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Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic condition that causes early onset pulmonary emphysema and airways obstruction. The complete mechanisms via which AATD causes lung disease are not fully understood. To improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of AATD, we investigated gene expression profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in AATD individuals.<br /><br /> We performed RNA-Seq on RNA extracted from matched BAL and PBMC samples isolated from 89 subjects enrolled in the Genomic Research in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency and Sarcoidosis (GRADS) study. Subjects were stratified by genotype and augmentation therapy. Supervised and unsupervised differential gene expression analyses were performed using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify gene profiles associated with subjects' clinical variables. The genes in the most significant WGCNA module were used to cluster AATD individuals. Gene validation was performed by NanoString nCouny suggest the presence of previously unrecognised disease endotypes in AATD that associate with T-lymphocyte immunity and disease severity.Cancer chemoprevention is the most effective approach to control cancer in the population. Despite significant progress, chemoprevention has not been widely adopted because agents that are safe tend to be less effective and those that are highly effective tend to be toxic. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel and effective chemopreventive agents, such as mitochondria-targeted agents, that can prevent cancer and prolong survival. Mitochondria, the central site for cellular energy production, have important functions in cell survival and death. Several studies have revealed a significant role for mitochondrial metabolism in promoting cancer development and progression, making mitochondria a promising new target for cancer prevention. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/xl413-bms-863233.html https://www.selleckchem.com/products/xl413-bms-863233.html] Conjugating delocalized lipophilic cations such triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+) to compounds of interest is an effective approach for mitochondrial targeting. The hyperpolarized tumor cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential allow for selective accumulation of TPP+ conjugates in tumor cell mitochondria versus those in normal cells. This could enhance direct killing of pre-cancerous, dysplastic, and tumor cells while minimizing potential toxicities to normal cells.Women are anticipated to go through more than two rounds of cervical screening in their lifetime. Human papillomavirus(HPV) testing is increasingly used as the primary cervical cancer screening test. However, triage strategies for HPV positive women were usually evaluated at baseline screening. We assessed the effect of sequential rounds of cervical screening on several algorithms for HPV triage. 1997 women aged 35-45 years were enrolled in 1999 in Shanxi, China and followed up three times at approximately five-year intervals. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse(CIN2+) prevalence by prior HPV results and performance of twelve triage algorithms with cytology, genotyping and prior HPV were examined among 229 HPV positive women at the fourth round. CIN2+ prevalence varied from 56.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 36.8-74.4%) following 15 years HPV persistence to 3.5% (1.2-9.9%) with an incident HPV within 15 years. Triage with cytology (with threshold of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) yielded positive predictive value(PPV) of 21.4%(13.8-29.0%), entailing immediate colposcopic referral, and negative predictive value(NPV) of 97.4%(94.6-100.0%), permitting re-testing at short intervals. Triage with genotyping (16/18/31/33/45/52/58) or prior HPV results showed comparable performance to cytology. Among 11 triage algorithms with similar NPV to cytology, triage with prior HPV results and reflex genotyping (16/18) achieved highest PPV of 28.9% (18.8-39.1%) and lowest colposcopy referral of 33.2% (27.4-39.5%). HPV persistence across rounds is an effective risk stratifier in HPV positive women. Mainstream cytology and genotyping, with or without consideration of prior HPV results, remain effective for HPV triage at fourth round.This study aimed to investigate the association of IgG glycosylation and esophageal precancerosis for squamous cell carcinoma and determine its role in inflammation. Primary glycans selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were validated using univariate and multivariate logistics models plus restricted cubic spline functions. In total, 24 direct glycans and 27 derived traits were detected, among which four glycans and three derived traits were primarily selected. Then, GP5 (adjusted OR 0.805), GP17 (adjusted OR 1.305), G12n (adjusted OR 1.271), Gal_1 (adjusted OR 0.776) and Fuc (adjusted OR 0.737) were validated and significantly associated with esophageal precancerosis. In addition, there was a consistent positive association in GP17 and G12n and a negative association in GP5, Gal_1, and Fuc by restricted cubic spline function. Compared with esophageal inflammation, GP17, G12n, and Fuc were still independently associated with precancerosis. In brief, the IgG glycosylation profile was independently associated with esophageal precancerosis beyond inflammation, which could be an early biomarker for esophageal cancer. PREVENTION RELEVANCE IgG glycosylation profile is associated with esophageal precancerosis and specific IgG glycans involves in the early stage of esophageal cancer, which is independent of inflammation.<br /><br /> Hypertension is known as one of the most important non-communicable pervasive diseases.<br /><br /> The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a mobile-based educational app on the blood pressure (BP) of patients with hypertension.<br /><br /> This clinical trial was conducted on 66 military personnel who were definitively diagnosed with hypertension by a physician, and then assigned randomly into two groups as intervention (receiving mobile-based educational app) and control (receiving standard medical management but no app). Before the intervention, BP levels of both groups were measured with a calibrated sphygmomanometer. After 6 weeks, the BPs of both groups were remeasured using the same sphygmomanometer. Thereafter, descriptive and inferential statistics, including paired t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Wilcoxon tests, were used. The data obtained were analysed using SPSS-21 software at a significance level of p&lt;0.05.<br /><br /> Comparison of the intervention and control groups showed no statistically significant difference between the groups in systolic BP (p=0.