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Because of its capacity to reduce surgical trauma to the chest wall, thoracoscopic esophagectomy is considered paramount for decreasing the risk of pulmonary complications in the context of minimally invasive esophagectomy. Whether laparoscopy (LS) following thoracoscopic esophagectomy can further improve outcomes compared with open laparotomy (OL) is unknown.<br /><br /> We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and imaging records of 428 patients who received McKeown esophagectomy with a thoracoscopic approach for cancer. Using propensity score matching based on eight parameters (age, sex, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, tumor location, type of preoperative therapy, reconstruction route, and occurrence/severity of postoperative vocal cord palsy), 60 pairs were identified and compared with regard to perioperative complications and overall survival (OS).<br /><br /> Compared with OL, LS resulted in lower blood loss (mean 171.21 versus 107.58mL, respectively, p=0.023) and a reduced incidence of pneumonia (13.3% versus 3.3%, respectively, p=0.048), albeit at the expense of a longer operating time (mean 399.37 versus 443.93min, respectively, p=0.003). Notably, lymph node yields and OS of patients who were treated with LS were similar to those observed in those who underwent OL.<br /><br /> Patients who receive LS after thoracoscopic esophagectomy experience lower blood loss and have a reduced risk of pneumonia than those treated with OL.<br /><br />Patients who receive LS after thoracoscopic esophagectomy experience lower blood loss and have a reduced risk of pneumonia than those treated with OL.<br /><br /> Microwave Breast Imaging (MBI) is an emerging non-ionising technology with the potential to detect breast pathology. The investigational device considered in this article is a low-power electromagnetic wave MBI prototype that demonstrated the ability to detect dielectric contrast between tumour phantoms and synthetic fibroglandular tissue in preclinical studies. Herein, we evaluate the MBI system in the clinical setting. The capacity of the MBI system to detect and localise breast tumours in addition to benign breast pathology is assessed. Secondly, the safety profile and patient experience of this device is established.<br /><br /> Female patients were recruited from the symptomatic unit to 1 of 3 groups Biopsy-proven breast cancers (Group-1), unaspirated cysts (Group-2) and biopsy-proven benign breast lesions (Group-3). [https://www.selleckchem.com/Bcl-2.html find more] Breast Density was determined by Volpara VDM (Volumetric Density Measurement) Software. MBI, radiological, pathological and histological findings were reviewed. Subjects were surveyed to assess patient experience.<br /><br /> A total of 25 patients underwent MBI. 24 of these were included in final data analysis (11 Group-1, 8 Group-2 and 5 Group-3). The MBI system detected and localised 12 of 13 benign breast lesions, and 9 out of the 11 breast cancers. This included 1 case of a radiographically occult invasive lobular cancer. No device related adverse events were recorded. 92% (n=23) of women reported that they would recommend MBI imaging to other women.<br /><br /> The MBI system detected and localized the majority of breast lesions. This modality may have the potential to offer a non-invasive, non-ionizing and painless adjunct to breast cancer diagnosis. Further larger studies are required to validate the findings of this study.<br /><br />The MBI system detected and localized the majority of breast lesions. This modality may have the potential to offer a non-invasive, non-ionizing and painless adjunct to breast cancer diagnosis. Further larger studies are required to validate the findings of this study.The purpose of this study was to investigate the measurement properties of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) to detect real change after forefoot reconstruction surgery. Responsiveness and minimally important change estimates were compared with those from the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) measures. Eighty-three patients awaiting surgery were recruited. Patients completed pre- and 12 months postoperative the SF-36 and the MOXFQ. A surgeon assessed the AOFAS scores. The responsiveness to change was determined using the effect size (ES), the minimal detectable change (MDC) and the minimal clinically important change. Two subscales of the SF-36 demonstrated significant improvement, bodily pain (BP) and mental health. Only the BP domain appeared the most responsive with an ES of 0.73. All domains of the MOXFQ and AOFAS produced much larger effect sizes (ES &gt; 1.5). MDC values for the majority of the SF-36 domains fell within measurement error except for the BP domain. Fewer patients showed significant improvement when compared with the MOXFQ pain domain. In conclusion, the SF-36 measuring tool proved to be neither reliable nor responsive enough to detect real change after forefoot surgery. Though the BP domain appeared to be the most responsive, it failed to detect meaningful change when compared to the MOXFQ-Pain and the Visual Analogue Scale.Complex foot infections involving bone and soft tissue in patients with co-morbidities such as diabetes and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are a cause of significant hospital admission. They are associated with substantial economic costs to health services worldwide. Historically, severe foot infection has been treated with surgical debridement and prolonged courses of systemic antibiotics. Prolonged systemic antibiotic use increases the risk of drug side effects, antimicrobial resistance and Clostridium difficile infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether surgical debridement and implantation of antibiotic loaded calcium sulfate is effective in the resolution of foot infection and wound healing. A retrospective cohort study of 137 consecutive cases of osteomyelitis (127) or significant soft tissue infection (10) over 62 months from 02/2013 to 04/2018 was