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rmation. It is necessary to provide exact registry systems for health policies, especially in developing countries.Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are at high risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between renal dysfunction and all-cause mortality in a sample of subjects undergoing coronary angiography (CA). We evaluated 1017 subjects who consecutively underwent CA. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated by CKD-EPI and urinary albumin excretion reported as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Vital status was ascertained by interrogating the Italian Health Card Database. One-thousand-seventeen subjects (759 M/258F) were enrolled into the study from 2016 to 2018. One-hundred-fourteen deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 44 months. The whole population was divided in two subgroups according to the presence/absence of low eGFR (i.e.  less then  60 ml/min/1.73 m2). Subjects with low baseline eGFR had a worse clinical profile than subjects with preserved kidney function. The risk of death in subjects with eGFR  less then  60 ml/min/1.73 m2 was almost three times higher than in subjects with preserved kidney function fully adjusted HR 2.70 (95% CI 1.56-4.67). The presence of albuminuria also predicted a high risk of death fully adjusted HR 2.09 (95% CI 1.17-3.73) and HR 4.26 (95% CI 2.18-8.33), microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria, respectively, being normoalbuminuria the reference group. Again, the increased risk remained significant after adjusting for several potential confounders. In conclusion, kidney disease measures (i.e. low eGFR or albuminuria) independently predict increased risk for all-cause death in a large sample of subjects undergoing CA. These results have a relevant clinical impact.Several guidelines on the evaluation of patients with suspected cervical spine trauma in the Emergency Department (ED) exist. High heterogeneity between different guidelines has been reported. Aim of this study was to find areas of agreement and disagreement between guidelines, to identify topics in which further research is needed and to provide an evidence-based cervical spine trauma algorithm for ED physicians. The three most relevant guidelines published on cervical spine trauma in the last 10 years were selected screening websites of the main scientific societies and through the comparison of a normalized Google Scholar and SCOPUS citation index. We compared the selected guidelines through seven a-priori defined questions. In case of disagreement between the guidelines or if the quality of evidence appeared low, evidence from published systematic reviews on the topic was added to build an evidence-based algorithm for approach to spinal trauma in the ED. The three selected guidelines were NICE 2016, Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma 2009 and American Association of Neurological Surgeons and Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2013. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Isradipine(Dynacirc).html check details] We found complete agreement on one question, partial agreement for one questions, no agreement for two questions, while agreement was not assessable for 3 questions. The agreement between different guidelines and the evidence on which recommendations are based is low. An attempt to build an evidence-based algorithm has been made. More studies are needed on many topics.In April 2020, close to the start of the first U.K. COVID-19 lockdown, the U.K. government announced the development of a COVID-19 contact tracing app, which was later trialled on the U.K. island, the Isle of Wight, in May/June 2020. United Kingdom surveys found general support for the development of such an app, which seemed strongly influenced by public trust. Institutions developing the app were called upon to fulfil the commitment to public trust by acting with trustworthiness. Such calls presuppose that public trust associated with the app can emerge if the conditions for trustworthiness are met and that public trust is simplistic, i.e., linearly the sum of each member of the publics' individual - U.K. government trust relationship. Drawing on a synthesis of the trust literature and fifteen interviews with members of the public trialling the app on the Isle of Wight, this paper aims to explore what trust mechanisms and relationships are at play when thinking about public trust in the context of the U.K. COVID-19 app. We argue that public trust is a complex social phenomenon and not linearly correlated with institutional trustworthiness. As such, attention needs to widen from calls for trustworthy infrastructures as a way to build public trust, to a deeper understanding of those doing the trusting; in particular, what or whom do people place their trust in (or not) when considering whether using the app and why. An understanding of this will help when trying to secure public trust during the implementation of necessary public health measures.Natural products, especially polyphenols (phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes) are suggested to be more potent anticancer drugs because of their no or less adverse effects, excess availability, high accuracy, and secure mode of action. In the present review, potential anticancer mechanisms of action of some polyphenols including phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes are discussed based on clinical, epidemiological, in vivo, and in vitro studies. The emerging evidence revealed that phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes induced apoptosis in the treatment of breast (MCF-7), colon (Caco-2), lung (SKLU-1), prostate (DU-145 and LNCaP), hepatocellular (hepG-2), and cervical (A-431) cancer cells, cell cycle arrest (S/G2/M/G1-phases) in gastric (MKN-45 and MKN-74), colorectal (HCT-116), bladder (T-24 and 5637), oral (H-400), leukemic (HL-60 and MOLT-4) and colon (Caco-2) cancer cells, and inhibit cell proliferation against the prostate (PC-3), liver (LI-90), breast (T47D and MDA-MB-231), colon (HT-29 and Caco-2), cervical (HTB-35), and MIC-1 cancer cells through caspase-3, MAPK, AMPK, Akt, NF-κB, Wnt, CD95, and SIRT1 pathways. Based on accumulated data, we suggested that polyphenols could be considered as a viable therapeutic option in the treatment of cancer cells in the near future.