Zobrazení zdroje stránky Phelpsfagan1525

Ensete superbum Roxb. Cheesman (wild banana) is used as therapeutic edible by various ethnic groups around the world. The antioxidant potential of ethanolic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of E. superbum ripe peel, seed, flower, and bract was tested using in vitro and ex vivo models, and their polyphenolic constituents were determined by RP-HPLC and LC/MS-ESI-TOF. E. superbum extracts were rich in anthocyanins, flavonols, flavone, biflavonoid, and phenolic acid derivatives. The Partial Least Square Regression analysis highlighted the contribution of individual phenolics toward the antioxidant activity. Bract aqueous extract demonstrated best antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging activity assay (IC50 of 21.97 μg/ml), Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay (207.97 µM TE/g) with highest Antioxidant Activity Index (1.79), and showed the highest cellular antioxidant activity (67.02 µM quercetin equivalents/g) in Caco2 cells. These findings highlight the potential of E. superbum as valuable source of natural antioxidants, which can be used as pharmaceutical and functional food ingredient. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Wild banana has been used as a medicinal plant for ages throughout the world. However, the systematic analysis of its constituents and their beneficial effect is lacking. Our approach to search the effective plant part showed that the bioactive ingredients are concentrated in aqueous extracts of bracts. This study provides a basis for the antioxidant mechanisms of various wild banana plant parts, and will promote the utilization of an under-utilized wild edible plant.Palladium (Pd) is a trace metal of the platinum group elements, representing an emerging contaminant for the environment. It is of great interest to characterize the bioaccumulation and toxicity of Pd to improve our toxicological knowledge for this contaminant. Under standardized toxicity testing conditions, we analyzed Pd accumulation and toxicity effects on the duckweed Lemna minor exposed to nominal concentrations from 2 to 50 µM. The inhibitory effect was significant (p  less then  0.05) from 8 µM of Pd, starting with 9.5% of growth inhibition and a decrease of 1 cm for the root size. Under 12.5 μM of Pd, the bioaccumulated Pd of 63.93 µg/g fresh weight inhibited plant growth by 37.4%, which was caused by a strong oxidative stress in the cytosol and organelles containing DNA. Under 25 and 50 μM of Pd, bioaccumulated Pd was able to deteriorate the entire plant physiology including chlorophyll synthesis, the photosystem II antenna complex, and the photochemical reactions of photosynthesis. In fact, plants treated with 50 μM Pd accumulated Pd up to 255.95 µg/g fresh weight, causing a strong decrease in total biomass and root elongation process. Therefore, we showed several growth, physiological, and biochemical alterations which were correlated with the bioaccumulation of Pd. These alterations constituted toxicity biomarkers of Pd with different lowest-observed-effect dose, following this order root size = growth inhibition  less then  catalase activity = carotenoid content = reactive oxygen species production = total thiols  less then  chlorophyll a/b = variable fluorescence to maximal fluorescence intensity ratio = absorbed-light energy transfer from the chlorophyll a antenna to the photosystem II reaction center = performance index of photosystem II activity  less then  VJ . Therefore, the present study provides insight into the toxicity mechanism of Pd in L. minor plants under standardized testing conditions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;401630-1638. © 2021 SETAC.Effects of the compositions of lignocellulosic substrate including hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and protein on the glucosamine content in biomass of Trichoderma reesei TISTR3080 were studied. A synthetic solid surface media containing different ratios of xylan (hemicellulose), carboxymethyl cellulose (cellulose), lignin, and various concentrations of yeast extract (source of protein) were used to cultivated T. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/iacs-13909.html IACS-13909 purchase] reesei. Regression analysis identified significant individual and interaction factors that affected glucosamine quantity in T. reesei biomass. A regression model was developed to estimate the glucosamine content in biomass of T. reesei from the compositions of the lignocellulosic substrate. An acceptable error (not more than 10%) of the regression model was obtained from validation with the experimental results of glucosamine content in biomass of T. reesei cultivated on lignocellulosic solid surface media made from copra waste and banana peel.All terrestrial ectotherms are constrained to some degree by their thermal environment and the extent to which they can behaviorally buffer variable thermal conditions. New biophysical modeling methods (NicheMapR) allow the calculation of the body temperature of thermoregulating animals anywhere in the world from first principles, but require detailed observational data for parameterization and testing. Here we describe the thermoregulatory biology of marching bands of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, in the Sahara Desert of Mauritania where extreme heat and strong diurnal fluctuations are a major constraint on activity and physiological processes. Using a thermal infrared camera in the field, we showed that gregarious nymphs altered the microhabitats they used, as well as postural thermoregulatory behaviors, to maintain relatively high body temperature (nearly 40°C). Field and laboratory experiments demonstrated that the preferred body temperature accelerated digestive rates. Migratory bands frequently left foraging sites with full guts before consuming all vegetation and moved to another habitat before emptying their foregut. Thus, the repertoire for behavioral thermoregulation in the desert locust strongly facilitates foraging and digestion rates, which may accelerate developmental rates and increase survival. We used our data to successfully parameterize a general biophysical model of thermoregulatory behavior that could capture hourly body temperature and activity at our remote site using globally available environmental forcing data. This modeling approach provides a stronger basis for forecasting thermal constraints on locust outbreaks under current and future climates.