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Radiation beams precisely directed at a tumor can attenuate the radiation to contiguous tissues. Image-guided radiation therapy using fiducials allows accurate delineation of tumor location. Traditionally, fiducials in the prostate have been placed by urologists or radiation oncologists. With the evolution of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), fiducials have been successfully placed under the EUS guidance in different organs. In this case series, fiducials were placed in 3 patients with prostate cancer. All patients completed their radiation therapy, and no complications were reported except mild dysuria in one case. EUS-guided fiducial placement is safe and offers a new modality for fiducial placement in the prostate.Although many nutritional deficiencies are associated with Crohn's disease (CD), vitamin C deficiency is less frequently diagnosed and reported despite its prevalence. Vitamin C deficiency may be more difficult to diagnose in patients with CD because symptoms from active CD may overlap with scurvy. Identification of the deficiency is vital, however, because treatment can lead to swift, marked resolution of symptoms. We present a patient with long-standing CD who presented with gum bleeding and was found to have scurvy.Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) is a rare genetic disease often causing episodes of jaundice since childhood. Its triggering factors are still unknown. Hyperthyroidism solely is an infrequent cause of jaundice, and it was never described in association with BRIC. In this article, we reported a woman presenting with a new episode of BRIC and was found to have concomitant hyperthyroidism in the absence of any other potential trigger factor. We conclude that hyperthyroidism may trigger cholestasis in patients with BRIC.We present a 42-year-old woman who developed colo-colonic intussusception of the transverse colon near the hepatic flexure within a few hours after a routine colonoscopy. After conservative management with pain medication and hydration, her symptoms completely resolved within 24 hours. Colonic intussusception after a colonoscopy is rare, and the present case describes the most conservative approach leading to a complete resolution of symptoms.Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage is an intervention for obstructive jaundice that, although effective in decreasing bilirubin levels, often leads to depletion of regular bile acids that subsequently cause malabsorption, diarrhea, and acute kidney injury. Bile reinfusion (BR) is a method of enteral refeeding of biliary secretions to replenish innate bile acids to the patient. In addition, BR is a low-cost alternative to exogenous bile acid replacement and abates the need for inpatient fluid resuscitation. We report oral BR in a patient with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage due to choledocholithiasis and review the literature on BR.Heterotopic pancreas is pancreatic tissue present outside of the normal location of the pancreas. In the presence of cystic degeneration, heterotopic pancreas is clinically significant because of the symptoms it causes and its physical resemblance to cancerous growth. A diagnosis of heterotopic pancreas is achieved with the aid of various endoscopic techniques for tissue removal. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection has proven successful for the resection of gastric subepithelial masses. We present a 53-year-old woman undergoing submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for the resection of a subepithelial gastric cyst caused by heterotopic pancreas with cystic degeneration.Colorectal anastomotic strictures are a well-known complication of low anterior resection. Depending on their location, strictures are amendable to different forms of endoscopic intervention. However, all endoscopic interventions are contingent on passing a guidewire across the anastomotic stricture. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Gefitinib.html Gefitinib clinical trial] We present the case of a patient with a complete anastomotic stricture that could not be traversed by conventional endoscopy and the unique method by which a lumen was created in the anastomotic strictures that allowed for a guidewire to be passed across.Cancer treatment has taken giant strides in recent years with the advent of immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors. The use of these medications in liver transplant recipients has been debated, and the added effect of previous hepatitis C infection on the immune system in this setting, is poorly understood. We present a case of cholestatic hepatitis after the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma with nivolumab in the post-transplant period. Understanding the pathophysiology is relevant to improving the management of this type of liver injury and expanding our knowledge of programmed death-1 inhibitors in liver transplant recipients.<br /><br /> Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide but can be a treatable retinal disease with appropriate and timely diagnosis. This study was performed to develop a robust intelligent system based on deep learning to automatically classify the severity of ROP from fundus images and detect the stage of ROP and presence of plus disease to enable automated diagnosis and further treatment.<br /><br /> A total of 36,231 fundus images were labeled by 13 licensed retinal experts. A 101-layer convolutional neural network (ResNet) and a faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster-RCNN) were trained for image classification and identification. We applied a 10-fold cross-validation method to train and optimize our algorithms. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were assessed in a four-degree classification task to evaluate the performance of the intelligent system. The performance of the system was compared with results obtained by two retinal experts. Moreover, the systeme four-level classification fundus images with high accuracy and specificity. The performance of the system was comparable to or better than that of human experts, demonstrating that this system could be used to support clinical decisions.<br /><br /> MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in corneal development and functional homeostasis. Our previous study identified miR-184 as one of the most highly expressed miRNAs in the corneal epithelium. Even though its expression level plummeted dramatically during corneal epithelial wound healing (CEWH), its precise role in mediating corneal epithelial renewal was unresolved. The present study aimed to reveal the function and mechanism of miR-184 in regulating CEWH.<br /><br /> Quantitative RT-PCR analysis characterized the miR-184 expression pattern during CEWH in mice. Ectopic miR-184 injection determined its effect on this process in vivo. We evaluated the effects of miR-184 and its target genes on the proliferation, cell cycle, and migration of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) using MTS, flow cytometry, and wound-healing assay, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis, in conjunction with gene microarray analysis and cell-based luciferase assays, pinpointed gene targets of miR-184 contributing to CEWH.<br /><br /> MiR-184 underwent marked downregulation during mouse CEWH.