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The results of the present study provide potential insights into the treatment of periodontitis. Graphical abstract.PURPOSE Aggressive pituitary adenomas (APAs) and pituitary&nbsp;carcinomas (PCs) are challenging for their invasive nature, resistance to treatment and recurrences. Temozolomide (TMZ) is used with benefit and well-tolerated toxicity profile in APAs and PCs. In most studies patients received ≤ 12 cycles but the best length of treatment is debated since other options after discontinuation are scarce and a second course is mainly unsuccessful. METHODS We report outcomes of 8 patients with APAs and PCs treated with TMZ for more than 12 continuous cycles with a literature review. Data were retrospectively collected from Padua and Milan University Hospitals. TMZ was used as a single agent (150-200 p.o. mg/m2 daily, 5/28&nbsp;days) for 14 to 45 cycles. RESULTS Eight patients (7&nbsp;M), 7 APAs and 1 PC. Previous treatments included neurosurgery and radiotherapy in all cases except two giant masses (ACTH-silent APA and prolactinoma). No patient had progression disease (PD) during long-term treatment nor toxicities. No one had complete response (CR) but four had partial response (PR). Four ACTH+ tumors maintained stable disease (SD) but the secretion pattern improved in all. After drug withdrawal, three had delayed PD (2 after 18 and one after 29&nbsp;months, all ACTH+); two are still in SD. CONCLUSIONS TMZ may be useful and well-tolerated in APAs and PCs as a long-term therapy. PR appears within the first cycles with no escape throughout the treatment; most patients achieve SD. We suggest extended protocols particularly in responsive ACTH+  PAs and PCs, when further therapies may be unsuccessful.PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and the adjunctive effect of intracameral tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in trabeculectomy for patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS This was a prospective, randomized study consisting of patients with POAG who underwent trabeculectomy in Tel Aviv Medical Center between March 2013 and December 2014. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups Group 1 underwent mitomycin C (MMC) trabeculectomy and group 2 underwent MMC trabeculectomy with intracameral tPA. Complete and overall success were defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) between 5 and 18&nbsp;mmHg and at least 30% IOP drop without and with or without anti-glaucoma treatment, respectively. RESULTS A total of 16 patients (seven females and nine males) were recruited, and eight patients were assigned to each group. IOP at presentation was 27 ± 5.3&nbsp;mmHg and 25.3 ± 5.1&nbsp;mmHg, compared to 13.7 ± 4.3&nbsp;mmHg and 10.6 ± 2.0 at 12&nbsp;months (p  less then  0.0001) for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Complete success at 12&nbsp;months was achieved in 62.5% of group 1 compared to 87.5% of group 2 (p = 0.28). Overall success was achieved in 87% compared to 100% of patients at 12&nbsp;months (p = 0.33). No evidence of complications attributable to tPA was found. CONCLUSIONS Augmentation of tPA during MMC trabeculectomy may have better complete and overall success rates, compared to MMC trabeculectomy. The safety profile was similar for both groups.BACKGROUND For patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), multiple national cancer organizations recommend that sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) be offered when treated with mastectomy, but not when treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS). This study analyzes national surgical trends of SLNB and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in DCIS patients undergoing breast surgery with the aim to quantify deviations from national guidelines. METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis of the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database from 2005 to 2017 identified patients with DCIS. Patients were categorized by their primary method of breast surgery, i.e. mastectomy or BCS, then further categorized by their axillary lymph node (ALN) management, i.e. no intervention, SLNB, or ALND. Data analysis was conducted via linear regression and a non-parametric Mann-Kendall test to assess a temporal trend and Sen's slope. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bms-1166.html see more] RESULTS Overall, 43,448 patients with DCIS met the inclusion criteria 20,504 underwent mastectomy and 22,944 underwent BCS. Analysis of DCIS patients from 2005 to 2017 revealed that ALND decreased and SLNB increased in every subgroup, regardless of surgical treatment modality. Evaluation in the mastectomy group increased overall mastectomy alone increased from 57.1 to 65.8% (p  less then  0.01) and mastectomy with immediate reconstruction increased from 58.5 to 72.1% (p  less then  0.01). Increases also occurred in the total BCS population partial mastectomy increased from 14.0 to 21.1% and oncoplastic surgery increased from 10.5 to 23.0% (both p  less then  0.01). CONCLUSIONS Despite national guideline recommendations for the management of ALN surgery in DCIS patients, approximately 20-30% of cases continue to not follow these guidelines. This warrants further education for surgeons and patients.This study examined how individuals voluntarily leaving permanent supportive housing (PSH) through a Moving On initiative experienced the transition from PSH services to mainstream housing. Participants (N = 25) were purposively sampled from five supportive housing agencies in a Moving On initiative. A modified grounded theory approach was used to analyze semi-structured, post-move interviews. Participants described the transition from PSH as a process that involved gaining freedom from negative aspects of the PSH environment and a stagnation in services, adjusting to a new environment and the loss of familiar supports, taking on new responsibilities of self-advocacy and managing new financial burdens, and feeling empowered to move on to next steps, which ultimately, led to achievement of independence. Various contextual conditions, including PSH- and postmove housing type, influenced participants' experience of this process. Findings can inform future Moving On initiatives, implementation of PSH programs, as well as the design of the larger homeless service system.