMar units [median 0.9, Interquartile range (ΙQR) 0.415 to 1.555] which improved to 0.41 ± 0.33 logMar units (median 0.22, ΙQR 0.180 to 1.555) at two months postoperative follow up. In phakic group, the mean spherical refraction preoperatively was -12.04 ± 7.82 DS (dioptre sphere) (IQR +16 to -5.875) and postoperatively was +0.93 ± 2.67DS (IQR -0.375 to +2). In aphakic group, the mean spherical refraction preoperatively was +12.22 ± 2.05 DS and postoperatively was +1.2 ± 1.9 DS. The mean total astigmatism preoperatively was -6.44 ± 4.95 DC (dioptre cylinder) (median 6, IQR -10.50 to +2) and postoperatively was -1.47 ± 0.98 DC (median -1.5, IQR -2 to - 0.625 ). The mean IOL induced astigmatism was -1.01 ± 0.95 DC (median -0.75, IQR -1.33 to - 0.25). The spherical refractive equivalent was within 2 Diopter (D) of the target refraction calculated preoperatively in 20 eyes and in five eyes it was more than 2 D.<br /><br /> SFIOL implantation is associated with good visual outcome with a significant improvement in the refractive error. However, a longer follow up is required to assess the change of refraction and the stability of the SFIOL.<br /><br />SFIOL implantation is associated with good visual outcome with a significant improvement in the refractive error. However, a longer follow up is required to assess the change of refraction and the stability of the SFIOL.<br /><br /> This study was conducted to determine whether the World Health Organization (WHO) visual acuity standards are correlated between the early and late early post-operative periods following phacoemulsification (phaco) and small incision extracapsular cataract surgery (SICS). Secondary aims were to compare visual outcomes and complications following SICS and phaco.<br /><br /> Retrospective cohort study following phaco and SICS performed by one surgeon. Primary outcome measures included uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the early (≤72 hours) and late (≥21 days) post-operative visits. Secondary outcome measures included complications and astigmatism.<br /><br /> 705 eyes were studied (509 phaco, 196 SICS). The correlation for UCVA between early and late follow-up examinations was higher for phaco (rs=0.58) compared to SICS (rs=0.45, p=0.04) while correlation for BCVA was similar (phaco,rs=0.52; SICS, rs=0.47; p=0.44). At the early post-operative visit, a higher proportion in the phaco group achieved ≥6/18 UCVA (81.5% phaco vs 64.8% SICS, p&lt;0.0001) and BCVA (87.8% phaco vs 73.5% SICS, p&lt;0.0001). At the late post-operative visit, a higher proportion following phaco also achieved ≥6/18 UCVA (93.9% phaco vs 85.2% SICS, p=0.0004) and BCVA (96.9% phaco vs 91.3% SICS, p=0.004). After exclusion of eyes with pre-existing ocular comorbidities, a similar proportion had ≥6/18 late UCVA (98.9% phaco vs 96.9% SICS, p=0.22) and BCVA (100% phaco vs 99.2% SICS, p=0.27).<br /><br /> Early and late post-operative WHO visual acuity levels are correlated, but not equivalent, following both phaco and SICS. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ml364.html ML364] In eyes without comorbidities, similar final visual outcomes can be achieved after phaco and SICS.<br /><br />Early and late post-operative WHO visual acuity levels are correlated, but not equivalent, following both phaco and SICS. In eyes without comorbidities, similar final visual outcomes can be achieved after phaco and SICS.<br /><br /> This study was conducted to characterize morphological and functional outcome of application of tissue adhesive (TA) in corneal perforations.<br /><br /> This is a retrospective study in which data of corneal perforations which were managed by application of TA (N- butyl cyanoacrylate) from January 2015 to April 2018 were reviewed. The final outcome of TA in corneal perforation was considered as sealed or non-sealed over a period of three months. Criteria of success of TA application included resolution of infiltrates, corneal vascularisation and scarring. Morphological outcome was considered as corneal scarring, required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK) and loss of anatomical integrity of globe as phthisis bulbi. Functional success was considered preservation of visual function with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).<br /><br /> A total of sixty seven eyes of sixty seven patients were reviewed in the present study. The mean age of all the patients was 46.63 ±16.30 years (range 5-81 years) with predominance of maleificant relationship with age, number of glue applications and complications.<br /><br /> To characterize the peripapillary choroidal vasculature in healthy individuals using the choroidal vascular index (CVI), a previously established more robust tool of measurement of choroidal vascularity than choroidal thickness.<br /><br /> The peripapillary choroid in healthy individuals was analyzed using optical coherence tomography. OCT B-scan were analyzed using automated binarization, a previously established technique. This separates the choroidal layer into the stromal and vascular areas. Choroidal vascular index (CVI), the vascular area/total area, was computed for each image over the macula and the peripapillary area of the optic disc. Regression analysis and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were used to analyze various demographics, and CVI in the macula and each quadrant of the optic disc.<br /><br /> Fifty eight eyes of 29 healthy individuals were included. Mean age was 42±17 years. Average CVI at the macula was 0.583. Average peripapillary CVI was 0.643 (nasal), 0.598 (temporal), 0.621 (superior) and 0.623 (inferior).