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Purpose Five-year relative cancer survival increased from 80% to 89% among adolescent and young adult (AYA) Australians between 1985-1989 and 2011-2015. New South Wales (NSW), with a third of the Australian population, has long recorded degree of spread (localized, regional, or distant) at diagnosis. This study complements national data by investigating survival increases after adjusting for differences in degree of spread, cancer type, and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods Population-based NSW Cancer Registry data, for malignant solid cancers where degree of spread was applicable, were analyzed for ages 15-24 years in 1980-2015. Subhazard ratios (SHRs) from competing risk regression indicated risk of death from the primary cancer as opposed to other causes. Multiple logistic regression was used to model odds ratios for more extensive compared with localized spread at diagnosis. Results Approximately 72% of cancers had a localized degree of spread. Adjusted SHRs for cancer-specific mortality decreased from 1980-1989 to 2010-2015 (SHR 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.95). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for more advanced versus localized spread were lowest for melanoma and lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal carcinoma, and highest for breast carcinoma, Ewing tumor, and colorectal carcinoma. The aOR for more advanced versus localized cancer was higher for men than women. Conclusions Cancer survival increased to a statistically significantly in AYAs during 1980-2015, after adjusting for degree of spread, cancer type, and sociodemographic characteristics. We attribute this mostly to treatment gains. Linked data should be used to explore treatment contributions.Background This study was a national scan of education resources on integrating sex and gender considerations into research. The purpose was to assess capacity for educating researchers and to identify gaps, with implications for implementation of guidelines or mandates to consider sex and gender differences in research. Information sources were U.S. training programs in women's health and sex/gender difference research, Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health (BIRCWH), and published peer-reviewed biomedical literature. Materials and Methods This descriptive study used multiple methods a national survey and a comprehensive literature review. BIRCWH leaders responded to a survey regarding education on sex/gender difference research for BIRCWH scholars (response rate 100%, 20 of 20). A comprehensive literature review was conducted for 1993-2018. Results Nearly half (45%) of BIRCWH institutions offered education on integrating sex or gender differences in clinical translational research; ofsed, high-quality educational curricula and a dissemination plan are needed to enhance the adoption and integration of sex and gender into scientific endeavors.Honey bee larva powder (HLP) has traditionally been used as a daily supplement and tonic for health promotion with an uncertain scientific basis. In this study, B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice were established to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of HLP. The proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of honey bee larva extract (HLE) in RAW 264.7 macrophage. The in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the oral administration of freeze-dried HLP (4 and 6 g/kg) significantly enhanced the spleen index, the percentage of CD4+cells, and the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD4+/CD8+) in the peripheral blood compared with those in the tumor control mice. The in vitro studies demonstrated the potent immunomodulatory activities of HLE through the induction of RAW 264.7 macrophage proliferation and the mitigation of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced toxicity. HLE also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage. The present study provides important scientific evidence for the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of HLP and HLE. [Figure see text].We determined the effects of a commercially available, GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by independent conclusion, CBD-containing hemp oil extract on stress resilience, perceived recovery, mood, affect, body composition, and clinical safety markers in healthy human subjects.Methods Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design, 65 overweight, but otherwise healthy men and women (35.2 ± 11.4 years, 28.5 ± 3.3 kg/m2) ingested either Hemp Oil Extract [Hemp, 60 mg/d PlusCBDTM Extra Strength Hemp Extract Oil (15 mg hemp-derived CBD)] or a placebo (PLA) every day for six weeks while continuing to follow their normal diet and physical activity patterns. Outcome variables included changes in stress resilience, a 14-item panel of various psychometric parameters, heart-rate variability, plasma chromogranin A, body composition, and general markers of health. Data were analyzed using mixed factorial ANOVA, t-tests with 95% confidence intervals, and effect sizes (ES).Results HDL cholesterol significantly improved in the Hemp group (p = 0.004; ES = 0.75). No other statistically significant group x time interaction effects were observed. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ew-7197.html selleck chemicals llc] Statistical tendencies for between-group differences were found for 'I Get Pleasure From Life' (p = 0.06, ES = 0.48) and 'Ability to Cope with Stress' (p = 0.07, ES = 0.46). Sleep quality (Hemp, p = 0.005, ES = 0.54) and sleep quantity (Hemp, p = 0.01, ES = 0.58) exhibited significant within-group changes. All values for hepato-renal function, cardiovascular health, fasting blood lipids, and whole blood cell counts remained within normal clinical limits with no between-group differences over time being identified.Conclusions Hemp supplementation improved HDL cholesterol, tended to support psychometric measures of perceived sleep, stress response, and perceived life pleasure and was well tolerated with no clinically relevant safety concerns. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT04294706.ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) GTPase-activating protein (GAP) with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 1 (ACAP1) is an Arf6 GAP that regulates membrane trafficking and is critical for the migratory potential of cells. However, the roles of ACAP1 have not been fully explored and its association with clinicopathological features in ovarian cancer is still unknown. In this study, we systematically analyzed multiple databases, including TISIDB, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER2.0), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), CORTECON, Kaplan-Meier Plotter and LinkedOmics platforms to reveal the clinical significance and function of ACAP1 in ovarian cancer. We found that the expression of ACAP1 was upregulated in ovarian cancer and high ACAP1 expression predicted poor prognosis. Our data demonstrated that the expression and methylation status of ACAP1 were strongly correlated with immune infiltration levels, immunomodulators, and chemokines. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis also showed that the mechanism of ACAP1 in regulating ovarian cancer was related to a variety of immune-related pathways.