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Recently, the use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) has witnessed a significant increase worldwide. Although most of these pregnancies have a good prognosis, studies show that ART is associated with a risk of obstetric and perinatal complications, compared to pregnancies conceived spontaneously. It is considered that the risk is directly proportional to the number of transferred embryos, thus multiple pregnancies are an independent risk factor that supports the large-scale implementation of single embryo transfer protocols. Simultaneously, studies report obstetric and perinatal complications in singleton pregnancies obtained after ART and it is not possible to establish whether parental or procedural factors are the causal determinants. The purpose of this article is to summarize the risk of maternal-fetal complications associated with ART.Hormones are secreted by the endocrine glands and reach their targets after circulating in the blood. Many studies have documented that erythrocytes can bind hormones, and possible interactions have been reported. Erythrocytes are responsive to signaling initiated after binding of epinephrine, norepinephrine, estrogen, progesterone, thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormone, and angiotensin. Signaling results in regulation of cellular metabolism and membrane fluidity. In addition, erythrocytes are circulating pools for dopamine, thyroid hormones, cortisol, and aldosterone. Erythrocyte function and structure are regulated by endocrine signals, while erythrocytes are important constituents for the transport of hormones in the body.Radiomics, a subdomain of artificial intelligence, consists in extracting a large volume of data from all medical imaging techniques and correlating them with clinical data in order to build predictive and prognostic models. Radiomics is related to radiogenomics that correlates genetic mutations and molecular and biological characteristics of tissues with information extracted from medical imaging. Both are state-of-the-art fields of translational biomedical research. The ability to predict early patient survival and response to treatment, but also the capacity to identify tumor subtypes non-invasively, could make radiomics a key player with an essential role in personalized oncology. In head and neck cancer radiotherapy, radiomic algorithms can predict not only the response to radiochemotherapy or induction chemotherapy but also the need for planning through adaptive radiotherapy (ART). Radiomics can also predict the risk of severe toxicities, especially that of xerostomia. Given the benefit that a de-escalation of treatment can bring in selected cases to improve the quality of life, radiomics is expected to be part of the therapeutic decision for head and neck cancers in the near future, and may help identify cases where de-escalation of multimodal therapy will not jeopardize the therapeutic benefit.Cardiac amyloidosis (amyloid cardiomyopathy, CA) is an increasingly diagnosed condition which is most frequently seen in older patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction as well as in those with biventricular hypertrophies and tight aortic stenosis (AS). Almost 15% of patients with tight AS can also have CA ATTR, an element with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic significance. The CA diagnostic, associated with AS or not, is laborious and it should be made on the basis of determining the severity of the associated AS, depending on the case. The presence of both ventricular hypertrophy (≥15 mm) and red flags indicates a high suspicion of CA. Extra tests, bone scintigraphy and an absence of light free chains in blood or urine have a high specificity and sensitivity for diagnostic. Genetic investigations identify the senile or hereditary ATTR type. Pharmacologic treatment of CA with heart failure has some peculiarities, including stopping or careful usage of beta-blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium blockers, and angiotensin system inhibitors. Diuretic treatment, which is almost always necessary, must preserve euvolemia. Replacing the aortic valves through transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is recommended in tight AS associated with CA. The comparative results between the two methods of AVR favor TAVR, although perioperative complications are more frequent when the latter is used. Ongoing comparative studies of TAVR versus SAVR could define the options. Lately, pharmacological agents targeting CA ATTR can significantly change the management of ATTR amyloidosis.BackgroundThe lateral canals are pathways for bacteria and their products to pass between the root canal and the periradicular tissue. Objectives The present study aims to compare the filling ability of the lateral canals with three calcium silicate based sealers, including MTA Fillapex, Endoseal MTA and Sure-Seal Root, and AH26 epoxy resin sealer in the presence and absence of the smear layer. Materials and methodsSix lateral canals were prepared using an engine reamer in 80 single-rooted human teeth. The root canals were cleaned, then the teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, the smearlayer was removed using 17% EDTA and 5.25% NaOCl, and in group B, the canals were irrigated with normal saline. Groups A and B were divided into four subgroups each, according to the sealer used A1, B1 (MTA Fillapex sealer), A2, B2 (Endoseal MTA sealer), A3, B3 (Sure-Seal Root sealer), and A4, B4 (AH26 sealer). Obturation of canals was conducted by the warm vertical technique and then teeth were incubated for 72 hours. Teeth were made clear and the filling of lateral canals were evaluated under stereomicroscope. ResultsIn group A, the highest lateral canals filling rate was in subgroup A2 and the lowest in subgroup A1, and the difference was statistically significant. However, in both groups, the highest lateral canals filling rate was in subgroups B2 and B3 and the lowest in subgroup B1. However, the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, no significant difference was observed in the lateral canals filling rate considering their position in the root. ConclusionProviding the removal of the smear layer, calcium silicate-based sealers, Endoseal MTA and Sure-Seal Root had a higher ability to fill the lateral canals than AH26 and MTA fillapex sealers.BackgroundOne of the leading causes of death in patients with breast cancer is delays in help-seeking, which is influenced by various factors, including social factors such as cancer stigma. ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the relationship between perceived stigma and delay in seeking help for women with breast cancer. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 140 women with breast cancer referred to Besat Clinic in Rasht, Iran, were included. The data gathering tools included a demographic questionnaire, a cancer stigma questionnaire and a delay questionnaire completed through interviews with patients. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software V.21 and the descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using correlation coefficient, chi-square test, logistic regression, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. ResultsIn this study, 72.1% of patients were aged between 39 and 57 years, with a mean age of 47.99±8.03 years; 34.3% and 16.4% of patients delayed seeking help between 30 and 90 days, and more than 90 days (with mean±SD of 75.35±165.19), respectively. Breast cancer stigma was present in 45% of patients. Delay in seeking help based on stigma was significant (P less then 0.001). Due to multiple logistic regression, the association between stigma and delayed relief was significant (P less then 0.01), so that in women suffering from breast cancer with stigma, the chance of delaying seeking help was 5.7 times (OR 5/706, Cl 95% 1.381-23.572) higher than women without stigma. ConclusionStigma may be a factor in delaying the screening of women with breast cancer. Therefore, it is recommended that the health care team considers stigma as one of the most important psychological aspects of breast cancer, which may have an impact on patients' delay in seeking help. It should also be considered in the process of diagnosis, treatment counseling, and patient follow-up.Background Infertility requires long term care and treatments which would influence different aspects of health, including emotional problems such as anger, depression, mental health and psychological issues, social isolation and withdrawal as well as low self-esteem. The present study was conducted to determine strategies for the diagnosis and management of infertile women's quality of life in the Iranian health system. Materials and methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 59 infertile women. It was a questionnaire-based study and all data analyses were done using SPSS version 22 statistical software. Results The majority of gynecologists (88.14%) approved all three management strategies that were used for diagnosis and management of infertile women's quality of life. The first and third management strategy obtained the highest (86.44%) and lowest (3.39%) scores, respectively. There was a significant relationship between our management strategies and the scoring of gynecologists (P=0.010). Also, there was a significant relationship (P=0.001) between the order of our management strategies and gynecologists' prioritization. Conclusion Based on the results of the present study, it is expected that health officials and practitioners should be able to identify infertile women and even women at high risk of infertility and provide the necessary training and classes as well as individual and medical consultations.Obesity is now considered a "new world syndrome" because it is affecting developed and developing nations in all classes of people. Pancreatic lipase (PL) is the key enzyme for absorption of dietary lipids. Excessive consumption of cafeteria foods leads to obesity. Nutmeg is being used as a spice and it has many medicinal values. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hs-10296.html HS10296] We aimed to see whether nutmeg could be used as a potential source of new lipase inhibitors and to explore its molecular mechanism in obesity. An in vitro study, which was performed to check its anti-lipase activity, showed a potent lipase inhibition (66.24%). A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was carried out to identify new compounds, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) with MW 536 at RT 15.2 min was isolated. A molecular docking study, that was carried out to check the interaction between THF and PL, found a PL inhibitory action of tetrahydrofuran. A further in vivo study was conducted to see PL inhibition. The percentage of fecal fat was higher in nutmeg treated rats. The size and number of adipose tissue fat cells were also decreased after treatment with nutmeg extract, which pointed to the inhibition of PL by the newly identified compound, THF. These four different types of studies suggested that nutmeg could potentially inhibit pancreatic lipase.Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the method of learning in medical education and forced us to switch over to the online mode of learning. The aim of the present study was to assess students' opinion on online learning in the time of COVID-19. MethodThis is a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted among undergraduate medical students. The closed, open-ended and validated questionnaires were administered to students to get feedback on utility, feasibility, suitability, effectiveness online learning as well as problems faced during e-learning and suggested solutions to them. ResultsAbout 62.7% of undergraduates had internet access. Sixty seven percent of undergraduates were willing to actively communicate with their classmates and instructors electronically, whereas 64.9% of students were communicating online comfortably. Also, 82.20% of students were able to clear their doubt from teacher whenever required. Only 38 (20.5%) of students had equated online learning from home to conventional lectures in a lecture hall.