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RESULTS In the discovery analysis, compared to non-PTSD participants, PTSD participants exhibited 1) higher slow-spindle oscillatory frequency over the antero-frontal regions on both nights and 2) higher fast-spindle oscillatory frequency over the centro-parietal regions on the second night. The first finding was preserved in the replication analysis. We found no significant group differences in the amplitude, duration, or density of slow or fast spindles. CONCLUSIONS The elevated spindle oscillatory frequency in PTSD may indicate a deficient sensory-gating mechanism responsible for preserving sleep continuity. Our findings, if independently validated, may assist in the development of sleep-focused PTSD diagnostics and interventions. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Sleep Research Society (SRS) 2020. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.OBJECTIVE The study aimed to understand how physical therapists used practice guidelines to manage patients with knee OA in Australia. METHODS This study used a concurrent triangulation mixed method approach to explore how physical therapists applied clinical guidelines when managing patients with knee OA in an outpatient setting via completion of a semi-structured interview. Interviews were thematically analysed by 2 investigators using an inductive approach. Themes were then triangulated to the results of an audit that evaluated the level of adherence to respective areas in the clinical guidelines among physical therapists at the participating site. RESULTS One main theme and 3 subthemes were identified from 18 participants i) physical therapists were most confident in applying guidelines to improving range of movement and strength, ii) lack of knowledge in prescription of aerobic exercise, weight and pain management, iii) pain is a bigger barrier in areas where knowledge is lacking, iv) lack of clarity around the scope of practice. Themes converged with the reported level of adherence to guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Physical therapists commonly include range of movement and muscle strength exercises when managing people with knee OA. However, they were less confident in prescribing aerobic exercise and recommending weight and pain management strategies. IMPACT Apart from the need to upskill physical therapists in the aforementioned areas of clinical practice, the role of a physical therapist in the management of people with knee OA requires further clarification. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sar439859.html SAR439859 concentration] © 2020 American Physical Therapy Association.The industrial solvents benzene and trichloroethylene (TCE) are known carcinogens, and these solvents contaminated the drinking water at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune from the 1950s to 1980s. Benzene and TCE are linked to the hematopoietic cancers acute myelocytic and lymphocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We report the case of a veteran stationed at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune during this period who developed hairy cell leukemia (HCL), a rare form of lymphocytic leukemia. We review his presentation, medical history, solvent exposure, and literature on the carcinogenicity of benzene and TCE. This patient represents a possible link of TCE or benzene to HCL. The case also informs clinicians of the updated epidemiology with regards to clinical findings for HCL. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2020. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.The back-n project in China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) was launched primarily for nuclear data measurements. In the backscattering neutron hall, the neutron and gamma monitors were used for dose monitoring. Because of the dead time problem of monitors, performance of the monitors in such pulsed radiation field needs to be analyzed. In this research, experiments with dose monitors and personal dosemeters were conducted, and simulation by Monte Carlo code FLUKA was performed. Results showed that the values by monitors are smaller, and the larger the dose, the larger the difference. The reasons in term of energy response and dead time have been analyzed, and corrections were discussed. After corrections, the measured value can agree with the simulation results in the range of about a factor 3. Totally speaking, the values recorded by neutron and gamma monitors can be a reference for radiation safety management in CSNS. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Uveal melanoma (UM) arises from malignant transformation of melanocytes in the uveal tract of the eye. This rare tumor has a poor outcome with frequent chemo-resistant liver metastases. BAP1 is the only known predisposing gene for UM. UMs are generally characterized by low tumor mutation burden (TMB), but some UMs display a high level of CpG&gt;TpG mutations associated with MBD4 inactivation. Here, we explored the incidence of germline MBD4 variants in a consecutive series of 1,093 primary UM cases and a series of 192 UM tumors with monosomy 3 (M3). METHODS We performed MBD4 targeted-sequencing on pooled germline (n = 1,093) and tumor (n = 192) DNA samples of UM patients. MBD4 variants (n = 28) were validated by Sanger sequencing. We performed Whole-Exome Sequencing on available tumor samples harboring MBD4 variants (n = 9). Variants of unknown significance were further functionally assessed. RESULTS We identified 8 deleterious MBD4 mutations in the consecutive UM series, a 9.15 [CI95% 4.24-19.73] -fold increased incidence compared with the general population (Fisher exact test, P = 2.00 × 10-5, two-sided), and 4 additional deleterious MBD4 mutations in the M3 cohort, including three germline and one somatic mutations. Tumors carrying deleterious MBD4 mutations were all associated with high TMB and a CpG&gt;TpG hypermutator phenotype. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that MBD4 is a new predisposing gene for UM, associated with hypermutated M3 tumors. The tumor spectrum of this predisposing condition will likely expand with the addition of MBD4 to diagnostic panels. Tumors arising in such a context should be recognized as they may respond to immunotherapy. © The Author(s) (2020). Published by Oxford University Press.