<br /><br /> This study explores the influence of team mindfulness on nurses' presenteeism. The mediation effect of perceived empathic concern and perceived insider status and the moderating effect of organisational formalization are assessed.<br /><br /> Nurses are prone to presenteeism. Few studies have explored the influence of the organisational environment on nurses' presenteeism. Studies that consider organisational, work-related and person-related factors on the decision-making process influencing nurses' presenteeism are scarce.<br /><br /> Using a cross-sectional survey, data from 396 nurses were gathered from three time points and multiple regression analyses were used to test each hypothesis.<br /><br /> (a) Team mindfulness reduces nurses' presenteeism. (b) Both perceived empathic concern and perceived insider status mediate the relationship between team mindfulness and nurses' presenteeism. (c) Organisational formalization exerts a positive moderating effect on the relationship between team mindfulness and perceived empathic concern.<br /><br /> Team mindfulness reduces nurses' presenteeism through affective (perceived empathic concern) and cognitive (perceived insider status) sensemaking paths. Organisational formalization is a situational factor to improve the effectiveness of team mindfulness.<br /><br /> Nurse managers need to devote themselves to cultivating team mindfulness, building an atmosphere to promote perceived empathic concern and perceived insider status, and promoting a formal organisational structure.<br /><br />Nurse managers need to devote themselves to cultivating team mindfulness, building an atmosphere to promote perceived empathic concern and perceived insider status, and promoting a formal organisational structure.<br /><br /> Coronary sinus (CS) narrowing by reducer implantation has emerged as a safe and effective therapy for patients suffering from refractory angina. However, data regarding the clinical benefit of this treatment over time is lacking.<br /><br /> Patients undergoing successful reducer implantation were enrolled prospectively to clinical registries at three medical centers. Those with more than 2-years of follow-up were included in the present analysis. Peri-procedural data, data regarding adverse events, and current evaluation of angina severity (Canadian Cardiovascular Society [CCS] class) were collected.<br /><br /> Overall, 99 consecutive patients (77% males, mean age 69.8 ± 9.4) with severe angina were enrolled between September 2010 and October 2017 and included in the present analysis. No procedure-related complications were recorded. During a median follow up time of 3.38 years (IQR 2.95-4.40), 15.1% of the patients died, 9% experienced myocardial infarction (MI) and 21% underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Mean CCS class was 3.1 ± 0.5 at baseline, improved to 1.66 ± 0.8 at 1 year (p &lt; .001), and remained low through 2-years and at last follow up (1.72 ± 0.8 and 1.71 ± 0.8, p &gt; 0.5 for both, in comparison to 1 year). At baseline 91% of patients reported severe disabling angina (CCS class 3-4), at 1 year only 17.9% suffered from disabling angina, p &lt; .001, and this portion remained low overtime (19% at last follow up).<br /><br /> Long-term mortality of patients undergoing reducer implantation is similar to that reported for patients with stable coronary artery disease. The previously reported short-term efficacy of the reducer, reflected by significant improvement of angina symptoms, is maintained over time.<br /><br />Long-term mortality of patients undergoing reducer implantation is similar to that reported for patients with stable coronary artery disease. The previously reported short-term efficacy of the reducer, reflected by significant improvement of angina symptoms, is maintained over time.The effect of gum arabic (GA) coating was studied on apricot fruit at 20 ± 1°C for 8 days. GA coating substantially reduced weight loss, disease incidence, malondialdehyde concentration, and hydrogen peroxide compared to the control. GA coating resulted in significantly higher total phenols, ascorbic acid, and antioxidant activity in contrast to the control. GA coating also suppressed cellulase, pectin methylesterase, and polygalacturonase activity in contrast to the non-coated fruit. In addition, GA-coated apricot fruit had substantially higher catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase enzymes activities in contrast with the control. Similarly, GA coating inhibited soluble solids content increase and inhibited the reduction in titratable acidity in coated fruit. The fruit coated with GA coating also had significantly better sensory and overall eating quality compared to the control apricots. In conclusion, GA could be considered an appropriate edible coating for quality conservation of apricots. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Apricot is a well renowned and nutrients rich fruit. However, apricot has comparatively short shelf life potential due to its susceptibility to rapid senescence and deterioration under ambient conditions. GA is an eco-friendly and biodegradable coating which is considered relatively cheap as compared with other coating types. In our present work, application of gum arabic [GA (10%)] edible coating maintained significantly higher quality of harvested apricot fruit as compared with the control. The outcomes of the present work are of global significance with respect to apricot industry. So, GA coating could be considered an appropriate edible coating for quality conservation of the harvested apricot fruit.