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Internet is being used extensively throughout the world from last decade. In India internet service has entered into new generation called 4G. Medical students are particularly vulnerable group for problematic internet use on account of the time they spend online. This might have negative effects on their physical, psychological and social health. Hence they are more prone to internet addiction.<br /><br /> To compare use and effect of internet service among medical students before and after the availability of 4G service.<br /><br /> Institution based cross sectional study.<br /><br /> Predesigned validated questionnaires were provided to the medical students in the year 2014. The questionnaire included demographics, pattern of internet use and Young's internet addiction test. Again in the year 2018 the similar procedure was carried out after introduction of 4G service. The data was collected and compared. Analysis was done using SPSS 25.<br /><br /> Descriptive statistics, Chi<br /><br /> test and Mann-Whitney test was applied.<br /><br /> Among 424 medical students 207 students were assessed in the year 2014 and 217 students in 2018.There was a significant change of pattern of use. Also significant increase in number of female users and severity of internet addiction in 2018. The ill effect of internet was on rise after availability of 4G service.<br /><br /> The prevalence of internet addiction and its ill effect on behavior among medical students was higher after availability of 4G service in same college. So appropriate preventive and interventional strategies need to be developed in professional institutions.<br /><br />The prevalence of internet addiction and its ill effect on behavior among medical students was higher after availability of 4G service in same college. So appropriate preventive and interventional strategies need to be developed in professional institutions.<br /><br /> The aim of this study was to discuss the status of and perspective for biomarker validation in view of the challenges imposed on national healthcare systems due to an increasing number of citizens with chronic diseases and new expensive drugs with effects that are sometimes poorly documented. The demand for a paradigm shift toward stratification of patients or even 'personalized medicine' (PM) is rising, and the implementation of such novel strategies has the potential to increase patient outcomes and cost efficiency of treatments. The implementation of PM depends on relevant and reliable biomarkers correlated to disease states, prognosis, or effect of treatment. Beyond biomarkers of disease, personalized prevention strategies (such as individualized nutrition guidance) are likely to depend on novel biomarkers.<br /><br /> We discuss the current status of the use of biomarkers and the need for standardization and integration of biomarkers based on multi-omics approaches.<br /><br /> We present representative cases from laborats, of biomarkers among policy makers, clinicians, and scientists, and efforts securing effective validation are key to the future use of novel sets of complex biomarkers.<br /><br />There is a great public health need for better understanding of the usefulness, but also limitations, of biomarkers among policy makers, clinicians, and scientists, and efforts securing effective validation are key to the future use of novel sets of complex biomarkers.<br /><br /> A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) reached pandemic levels by March 11th, 2020, with a destructive impact across socioeconomic domains and all facets of global health, but little is known of its impact on sexual health.<br /><br /> To review current knowledge on sexual health-related containment measures during pandemics, specifically COVID-19, and focus on 2 main areas intimacy and relational dynamics and clinical effects on sexual health.<br /><br /> We carried out a literature search encompassing sexual health and pandemic issues using Entrez-PubMed and Google Scholar. We reviewed the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual health regarding transmission and safe sex practices, pregnancy, dating and intimacy amid the pandemic, benefits of sex, and impact on sexual dysfunctions.<br /><br /> Coronavirus transmission occurs via inhalation and touching infected surfaces. Currently, there is no evidence it is sexually transmitted, but there are sexual behaviors that pose a higher risk of infectivity due to asymptomatic carriers. Nonmonl. Sexual Health Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic. Sex Med Rev 2021;93-14.<br /><br />Increased awareness of health-care providers on sexual health implications related to the COVID-19 pandemic is needed. Telemedicine has an imperative role in allowing continued support at times of lockdown and preventing worsening of the sexual, mental, and physical health after the pandemic. This is a broad overview addressing sexual issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic. As this is an unprecedented global situation, little is known on sexuality related to pandemics. Original research is needed on the topic to increase the understanding of the impact the current pandemic may have on sexual health and function. Pennanen-Iire C, Prereira-Lourenço M, Padoa A, et al. Sexual Health Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic. Sex Med Rev 2021;93-14.<br /><br /> The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of an iodine-125 (<br /><br /> I) seed strand combined with a metal stent compared with a metal stent for treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).<br /><br /> A retrospective analysis was carried out of patients who were referred to Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University with a diagnosis of PDAC between January 1, 2010 and January 31, 2019. A total of 110 consecutive patients with obstructive jaundice caused by PDAC were divided into the iodine-125 seed strand combined with a metal stent group (Group A=48) and the metal stent group (Group B=62). The primary outcome was stent obstruction-free survival time, and secondary outcomes were overall survival and complications.