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Nivolumab is one of the targeted cancer therapy agent that acts to increase the immune responses by inhibition of antiprogrammed-death-receptor 1, which is one of the check points of the immune response. Nivolumab can be used to treat malign melanoma, lung, renal, head and neck, colorectal, hepatocellular cancers, and special cases of Hodgkin lymphoma.<br /><br /> We aimed to report a rarer cutaneous side effect of nivolumab because of the increasing uses of this agent in various cancer treatments.<br /><br /> We present a 48-year-old female, metastatic melanoma patient who developed plaque morphea lesion without any systemic involvement during nivolumab treatment. Plaque lesion responded well to use of topical corticosteroid and calcipotriol.<br /><br /> Numerous cutaneous side effects associated with nivolumab have been reported in the literature. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Perifosine.html selleck compound] The most common cutaneous side effects are maculopapular rash, pruritus, and vitiligo. Morphea and disorders from this spectrum reported due to PD-1 inhibitors in the literature are; morphea, sclerodermoid changes, eosinophilic fasciitis, and lichen sclerosis.<br /><br /> Patients who are treated by PD-1 inhibitors may be examined carefully in terms of morphea and scleroderma-like conditions although they are not as common as other cutaneous side effects.<br /><br />Patients who are treated by PD-1 inhibitors may be examined carefully in terms of morphea and scleroderma-like conditions although they are not as common as other cutaneous side effects.<br /><br /> The passing of the years is marked by intrinsic (chronological) and extrinsic aging, caused by photoaging, which is characterized by a decrease in collagen and the deposition of abnormal elastic fibers in the dermis. The use of bipolar radiofrequency (RF) increases fibroblast proliferation and differentiation, accompanied by collagen synthesis and a subsequent increase in connective tissue, and it is not known whether the biological effects of this type of radiofrequency on the dermis are similar regardless of the age of the individual or whether such effects are altered by the aging process itself.<br /><br /> The objective was to perform a histological study of the changes in the tail dermis of young and old rats after submitting them to bipolar RF, to determine cell proliferation and volume of connective tissue.<br /><br /> One part of the rat tail was fixed in formol and processed for light microscopy and another part processed for electron microscopy.<br /><br /> The number of fibroblasts/unit area and cells positive to nuclear proliferation antigen was higher in young animals. Significant differences were observed regarding expression of HSP-47 protein, and the value was always lower in old rats. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of connective tissue. No histological alterations were observed in any rats.<br /><br /> Treatment with RF increased the number of fibroblasts located in the connective tissue of the young rats. In addition, the effect of a single treatment on the population of fibroblasts in young animals was sufficient to activate the synthesis of new collagen.<br /><br />Treatment with RF increased the number of fibroblasts located in the connective tissue of the young rats. In addition, the effect of a single treatment on the population of fibroblasts in young animals was sufficient to activate the synthesis of new collagen.Recent findings indicate that atmospheric warming increases the persistence of weather patterns in the mid-latitudes, resulting in sequences of longer dry and wet periods compared to historic averages. The alternation of progressively longer dry and wet extremes could increasingly select for species with a broad environmental tolerance. As a consequence, biodiversity may decline. Here we explore the relationship between the persistence of summer precipitation regimes and plant diversity by subjecting experimental grassland mesocosms to a gradient of dry-wet alternation frequencies whilst keeping the total precipitation constant. The gradient varied the duration of consecutive wet and dry periods, from 1 up to 60 days with or without precipitation, over a total of 120 days. An alternation of longer dry and wet spells led to a severe loss of species richness (up to -75% relative to the current rainfall pattern in W-Europe) and functional diversity (enhanced dominance of grasses relative to nitrogen (N)-fixers aort term.<br /><br /> Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) aims to achieve physiological pacing by capturing the conduction system in the area of the left bundle branch. LBBAP has exclusively been performed using lumen-less pacing leads (LLLs) with fixed helix design. This study explores the feasibility, safety, and pacing characteristics of LBBAP using stylet-driven leads (SDLs) with an extendable helix design.<br /><br /> Patients, in which LBBAP was attempted for bradycardia or heart failure pacing indications, were prospectively enrolled at the Ghent University Hospital. LBBAP was attempted with two different systems 1/LLL with fixed helix (SelectSecure 3830, MedtronicInc.) delivered through a preshaped sheath (C315His Medtronic Inc.) and 2/SDL with extendable helix (Solia S60, Biotronik, SE &amp; CO) delivered through a new delivery sheath (Selectra 3D, Biotronik).<br /><br /> The study enrolled 50 patients (mean age 70 ± 14 years, 44% females). LBBAP with SDL was successful in 20/23 (87%) patients compared with 24/27 (89%) of patients in the LLL group (p = 0.834). Screw attempts, screw implant depth, procedural, and fluoroscopy times were comparable among both groups. Acute LBBAP thresholds were low and comparable between SDL and LLL (0.5 ± 0.15 V vs. 0.4 ± 0.17 V, p = 0.251). Pacing thresholds remained low at 3 ± 2.1 months of follow up in both groups and no lead revisions were necessary. Postprocedural echocardiography revealed a septal coronary artery fistula in one patient with SDLLBBAP.<br /><br /> LBBAP using stylet-driven pacing leads is feasible and yields comparable implant success to LBBAP with LLLs. LBBAP thresholds are low and comparable with both types of leads.<br /><br />LBBAP using stylet-driven pacing leads is feasible and yields comparable implant success to LBBAP with LLLs. LBBAP thresholds are low and comparable with both types of leads.