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r income levels appear to be related to a decrease in ED presentation for opioid abuse. This provides evidence for medication-assisted therapy (MAT) to be provided by low-income insurance plans.Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) program in a Tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology This study was conducted by interventional cardiology department of the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi from July 2015 to February 2020. All patients of severe aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent TAVI were included. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ABT-888.html click here] Baseline characteristics, in-hospital course and one-month follow-up data were collected. Results This study included 100 consecutive patients with severe AS undergoing TAVI. Sixty-three (63.0%) patients were males and the mean age was 67.38 ± 10.73 years. Eighty-five (85%) patients were in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV. Aortic valve mean gradient was 51.33±10.47 mmHg and 50% of patients had bicuspid aortic valves. Core valve was implanted in 86 (86%) and evolute-R aortic valve was implanted in 14 (14%) patients. TAVI was successfully done in 94% of patients. Post-deployment aortic valve mean gradient was 5.33±4.13 mmHg. Major vascular access site complications were noted in 14% and atrioventricular (AV) blocks were seen in 22% of cases. There was a significant difference in symptoms of patients before and after the procedure. Overall, eight (8%) patients expired during hospital stay. At one-month follow-up, 76% of patients were found to have no limitation of physical activities. Conclusions Results of this study showed that TAVI is a safe procedure in these high-risk patients and is an alternative to surgery for AS patients in the region.Background Revascularization of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) is challenging and debated for the last few decades. The percutaneous revascularization of SVGs was reported to have poorer long-term outcomes than native coronary artery revascularization. Purpose We aim to study the peri-procedural complications and long-term outcomes of the percutaneous revascularization of SVGs in a low-middle-income country. Methods In this retrospective study, we included 110 patients who underwent percutaneous revascularization from January 2011 to March 2020 and followed them retrospectively for long-term outcomes and major adverse cardiovascular events. Results The mean age was 71 ±9, and 81% were male. The most common reason for the presentation was non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) (46%). The mean follow-up period of the study was 48±27 months. The most common comorbidity was hypertension (86%). A drug-eluting stent (80%) was placed in most of the patients, followed by a bare-metal stent (BMS) (14%) and percutaneous balloon angioplasty (POBA) (6%). We did not find any significant difference in major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (P=0.48), target vessel revascularization (TVR) (p=0.69), and target lesion revascularization (TLR) (p=0.54) with drug-eluting stent (DES) as compared to either BMS or POBA. The mean period from coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to SVG percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was 15± 5.5 years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event, stroke, and female sex were independently associated with MACE. Conclusion The long-term outcomes of SVG PCI are not affected by the types of stents. Female gender, ACS, and stroke are the independent predictors of MACE after SVG PCI, and statin therapy has a positive impact on the long-term outcomes of SVG PCI.A case of a 45-year-old male presentation with viral pneumonia with anemia and thrombocytopenia and was admitted to COVID-19 ICU. The blood bank encountered a discrepancy in blood grouping and cross-match, which were subsequently resolved. The patient presented to the emergency room with fever and shortness of breath. He had tachycardia, fever, and had an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. His SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test was positive. Total and unconjugated bilirubin was raised. Due to the anemia and falling haemoglobin, he was not started on any anticoagulation. On investigation, the patient's direct Antiglobulin test was positive. Cold agglutinin titer at 4-degree Celsius was 64. The blood sample showed auto agglutination at collection and discrepancy in blood grouping and cross-matching, which were subsequently resolved. As observed in this case report, COVID-19 infection can be associated with cold agglutinin disease and Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and cold agglutinins should be recognized as potentially significant due to interference with laboratory investigations and complications associated with COVID 19.A 55-year-old immunocompetent male presented with new-onset seizures and acute respiratory failure requiring intubation and a stay in the medical intensive care unit. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed ring-enhancing lesions, and Computed Tomography (CT) chest showed ground-glass opacity. The patient underwent craniotomy and bronchoscopy, followed by culture of the purulent aspirate from lesions in the brain and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). After extensive infectious workup, the patient was diagnosed with a Nocardia farcinica brain abscess plus underlying pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). Based on a recommendation from an infectious disease expert, the patient was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). This case highlights the importance of understanding that, though rare, infections such as nocardiosis can present in immunocompetent patients and cause severe morbidity.A growing elderly population suffering from incurable, chronic conditions such as dementia present a continual strain on medical services due to mental impairment paired with high comorbidity resulting in increased hospitalization risk. The identification of at risk individuals allows for preventative measures to alleviate said strain. Electronic health records provide opportunity for big data analysis to address such applications. Such data however, provides a challenging problem space for traditional statistics and machine learning due to high dimensionality and sparse data elements. This article proposes a novel machine learning methodology entropy regularization with ensemble deep neural networks (ECNN), which simultaneously provides high predictive performance of hospitalization of patients with dementia whilst enabling an interpretable heuristic analysis of the model architecture, able to identify individual features of importance within a large feature domain space. Experimental results on health records containing 54,647 features were able to identify 10 event indicators within a patient timeline a collection of diagnostic events, medication prescriptions and procedural events, the highest ranked being essential hypertension.