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62±4.59 mL was used for the routine-dose group. The low-dose group's computed tomography values were significantly different from those of the routine-dose group (P&lt;0.05). The radiologists demonstrated agreement regarding diagnostic image quality and accuracy (kappa =0.91 and 0.85, respectively).<br /><br /> Using 30 mL of contrast media for coronary computed tomography angiography in patients with a body surface area &lt;1.7 m<br /><br /> provided a suitable diagnostic image quality for coronary artery disease diagnosis. Although radiation doses were similar between the groups, the decreased contrast media volume was likely beneficial for the patients.<br /><br />Using 30 mL of contrast media for coronary computed tomography angiography in patients with a body surface area less then 1.7 m2 provided a suitable diagnostic image quality for coronary artery disease diagnosis. Although radiation doses were similar between the groups, the decreased contrast media volume was likely beneficial for the patients.<br /><br /> The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to construct and validate a nomogram to predict its occurrence with node-for-node histopathological validation.<br /><br /> Our prediction model was developed between March 2015 and August 2016 using a prospective primary cohort (32 patients, mean age 57.3 years) that included 324 lymph nodes (LNs) from MR images with node-for-node histopathological validation. We evaluated multiple MRI variables, and a multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predictive nomogram. The performance of the nomogram was assessed with respect to its calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness. The performance of the nomogram in predicting LNM was validated in an independent clinical validation cohort comprising 182 consecutive patients.<br /><br /> The predictors included in the individualized prediction nomogram were chemical shift effect (CSE), nonce to rectal cancer or rectal wall, can be conveniently applied in clinical practice to facilitate the prediction of LNM in patients with rectal cancer.<br /><br /> Liver elastography with virtual touch quantification (VTQ) measures the velocity of the shear wave generated by a short-duration acoustic force impulse, with values expressed in units of velocity (m/s). VTQ can evaluate right or left hepatic lobes separately. VTQ might be appropriate for the evaluation of future remnant liver after hepatectomy.<br /><br /> We analyzed 95 patients underwent liver elastography with VTQ and both future remnant liver and resected side before hepatectomy of more than two sections, except for central bisectionectomy. We divided the patients into a high VTQ group (≥1.52 m/s, n=37, 39%) and a low VTQ group (&lt;1.52 m/s, n=58, 61%) according to the VTQ of future remnant liver. Transient elastography could not be performed in 22 cases due to tumor size. We defined the group with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥7.9 kPa as the high LSM group (n=29, 40%) and those with LSM &lt;7.9 kPa as the low LSM group (n=44, 60%). We investigated the outcome after hepatectomy and the correlations between remnant liver before major hepatectomy is an accurate and useful method as a preoperative evaluation.<br /><br />Elastography with VTQ for future remnant liver before major hepatectomy is an accurate and useful method as a preoperative evaluation.<br /><br /> Frailty is a geriatric condition characterized by a decreased reserve. The Edmonton frailty scale (EFS) has been widely used as an assessment tool in clinical practice. However, the brain's underlying pathophysiological changes in frailty and their associations with the EFS remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the associations between brain volumetry and relaxometry signatures and the EFS (and each domain score of the EFS) in frailty.<br /><br /> A total of 40 non-demented subjects were enrolled in this prospective study. Frailty assessment was performed for each subject according to the EFS. All subjects underwent synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (MAGnetic resonance image Compilation, MAGiC) and three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient-recalled echo (3D-FSPGR) T1-weighted structural image acquisitions on a 3.0 T MR scanner. Brain segmentation was performed based on quantitative values obtained from the MAGiC and 3D-FSPGR images. Volumetry and relaxometry of the global brain and regional gray matter ( relaxometry signatures showed strong associations with the EFS and some EFS domain scores in frailty. These associations may reveal the possible underlying pathophysiology of the EFS and different domains of the EFS.<br /><br />In conclusion, brain volumetry and relaxometry signatures showed strong associations with the EFS and some EFS domain scores in frailty. These associations may reveal the possible underlying pathophysiology of the EFS and different domains of the EFS.<br /><br /> Radiation exposure computed tomography (CT) scans and the associated risk of cancer in patients have been major clinical concerns. Existing research can achieve low-dose CT imaging by reducing the X-ray current and the number of projections per rotation of the human body. However, this method may produce excessive noise and fringe artifacts in the traditional filtered back projection (FBP)-reconstructed image.<br /><br /> To solve this problem, iterative image reconstruction is a promising option to obtain high-quality images from low-dose scans. This paper proposes a patch-based regularization method based on penalized weighted least squares total variation (PWLS-PR) for iterative image reconstruction. This method uses neighborhood patches instead of single pixels to calculate the nonquadratic penalty. The proposed regularization method is more robust than the conventional regularization method in identifying random fluctuations caused by sharp edges and noise. Each iteration of the proposed algorithm can be described in the following three steps image updating via the total variation based on penalized weighted least squares (PWLS-TV), image smoothing, and pixel-by-pixel image fusion.<br /><br /> Simulation and real-world projection experiments show that the proposed PWLS-PR algorithm achieves a higher image reconstruction performance than similar algorithms. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pmx-53.html PMX-53] Through the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of simulation experiments, the effectiveness of the method is also verified.<br /><br /> Furthermore, this study shows that the PWLS-PR method reduces the amount of projection data required for repeated CT scans and has the useful potential to reduce the radiation dose in clinical medical applications.<br /><br />Furthermore, this study shows that the PWLS-PR method reduces the amount of projection data required for repeated CT scans and has the useful potential to reduce the radiation dose in clinical medical applications.