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ive surgery is possible for certain dogs, but careful case selection would be important and no reliable preoperative case selection criteria were identified. Additional research is needed to further investigate the potential risks and benefits of staged versus immediate surgical treatment of GDV in dogs.<br /><br /> A 7-year-old 35-kg (77-lb) neutered male Labrador Retriever was evaluated because of a 1-month history of a rapidly growing mass associated with the right caudal aspect of the thoracic wall.<br /><br /> CT examination revealed an aggressive, osteolytic mass lesion centered around the ventral aspect of the right ninth rib with osteolysis of that rib and focal invasion into the right external abdominal oblique muscle. Preoperative cytologic and histologic findings were most consistent with a chondrosarcoma.<br /><br /> The mass and the eighth, ninth, and tenth ribs were resected, and thoracic wall reconstruction was performed with a novel surgical technique involving lateralization of the diaphragm. The dog recovered rapidly and without complications other than a small seroma; no paradoxical chest movement developed, and the cosmetic outcome was good. An excellent quality of life was reported after surgery until the dog was euthanized because of underlying disease progression 6 months later.<br /><br /> Diaphragmatic lateralization was a simple method of caudal thoracic wall reconstruction that had good clinical results in this case. Research is needed to further assess the safety, reliability, and potential complications of this procedure in dogs.<br /><br />Diaphragmatic lateralization was a simple method of caudal thoracic wall reconstruction that had good clinical results in this case. Research is needed to further assess the safety, reliability, and potential complications of this procedure in dogs.<br /><br /> To determine factors associated with change in rectal temperature (RT) of dogs undergoing anesthesia.<br /><br /> 507 dogs.<br /><br /> In a prospective observational study, the RT of dogs undergoing anesthesia at 5 veterinary hospitals was recorded at the time of induction of anesthesia and at the time of recovery from anesthesia (ie, at the time of extubation). Demographic data, body condition score, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, types of procedure performed and medications administered, duration of anesthesia, and use of heat support were also recorded. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine factors that were significantly associated with a decrease or an increase (or no change) in RT. Odds ratios were calculated for factors significantly associated with a decrease in RT.<br /><br /> Among the 507 dogs undergoing anesthesia, RT decreased in 89% (median decrease, -1.2°C [-2.2°F]; range, -0.1°C to -5.7°C [-0.2°F to -10.3°F]), increased in 9% (median increase, 0.65°C [1.2°F]; range, 0.1°C to 2.1°C [3.8°F]), and did not change in 2%. Factors that significantly predicted and increased the odds of a decrease in RT included lower weight, ASA classification &gt; 2, surgery for orthopedic or neurologic disease, MRI procedures, use of an α<br /><br /> -adrenergic or μ-opioid receptor agonist, longer duration of anesthesia, and higher heat loss rate. Lack of μ-opioid receptor agonist use, shorter duration of anesthesia, and lower heat loss rate were significantly associated with an increase in RT.<br /><br /> Multiple factors that were associated with a decrease in RT in dogs undergoing anesthesia were identified. Knowledge of these factors may help identify dogs at greater risk of developing inadvertent perianesthetic hypothermia.<br /><br />Multiple factors that were associated with a decrease in RT in dogs undergoing anesthesia were identified. Knowledge of these factors may help identify dogs at greater risk of developing inadvertent perianesthetic hypothermia.<br /><br /> A 1-year-old externally sexually intact female Great Dane was referred for further evaluation of abnormal and underdeveloped internal reproductive organs.<br /><br /> Physical examination findings included a cranioventrally displaced vulva and a grade 2/6 left apical systolic heart murmur. No uterus or ovaries were identified during abdominal ultrasonography. Computed tomography with retrograde vaginourethrography revealed an underdeveloped uterus and possible left intra-abdominal gonad. Karyotyping revealed mixed sex chromosomes (70% XY and 30% XX). Analysis of a serum sample yielded positive results for anti-Müllerian hormone; other findings included mid range estradiol concentration (48.2 pg/mL [within reference intervals for sexually intact and neutered males and females]), low progesterone concentration (&lt; 0.2 ng/mL [within reference intervals for anestrous females]), and low testosterone concentration (&lt; 20 ng/dL [similar to the expected concentration in neutered males]). Overall, the results of the sex hhtforward gonadectomy in a 78,XX/78,XY chimeric dog.The review aimed to perform a meta-analysis of studies exploring the acute effects of sodium bicarbonate on Wingate test performance. Ten databases were searched to find studies that examined the effects of sodium bicarbonate on single and repeated Wingate tests. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects model. Ten studies were included in the review. There was no significant difference between the sodium bicarbonate and placebo trials for mean power in Wingate test 1 (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.07, 0.11) and test 3 (SMD = 0.21; 95% CI -0.16, 0.58). There was a significant effect of sodium bicarbonate on mean power in Wingate test 2 (SMD = 0.09; 95% CI 0.03, 0.16), and test 4 (SMD = 0.62; 95% CI 0.15, 1.08). When considering studies that used shorter rest intervals between repeated Wingate tests, a significant effect of sodium bicarbonate was found on mean power in Wingate test 3 (SMD = 0.40; 95% CI 0.01, 0.80). There was no significant difference beever, sodium bicarbonate was ergogenic for mean power in repeated Wingate tests. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Dihydroartemisinin(DHA).html Artenimol] Specifically, an ergogenic effect was found in test 2 and test 4 (standardized mean difference 0.09 to 0.62). When considering only studies that used shorter rest intervals between repeated Wingate tests, an ergogenic effect was found in test 3 (standardized mean difference 0.40). Sodium bicarbonate was also ergogenic for peak power in Wingate test 3, but with small effects (standardized mean difference 0.09).