<br /><br /> The median stent obstruction-free survival time was 133.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 166.093-149.907) days, and the median overall survival was 212.0 (95% CI 187.183-236.817) days in all patients. Median stent obstruction-free survival time was 175days (00). The Grade 3 or 4 complications occurred in 4 (8.3%) of the 48 patients in Group A (one case of hemobilia, one case of liver abscess, two cases of choleperitonitis) and in 5 (8.1%) of the 62 patients in Group B (one case of hemobilia, two cases of liver abscess, two cases of choleperitonitis) (p= 0.972).<br /><br /> Implantation of an iodine-125 seed strand combined with a metal stent provides longer obstruction-free survival time compared with a metal stent in patients with obstructive jaundice caused by PDAC. It seems reasonable to choose an iodine-125 seed strand combined with a metal stent as a treatment for these patients.<br /><br />Implantation of an iodine-125 seed strand combined with a metal stent provides longer obstruction-free survival time compared with a metal stent in patients with obstructive jaundice caused by PDAC. It seems reasonable to choose an iodine-125 seed strand combined with a metal stent as a treatment for these patients.Computational modeling and simulation are commonly used during the development of cardiovascular implants to predict peak strains and strain amplitudes and to estimate the associated durability and fatigue life of these devices. However, simulation validation has historically relied on comparison with surrogate quantities like force and displacement due to barriers to direct strain measurement-most notably, the small spatial scale of these devices. We demonstrate the use of microscale two-dimensional digital image correlation (2D-DIC) to directly characterize full-field surface strains on a nitinol medical device coupon under emulated physiological and hyperphysiological loading. Experiments are performed using a digital optical microscope and a custom, temperature-controlled load frame. Following applicable recommendations from the International DIC Society, hardware and environmental heating studies, noise floor analyses, and in- and out-of-plane rigid body translation studies are first performed to charactdictions, and guiding the development of next-generation material models for simulating superelastic nitinol.Biocomposites comprise highly stiff reinforcement elements connected by a compliant matrix material. While the interfacial elastic properties of these biocomposites play a key role in determining the mechanical properties of the entire biocomposite, these properties cannot be measured directly from standard nanomechanical experiments. Developing a method for extracting the interfacial elastic properties in biocomposites is, therefore, a major objective of cutting-edge biomaterials science. Here, using mechanical modeling and Finite-Element simulations, we analyze the interfacial force-depth relationships, stress distribution, and indentation modulus of standard nanoindentation testing in biocomposites, and we establish an analytical framework that connects these results to the elastic properties of the underlying matrix and reinforcement components. The resulting analytical framework is general and holds for a broad range of biocomposites, thus enabling a deeper understanding of the mechanical characteristics of functional interfaces in various biomaterials. Moreover, this framework can be adapted to account for synthetic, microscale, and nanoscale composite materials, and thereby promotes the development of advanced interfacial configurations with specialized mechanical capabilities.Chromatin functions are influenced by the addition, removal, and recognition of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pkm2-inhibitor-compound-3k.html PKM2 inhibitor cost] Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like (UBL) PTMs on histone proteins can function as signaling molecules by mediating protein-protein interactions. Fueled by the identification of novel ubiquitin and UBL sites and the characterization of the writers, erasers, and readers, the breadth of chromatin functions associated with ubiquitin signaling is emerging. Here, we highlight recently appreciated roles for histone ubiquitination in DNA methylation control, PTM crosstalk, nucleosome structure, and phase separation. We also discuss the expanding diversity and functions associated with histone UBL modifications. We conclude with a look toward the future and pose key questions that will drive continued discovery at the interface of epigenetics and ubiquitin signaling.<br /><br /> Vitamin D deficiency is a pandemic disorder affecting over 1 billion of subjects worldwide. Calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D) represents the perpetrator of the several systemic effects of vitamin D, including the anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic actions, potentially preventing acute cardiovascular ischemic events. Variability in the transformation of vitamin D into 1,25(OH)2D has been suggested to modulate its cardioprotective benefits, however, the determinants of the levels of calcitriol and their impact on the cardiovascular risk have been seldom addressed and were, therefore, the aim of the present study.<br /><br /> A consecutive cohort of patients undergoing coronary angiography for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were included. The levels of 25 and 1,25(OH)2 D were assessed at admission by chemiluminescence immunoassay kit LIAISON® Vitamin D assay (Diasorin Inc) and LIAISON® XL. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as 25(OH)D&lt;10ng/ml, whereas calcitriol deficiency as 1,25(OH)2D&lt;19.9pg/ml. We included in our study 228 patients, divided according to median values of 1,25(OH)2D (&lt;or ≥ 41.