<br /><br /> In excess of 100 million procedures using iodinated radio-contrast media are conducted each year. There is a common misunderstanding regarding the links between allergy to iodinated substances and the risk of allergic reaction to intravenous iodinated contrast agents. These perceived risks are managed via administration of corticosteroids or avoidance of iodinated contrast altogether.<br /><br /> An extensive review of published literature on scientific databases and international guidelines was conducted in order to inform the research question. A questionnaire was formulated and distributed to hospital doctors in four tertiary centres. Within this questionnaire, hospital doctors were presented with six different scenarios of bona fide allergy to iodinated substances (e.g. shellfish) and asked to select the treatment response option which they deemed to be the most suitable from a choice of three (standard contrast scan/delay scan with pre-medication/change to non-contrast scan).<br /><br /> Eighty-seven questionnaire respons and ordering of non-contrast scans in the setting of a gold-standard enhanced scan. Findings from this study suggest that there is a need for future education efforts targeted during the basic specialty training stage.Acceptance and rejection by parents and peers play an important role in pre-adolescents' educational outcomes. Prior research focused on either parents or peers, did not encompass effects into adulthood, or considered either acceptance or rejection. This study investigated the relation between parental and peer acceptance and rejection, and their interplay, in pre-adolescence and educational attainment in early adulthood. A sample of 2229 pre-adolescents (Mage T1 = 11.11, SD = 0.56; 50.7% girls) was followed to early adulthood (Mage T5 = 22.29, SD = 0.65). Ordinal logistic regression showed that pre-adolescents' perceived parental acceptance was positively related to educational attainment in early adulthood, whereas peer rejection was negatively related, even when WISC score and socioeconomic status were considered. No interaction effects were found, revealing no "dual-hit effect" of being rejected by parents and peers, no "dual-miss effect" of being accepted by parents and peers, and no effects of acceptance in one context (i.e., parents or peers) buffering the negative effect of rejection in the other context. The findings underscore unique and long-term links of parental acceptance and peer rejection with early adults' educational attainment, underlining the importance of not only peers but also parents in adolescence. These insights can be used in promoting long-term educational outcomes through relationships with parents and peers.<br /><br /> Ahmed glaucoma valv (AGV) implantation is one of the successful surgical methods in secondary glaucoma that develops after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). In our study, we aimed to evaluate the 1-year results of AGV implantation in patients with a history of PPV.<br /><br /> A total of 26 patients who underwent AGV implantation after PPV were included in our retrospective study. Fourteen of 26 patients had AGV implantation due to neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and 12 of them had secondary refractory galucoma. Data of these two groups of patients were evaluated in terms of IOP reduction, number of medication use, surgical complete and qualified success, surgical failure, and complications.<br /><br /> The mean IOP was 29.54 ± 4.87mmHg at the preoperative of AGV implantation and 12.88 ± 4.17 at the twelfth month visit in overal group. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of IOP in preoperative and all postoperative visits (p &gt; 0.05). The mean intervals between PPV and AGV implantation were 67 ± 34days in NVG and 391 ± 500days in non-NVG group (p = 0.017). In overall group, 91.7% of patients had improvement in BCVA at the twelfth month visit. Complete and qualified surgical success rates were 75%, 83.3% in NVG group and 50%, 91.7% in non-NVG group, respectively. There was no devastating complication in both groups.<br /><br /> AGV implantation is a safe and effective surgical method in uncontrolled IOP elevations after PPV. While surgical success and failure rates were similar between etiologies, the time required for AGV implantation after PPV was shorter in NVG etiology.<br /><br />AGV implantation is a safe and effective surgical method in uncontrolled IOP elevations after PPV. While surgical success and failure rates were similar between etiologies, the time required for AGV implantation after PPV was shorter in NVG etiology.<br /><br /> To evaluate the behavior of the lamina cribrosa (LC) following successful phacoemulsification (PE) surgery in non-glaucomatous PXS cases with cataract.<br /><br /> A total of 25 bilateral PXS and 56 non-PXS cataract patients were included in this prospective, interventional, and controlled study. The lamina cribrosa thickness (LCt) and anterior laminar depth (ALD) were measured horizontally and vertically from two sections using EDI-OCT. The measurements were taken preoperatively, and the LCt and ALD measurements were repeated at week one (W1), month one (M1), month two (M2), and month three (M3) postoperatively.<br /><br /> The baseline horizontal and vertical LCt values were found to be significantly thinner in the PXS group (p = 0.001, p = 0.006 respectively). The horizontal section ALD values were 463.32 ± 98.82µm and 383.88 ± 85.8µm (p &lt; 0.001) for the PXS and non-PXS groups, respectively, and this significance continued during follow-up. The vertical ALD values were 469.64 ± 117.83µm and 390.3 ± 98.1µm (p = 0.002) in the PXS and non-PXS groups, respectively.