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Pharmacokinetic Study of Salviae Miltiorrhizaeand Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection. For the evaluation of mechanism of action, safety and clinical rational use of Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection.<br /><br /> Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection is a compound preparation consisted of Salvia Miltiorrhiza extract and ligustrazine hydrochloride for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China.<br /><br /> To develop a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of six major active ingredients of Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection, namely danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid A, and ligustrazine hydrochloride, in rat plasma.<br /><br /> Plasma samples were precipitated with methanol, which was spiked with ascorbic acid and the supernatant was separated on a Waters Ce analysis requirements of rat plasma samples. Moreover, the validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection in the rat model.<br /><br /> Linear pharmacokinetic characteristics were observed for the six active ingredients after intravenous infusion administration in rats, within the dose range examined here. In summary, our study proposed a HPLC-DAD-MS/MS method in the simultaneous determination of multiple ingredients, and demonstrated its applicability in pharmacokinetic studies.<br /><br />Linear pharmacokinetic characteristics were observed for the six active ingredients after intravenous infusion administration in rats, within the dose range examined here. In summary, our study proposed a HPLC-DAD-MS/MS method in the simultaneous determination of multiple ingredients, and demonstrated its applicability in pharmacokinetic studies.The clinical application of herbal medicines is increasing, but there is still a lack of comprehensive safety data and in-depth research into mechanisms of action.The composition of herbal medicines is complex, with each herb containing a variety of chemical components. Each of these components may affect the activity of metabolizing enzymes, which may lead to herb-drug interactions. It has been reported that the combined use of herbs and drugs can produce some unexpected interactions. Therefore, we have reviewed the progress of research on safety issues caused by the effects of herbs on metabolizing enzymes with reference to six categories of drugs, including antithrombotic drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidiabetic drugs, statins lipid-lowering drugs, immuno suppressants and antineo plastic drugs. Under-standing the effects of herbs on the activity of metabolizing enzymes can avoid the toxicity and adverse drug reactions resulting from the co-administration of herbs and drugs, and help doctors to reduce the risk of prescription incompatibility.<br /><br /> Dental caries originates due to the localized dissolution of the hard tissues of teeth mainly caused by acids, developed by the presence of micro-organisms in the biofilm (dental plaque) on the surface of teeth causing "cavities". Commercially available liquid mouthwashes containing synthetic active ingredients possess limitations like teeth staining, higher alcoholic content, taste disturbances, xerostomia, and stability issues.<br /><br /> To prepare the solid preparation for oral hygiene (US6428770B1) in the form of herbal effervescent mouthwash tablet (CN106619318A, US8728446B2) using Azadirachta Indica and Curcumin having antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiplaque and anti-inflammatory activity.<br /><br /> The optimization study of effervescent granules was performed by 33 factorial design. A total of 27 preliminary experimental batches were prepared by the fusion method varying the amount of citric acid, tartaric acid, and sodium bicarbonate. A complex of Curcumin was prepared with hydroxyl propyl β-cyclodextrin and furthirm the efficacy of the formulation since a single bacterial strain was assayed.Hormonal contraceptives contain an Estrogen and/or a Progestin, which are the substrates of CYP3A4 enzyme and the drugs inducing CYP3A4 enzyme, can decrease the plasma concentrations and thereby therapeutic efficacy of Hormonal contraceptives resulting in unintended pregnancy. Moreover, the hormonal contraceptives associated risk of thrombotic events are further exacerbated by the simultaneous administration of drugs like Tranexamic acid and tobacco smoke. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/yum70.html YUM70] Therefore, while prescribing hormonal contraception and other drugs to women, drug interactions should always be considered, because, there could be a possible contraceptive failure or other adverse drug effects. This article provides a summary of guidance to healthcare professionals such as prescribers and pharmacists on pharmacokinetic based interactions between hormonal contraception and other drugs.Alzheimer Association Report (2019) stated that the 6th primary cause of death in the USA is Alzheimer's disease (AD) which leads to behaviour and cognitive impairment. Nearly 5.8 million peoples of all ages in the USA have suffered from this disease, including 5.6 million elderly populations. The statistics of the progression of this disease is similar to the global scenario. Still, the treatment of AD is limited to a few conventional oral drugs which often fail to deliver the adequate amount of drug in the brain. The reduction in the therapeutic efficacy of anti-AD drug is due to poor solubility, existence to the blood-brain barrier and low permeability. In this context, nasal drug delivery emerges as a promising route for the delivery of large and small molecular drugs for the treatment of AD. This promising pathway delivers the drug directly into the brain via an olfactory route which leads to the low systemic side effect, enhanced bioavailability, and higher therapeutic efficacy. However, few setbacks such as mucociliary clearance and poor drug mucosal permeation limit its translation from the laboratory to the clinic. Above stated limitation could be overcome by the adaption of nanoparticle as a drug delivery carrier which may lead to prolong delivery of drugs with better permeability and high efficacy. This review highlights the latest work on the development of promising nanoparticles (NPs) via intranasal route for the treatment of AD. Additionally, the current update in this article will drag the attention of the researcher working on these fields and facing challenges in practical applicability.