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Before using ensemble and traditional techniques, we have preprocessed the data set using the Karl Pearson coefficient of correlation to eliminate irrelevant attributes. Further accuracy of classification and prediction of the classifiers are manipulated using k-fold cross-validation methods and represent the Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve for each classifier. After sorting and comparing algorithms, we have found the convolutional neural network and extra tree bagging classifiers to have better performance than all other ensemble and traditional classifiers. © 2020 Sahu et al. Published by IMR press.T-DNA insertional mutations in Arabidopsis genes have conferred huge benefits to the research community, greatly facilitating gene function analyses. However, the insertion process can cause chromosomal rearrangements. Here, we show an example of a likely rearrangement following T-DNA insertion in the Anti-Silencing Function 1B (ASF1B) gene locus on Arabidopsis chromosome 5, so that the phenotype was not relevant to the gene of interest, ASF1B. ASF1 is a histone H3/H4 chaperone involved in chromatin remodeling in the sporophyte and during reproduction. Plants that were homozygous for mutant alleles asf1a or asf1b were developmentally normal. However, following self-fertilization of double heterozygotes (ASF1A/asf1a ASF1B/asf1b, hereafter AaBb), defects were visible in both male and female gametes. Half of the AaBb and aaBb ovules displayed arrested embryo sacs with functional megaspore identity. Similarly, half of the AaBb and aaBb pollen grains showed centromere defects, resulting in pollen abortion at the bi-cellular stage of the male gametophyte. However, inheritance of the mutant allele in a given gamete did not solely determine the abortion phenotype. Introducing functional ASF1B failed to rescue the AaBb- and aaBb-mediated abortion, suggesting that heterozygosity in the ASF1B gene causes gametophytic defects, rather than the loss of ASF1. The presence of reproductive defects in heterozygous mutants but not in homozygotes, and the characteristic all-or-nothing pollen viability within tetrads, were both indicative of commonly-observed T-DNA-mediated translocation activity for this allele. Our observations reinforce the importance of complementation tests in assigning gene function using reverse genetics.Acne vulgaris is a common adolescent disorder but the data related to acne vulgaris is insufficient in Albania. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiologic features of acne vulgaris and to identify lifestyle and constitutional factors in formulating a proper management protocol. A cross-sectional study conducted on a representative sample of 2036 adolescents from 10 high schools located in Tirana. A self-administered questionnaire was administered to collect the data. The binary logistic regression was applied to assess the factors linked to the presence of acne vulgaris in adolescents. The mean age in the study population was 16.2 ± 0.9 years. The self-reported prevalence of acne was 50.3% (52.1% in females and 47.9% in males). Lifetime prevalence was 68.5%. The factors significantly associated with an increased likelihood over time were frequent consumption of sweets, frequent endurance of stress, poor quality of sleep, positive family history of acne, oily and combination skin, menstrual disorders. Acne vulgaris is common among adolescents in our country. The identification of various modifiable factors related to acne generates opportunities to tailor and focus prevention efforts and better management and treatment planning in relevant high-risk groups. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Rates of thrombosis and bleeding episodes are both increased in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). The pathogenic mechanisms of thrombosis in these patients include platelet activation, increased formation of platelet-leukocyte conjugates, and platelet-derived microparticles, as well as effects of uremic toxins on platelets. On the other side of the coin, platelet hyporeactivity mediated by uremic toxins and anemia contributes to the increased bleeding risk in advanced CKD. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Trichostatin-A.html Selleck Trichostatin A] Platelets also contribute to the inflammatory environment, thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in these patients. This review provides insights into the altered platelet function in advanced stages of CKD and their relationship with risks of thrombosis and bleeding. Particularly, the effect of dialysis on platelets will be discussed. Furthermore, therapeutic options with respect to thrombotic disorders as well as bleeding in patients with CKD are reviewed. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.The impact of thrombocytopenia varies widely depending on the underlying pathophysiology driving it. The biggest challenge in managing thrombocytopenia in pregnancy is accurately identifying the responsible pathophysiology-a task made difficult given the tremendous overlap in clinical and laboratory abnormalities associated with different thrombocytopenia processes. The most common etiologies of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy range from physiology deemed benign to those that are life-threatening to the mother and fetus. Even in cases in which the responsible etiology is deemed benign, such as gestational thrombocytopenia, there are still implications for the management of labor and delivery, a time where hemostatic challenges may prove life-threatening. In most institutions, a minimum platelet count will be mandated for epidural anesthesia to be deemed a safe option. The causes of thrombocytopenia can also include diagnoses that are pregnancy-specific (such as preeclampsia or gestational thrombocytopenia), potentially triggered by pregnancy (such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura), or unrelated to or predating the pregnancy (such as liver disease, infections, or immune thrombocytopenia purpura). It is imperative that the source of thrombocytopenia is identified accurately and expeditiously, as intervention can range from observation alone to urgent fetal delivery. In this review, the approach to diagnosis and the pathophysiological mechanisms of the most common etiologies of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and associated management issues are presented. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.This is a review of the evidence for the use of different platelet count thresholds prior to invasive procedures and surgery. This review will focus on three procedures that are common in patients with thrombocytopenia-central venous catheter insertion, liver biopsy, and lumbar punctures and epidural catheters-as well as highlighting the lack of evidence for more major surgery. Tunneled or untunneled central venous catheters are low-risk procedures and can be safely performed without any intervention when the platelet count is 20 × 109/L or above. Evidence for their safety is more limited below this threshold, but as bleeding is easily treated, interventions should focus on treating any bleeding that occurs rather than preventative strategies. The available evidence for neuraxial anesthesia is based on very low-quality evidence from observational studies. Based on this evidence, the risk of an epidural hematoma is less than 0.19% (upper limit of 95% confidence interval) for pregnant women undergoing an epidural anesthetic when the platelet count is between 70 and 99 × 109/L. No randomized trials have been performed in children, nor have any randomized trials been performed in major or emergency surgeries. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare and potentially lethal disease characterized by fragmentary hemolysis, moderate-to-severe thrombocytopenia, end-organ dysfunction, and severely reduced ADAMTS13 levels ( less then 10%). Survival in iTTP has improved significantly since the introduction of plasma exchange as standard therapy combined with immune suppression to address the underlying pathophysiology. A host of challenges remain including prompt recognition of the disease, treatment of the end-organ effects of the disease, improving the early mortality rate, significantly reducing the relapse rate as well as addressing refractory disease. Discussed in this narrative review of iTTP are the recent measures aimed at addressing these issues, including improvements in clinical prediction models, postremission maintenance approaches with early retreatment as well as the development of novel therapies. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.in English, German EINLEITUNG  Der kontrastverstärkte Ultraschall wird in immer mehr medizinischen Bereichen eingesetzt, darunter auch in der Thoraxmedizin. Diese Technik ist jedoch noch relativ neu und wird in aktuellen Richtlinien und Empfehlungen nur sporadisch erwähnt. Ziel dieser systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, einen Literaturüberblick zu geben und die aktuellen klinischen Anwendungen des kontrastverstärkten Thorax-Ultraschalls (CETUS) kritisch zu bewerten. MATERIAL UND METHODEN  Es wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche unter Verwendung der wichtigsten elektronischen Datenbanken in Übereinstimmung mit den PRISMA-Richtlinien durchgeführt. Eingeschlossen wurden Studien mit dem primären Schwerpunkt auf CETUS bei Erkrankungen des Thorax im Vergleich zum Standard-Referenztest. Das QUADAS-2-Tool wurde angewandt, um die Qualität der Studien zu beurteilen. ERGEBNISSE  Die Suche ergab 43 Artikel, davon 1 randomisierte kontrollierte Studie, 6 nichtrandomisierte kontrollierte Studien, 16 nichtrandomisrozentpunkte.in English, German HINTERGRUND  Hilfsorganisationen senden medizinisches Personal ins Ausland, um dort humanitäre Hilfe zu leisten. Die Einsatzgebiete sind häufig Hochinzidenzländer für Tuberkulose. Deshalb wurde die Prävalenz einer Infektion mit Mycobacterium tuberculosis bei Personal mit solchen Einsätzen untersucht. METHODEN  In einer Querschnittsuntersuchung (n = 95) wurde die Prävalenz der latenten Tuberkuloseinfektion (LTBI) nach mindestens einem Auslandseinsatz bei medizinischem Personal aus Deutschland untersucht. Die Testung auf LTBI wurde mittels IGRA (Interferon-Gamma Release Assay) durchgeführt; relevante Risikofaktoren wurden mithilfe eines Fragebogens erfasst. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte mit Kreuztabellen und multipler logistischer Regression. ERGEBNISSE  Die LTBI-Prävalenz in der Stichprobe betrug 12,63 %, 95 %-KI (7,70 %; 23,89 %) und stieg mit dem Alter (OR = 1,06, 95 %-KI [1,01; 1,12], p-Wert = 0,021, pro Lebensjahr) sowie der Länge der Auslandsaufenthalte (OR = 1,11, 95 %-KI [1,03; 1,21], p-Wert = 0,009, pro Monat). DISKUSSION  In unserer Studie war die LTBI-Prävalenz bei medizinischem Personal mit Auslandseinsätzen höher als in früheren Studien, in denen Beschäftigte nach Kontakt zu infektiösen Patienten oder Materialien untersucht wurden. Um im Ausland erworbene LTBI-Infektionen detektieren zu können, scheint eine Testung vor und nach einem Auslandseinsatz notwendig zu sein.in English, German ZIEL DER STUDIE In den letzten Jahren kann beobachtet werden, dass die Motivation der nachrückenden Fachärzte für Allgemeinmedizin sich in einer eigenen Praxis niederzulassen rückläufig ist. Mit der Kenntnis der hier fördernden und hemmenden Faktoren, können Strategien zur Förderung der Niederlassung abgeleitet werden. Ziel dieser Studie war es daher diese Determinanten zu erheben. METHODIK Es wurden niedergelassene Fachärzte für Allgemeinmedizin aus Baden-Württemberg (BW) im Zeitraum von April bis Oktober 2016 eingeladen, an einer qualitativen Interviewstudie teilzunehmen. Die Stratifikation der Ärzte aus einer Gruppe von insgesamt 553, die zwischen 2008 und 2011 am Förderprogramm Allgemeinmedizin in BW teilnahmen und sich in den Jahren 2008 bis 2014 niederließen, erfolgte anhand der Verdichtungsräume im ländlichen Raum, der Randzonen um Verdichtungsräume und der Verdichtungsräume selbst. Die Transkripte der Interviews wurden von zwei Autoren inhaltsanalytisch nach Mayring ausgewertet, zusammengefasst und im zweiten Schritt in eine Konsensversion überführt.