conducted following local ethical approval. All cases of infection were treated with surgical debridement and local antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate. The primary outcomes of infection resolution, time to healing and duration of postoperative antibiotics were measured. In 137 cases, 88.3% of infections resolved. Infection was eradicated in 22 patients without postoperative systemic antibiotics. About 82.5% of wounds healed, with an average healing time of 11.3 weeks. Healing time was significantly increased for the co-morbidities of diabetes and PAD (p = less then .05) and for those requiring prolonged systemic postoperative antibiotics. Conservative surgical debridement and implantation of local antibiotic impregnated calcium sulfate is safe and effective in managing complex foot infections. We advocate early surgical intervention before deeper tissue involvement to help preserve lower limb structure and function.<br /><br /> Although the mortality related to hip fracture and osteoporotic vertebral fracture have been reported, few studies have examined the mortality related to atlas and/or axis fractures. The aim of this study was to assess the association between mortality and atlas and/or axis fractures retrospectively and to elucidate the efficacy of surgical treatment.<br /><br /> A total of 33 elderly patients who were treated for atlas and/or axis fractures at our institution between January 2012 and December 2018 were included in this study. These patients were divided into two groups surgical treatment and conservative treatment. Fracture types, comorbidities, neurological status, treatment types, and walking ability at follow-up were reviewed. Mortality was assessed using medical records or via phone interviews.<br /><br /> The mean age at injury was 79.9±8.0 years, and the mean follow-up period was 2.3 years. The overall mortality rates at 1 and 5 years were 21.4% and 48.4%, respectively. During the observation period, 12 (36%) patients died. Twenty-two patients were treated conservatively (14 were treated with a cervical collar, 8 were treated with a halo vest). Surgical procedures included occipital-cervical fixation, osteosynthesis of C2 fractures, C1-2 fixation, and C1-4 fixation using a posterior approach. Surgical treatment correlated with better survival rates. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of ambulatory ability and functional recovery.<br /><br /> Upper cervical spine fractures appear to have a worse prognosis compared to hip and osteoporotic vertebral fractures. This study indicates the efficacy of surgical treatment for upper cervical spine fractures in the elderly for improving survival prognosis.<br /><br />Upper cervical spine fractures appear to have a worse prognosis compared to hip and osteoporotic vertebral fractures. This study indicates the efficacy of surgical treatment for upper cervical spine fractures in the elderly for improving survival prognosis.<br /><br /> Medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) can result in the development of osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis. Clinical experience suggests that symptoms such as dull pain or discomfort in the popliteal area or the calf area, which are sometimes misdiagnosed as sciatic nerve pain, may precede impending rupture. We found that bone marrow edema emanating from the meniscal root on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans-spreading roots sign-may indicate the preliminary stage of an MMPRT. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the spreading roots sign as an MMPRT-predictor.<br /><br /> In a retrospective study, we reviewed the chart data and MRI results of patients who had required surgery for an acute MMPRT. We grouped patients by whether or not they had reported the above-mentioned precursory symptoms prior to acute rupture (precursory symptom group/non-precursor group), and when possible, we examined MRI scans to identify with which events the appearance/disappearance of the spreading roots sign coincided. Sex, age, body mass index, bone mineral density, radiological parameters, and MRI parameters were compared between groups.<br /><br /> Data from 24 patients (precursory symptom group, n=17 [70.8%]; non-precursor group, n=7 [29.2%]) were included; data from 5 patients included MRI scans prior to acute rupture. There were no significant differences between precursory symptom and non-precursor groups, except for the ratio of the presence of the spreading roots sign (p=0.005). The appearance of the spreading roots sign on MRI scans coincided with the onset of precursory symptoms, and its disappearance coincided with acute rupture and the appearance of other MRI signs typical of MMPRT (white meniscus/truncation/meniscal extrusion/giraffe neck signs).<br /><br /> Our findings suggest that the spreading roots sign can be used as a unique precursory sign for MMPRT.<br /><br />Our findings suggest that the spreading roots sign can be used as a unique precursory sign for MMPRT.<br /><br /> The surgical strategy of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (LDS) is controversial, especially regarding whether or not fusion should be used. Although some reports have indicated that decompression combined with fusion may be better than decompression alone in the treatment of LDS, the effect of fusion status after uninstrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF) on the outcomes of patients with stable LDS remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of uninstrumented PLF for stable LDS and clarify whether radiographic fusion status could affect surgical outcomes.<br /><br /> A total of 93 consecutive patients who had undergone single-level uninstrumented PLF for Meyerding grade I LDS without preoperative dynamic instability with a minimum follow-up period of 5 years were retrospectively studied. Patients were divided into two groups nonunion (52 patients) and union (41 patients). The primary outcomes were the 5-year percent recovery of postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and reoperation rate.