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Here we describe a new reliable and fast method of allele-specific real-time PCR to monitor the integrity/disruption of the binding site of the microRNA Hsa-miR-148a in a high-throughput format that can be easily applied to studies involving large cohorts of individuals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Psoriasis, a T-cell mediated chronic dermatosis, has a complex etiopathogenesis. There has been extensive research into the aberrant immune response, which leads to the formation of clinical lesions, and the need for developing better and safer drugs has been unrelenting. The past two decades of research has opened up new areas of the immune pathway that can be targeted in order to control the disease. Therefore we have seen the emergence of biologics which either target T-cell receptors or inhibit Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) or inhibit interleukins (IL) like IL-12, IL-17, IL-17 receptor and more recently IL-23. Drugs specifically targeting the p19 subunit of IL-23 have shown promising results in the management of chronic plaque psoriasis. This has given way to the development of a new class of biologics, that is, the IL-23p19 inhibitors that have a better safety profile as compared to its predecessors. In this review, we shall scrutinize the role of IL-23 and Th17 cell signalling in the evolution of the psoriatic lesions and summarize the clinical experience with IL-23p19 inhibitors especially mirikizumab in the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Ronald T. Raines at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The image depicts the consequence of replacing carbon with nitrogen in aromatic systems, represented by Kekulé's allegorical snake. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202000825.Herein, the synthesis and characterization of a hypervalent iodine-based reagent that enables a direct and selective nitrooxylation of enolizable C-H bonds to access a broad array of organic nitrate esters is reported. This compound is bench stable, easy-to-handle, and delivers the nitrooxy (-ONO2) group under mild reaction conditions. Activation of the reagent by Brønsted and Lewis acids was demonstrated in the synthesis of nitrooxylated β-keto esters, 1,3 diketones and malonates, while its activity under photoredox catalysis was shown in the synthesis of nitrooxylated oxindoles. Detailed mechanistic studies including pulse radiolysis, Stern-Volmer quenching studies, and UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry reveal a unique single electron transfer (SET) induced concerted mechanistic pathway, not reliant upon generation of the nitrate radical.Acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) remains a devastating complication following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Vast research efforts continue to refine or develop new means of prediction, assessment, prevention, and treatment of this syndrome. Recent updates in acute GVHD include more definitive guidance and definitions for its grading and diagnosis. Biomarker utilization is being incorporated into early stages following HCT to aid in detection and prediction of long term outcomes. New preventative strategies under investigation include use of vedolizumab or tocilizumab as upfront prophylaxis. Finally, while steroids remain the backbone of therapy once treatment is warranted, efficacy of several agents including vedolizumab, tocilizumab, ruxolitinib, and alpha-1 antitrypsin are being evaluated as potential therapeutic options.Background People with albinism (PWA) are at increased risk of photodamage and skin cancer. In many parts of Africa, there is a significant lack of knowledge regarding albinism which can lead to societal stigma, discrimination, and persecution from an early age. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), there is limited clinical data on PWA and skin cancer. We aim to better understand sociodemographics, risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes of this population. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/nvp-bgt226.html NVP-BGT226] Methods Patients with a diagnosis of albinism and skin cancer presenting to Kisangani Albino Clinic were enrolled. Results Of 205 PWA, 61 patients were diagnosed with skin cancer with a mean age of 26.5 years. Common occupations were student (45.6%) or unemployed (26.4%). Discrimination was experienced from close contacts (24.4%) and society (67.4%). A majority (88.5%) had never used sunscreen, only 4.9% used fully sun protective clothing, and 90.2% spent 4 or more hours in the sun daily. Skin cancers had a mean size of 3.8 cm and were most commonly located on the face (47.7%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histopathological diagnosis. Most patients underwent excision, and 90.2% had clinical clearance of tumors at a mean follow-up of 5.7 months. Conclusion People living with albinism in the DRC experience a high rate of nonmelanoma skin cancers at a young age and additionally face a number of psychosocial challenges. This study represents the first attempt to analyze a cohort of patients with albinism from the DRC and serves to increase awareness of this vulnerable population.Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Michal Straka and Martin Dračínský (IOCB Prague, Czech Academy of Sciences). The image depicts a neutron star, which is used to represent the relativistic effects between a heavy element and a hydrogen atom reported in this work. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202001532.Background Neopterin is a cellular immunity biochemical marker. Serum and saliva neopterin levels have been reported to increase in lichen Planus. Nonetheless, analysis has not yet been made for the direct link between narrow band ultraviolet B and severity of Lichen planus. Aim We aimed to assess serum neopterin levels in patients who receive narrow band ultraviolet B therapy treatment with lichen planus, paired with the severity of the disease. Patients and methods The study consisted of 35 lichen planus patients and 30 healthy individuals. A 35 patient group received narrow band ultraviolet B therapy. An enzyme-related immunosorbent assay procedure was used in serum neopterin analysis before and post-therapy. Results The correlation between the level and severity of the patient group was statistically significant (P = .001). In patients with severe disease, serum neopterin levels were significantly increased. Also, in the severe lichen planus group, the serum neopterin level was statistically higher than that of the mild or moderate groups (P = .