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Idiopathic rhinitis, a subtype of non-allergic rhinitis, has been poorly studied in children, and its rates are known to be lower than those in adults. The prevalence of non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome is even lower. A correlation between non-allergic rhinitis and pollution has been suggested owing to the recent increase in non-allergic rhinitis rates in highly developing regions such as some Asian countries, but many aspects remain unknown. Conventional treatments include antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, and recent treatments include combination of intranasal corticosteroids with azelastin or decongestants. Here we review the prevalence, diagnosis, comorbidities, and treatment recommendations for non-allergic rhinitis versus allergic rhinitis in children.Acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) occurs as an inflammatory response to an initial myocardial insult. Its rapid and deadly progression calls for prompt diagnosis with aggressive treatment measures. The demonstration of its excellent recovery potential has led to increasing use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS), especially ECMO. Arrhythmias, organ failure, elevated cardiac biomarkers and decreased ventricular function at presentation predict requirement for ECMO. In these patients, ECMO should be considered earlier as the clinical course of AFM can be unpredictable and can lead to rapid haemodynamic collapse. Key uncertainties that clinicians face when managing children with AFM such as timing of initiation of ECMO and LV decompression need further investigation.<br /><br /> Considering the importance of dairy farming and the negative effects of heat stress, more tolerant genotypes need to be identified. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of heat stress via temperature-humidity index (THI) and diurnal temperature variation (DTV) in the genetic evaluations for daily milk yield of Holstein dairy cattle, using random regression models.<br /><br /> The data comprised 94,549 test-day records of 11,294 first parity Holstein cows from Brazil, collected from 1997 to 2013, and bioclimatic data (THI and DTV) from 18 weather stations. Least square linear regression models were used to determine the THI and DTV thresholds for milk yield losses caused by heat stress. In addition to the standard model (SM, without bioclimatic variables), THI and DTV were combined in various ways and tested for different days, totaling 41 models.<br /><br /> The THI and DTV thresholds for milk yield losses was THI = 74 (-0.106 kg/d/THI) and DTV = 13 (-0.045 kg/d/DTV). The model that included THI and DTV as fixed effects, considering the two-day average, presented better fit (-2logL, Akaike information criterion, and Bayesian information criterion). The estimated breeding values (EBVs) and the reliabilities of the EBVs improved when using this model.<br /><br /> Sires are re-ranking when heat stress indicators are included in the model. Genetic evaluation using the mean of two days of THI and DTV as fixed effect, improved EBVs and EBVs reliability.<br /><br />Sires are re-ranking when heat stress indicators are included in the model. Genetic evaluation using the mean of two days of THI and DTV as fixed effect, improved EBVs and EBVs reliability.<br /><br /> To estimate effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on the estimated breeding value of Hungarian Grey (HG) bulls and to find markers associated with horn colour.<br /><br /> Genotypes 136 HG animals were determined on Geneseek high-density Bovine SNP 150K BeadChip. A multi-locus mixed-model was applied for statistical analyses.<br /><br /> Six SNPs were identified to be associated (-log10P&gt;10) with green and white horn. These loci are located on chromosome 1, 3, 9, 18 and 25. Seven loci (on chromosome 1, 3, 6, 9, 10, 28) showed considerable association (-log10P&gt;10) with the estimated breeding value.<br /><br /> Analysis provides markers for further research of horn colour and supplies markers to achieve more effective selection work regarding estimated breeding value of HG.<br /><br />Analysis provides markers for further research of horn colour and supplies markers to achieve more effective selection work regarding estimated breeding value of HG.<br /><br /> If fertilization does not occur within a specific period of time, the quality of unfertilized oocytes in the oviduct (in vivo aging) or in culture (in vitro aging) will deteriorate over time. Icariin (ICA), found in all species of Epimedium herbs, has strong antioxidant activity and is thought to exert anti-aging effects in vitro. We asked whether ICA protects oocytes against age-related changes in vitro.<br /><br /> We analyzed the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and expression of antioxidant, maternal, and estrogen receptor genes, and along with spindle morphology, and the developmental competence and quality of embryos in the presence and absence of ICA.<br /><br /> Treatment with 5 µM ICA (ICA-5) led to a significant reduction in ROS activity, but increased mRNA expression of glutathione and antioxidant genes (SOD1, SOD2, PRDX5, and NFE2L2), during aging in vitro. In addition, ICA-5 prevented defects in spindle formation and chromosomal alignment, and increased mRNA expression of cytoplasmic maturation factor genes (BMP15, CCNB1, MOS, and GDF9). It also prevented apoptosis, increased mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2L1 and BIRC5), and reduced mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAK1 and CASP3). Although the maturation and cleavage rates were similar in all groups, the total cell number per blastocyst and the percentage of apoptotic cells at the blastocyst stage were higher and lower, respectively, in the control and ICA-5 groups than in the aging group.<br /><br /> ICA protects oocytes against damage during aging in vitro; therefore, it can be used to improve assisted reproductive technologies.<br /><br />ICA protects oocytes against damage during aging in vitro; therefore, it can be used to improve assisted reproductive technologies.<br /><br /> The objectives of this study were to investigate the direct antioxidative effect of Hsp90 obtained from duck muscle.<br /><br /> The interaction of Hsp90 with phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids was studied with surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and their further oxidation in the presence of Hsp90 was evaluated with TBARS assay. The scavenging effect on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) was measured, and the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) in combination with BMPO and PTIO was utilized to determine the abilities of Hsp90 in scavenging hydroxyl and PTIO radicals.<br /><br /> SPR showed Hsp90 could bind with both phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids, and prevent their further oxidation by the TBARS assay. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity increased with Hsp90 concentration, and could reach 27% and 20% respectively at the protein concentration of 50 μM. The EPR spectra demonstrated Hsp90 could directly scavenge •OH and PTIO• radicals.<br /><br /> This suggests that Hsp90, a natural antioxidant in meat, may play an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress, and may have potential use in meat products.<br /><br />This suggests that Hsp90, a natural antioxidant in meat, may play an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress, and may have potential use in meat products.<br /><br /> Wheat bran (WB) was co-fermented with Aspergillus oryzae and phytase to see if co-fermentation improve wheat bran phosphorus and fiber utilization in Isa-brown layers.<br /><br /> A total of 112 Isa brown layer were randomly divided into 7 treatments with 8 replicates per a treatment and 2 hens per a replicate. The treatment include basal diet (Control), basal diet supplemented with 250 unit/kg phytase (Control+Phy), diet with 10% WB (10% WB), diet with 5% WB and 250 unit/kg phytase (5% WB+Phy) diet with 10% WB and 250 unit/kg phytase (10% WB+Phy), diet with 5% PCFWH and 125 unit/kg phytase (5% PCFWH), and diet with 10% PCFWH (10% PCFWH). The intestinal microbial population, intestinal morphology, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and excreta phosphorus content was assessed.<br /><br /> In PCFWH, spore counts, protease activity, xylanase activity, and ferulic acid were 8.50 log/g DM, 190 unit/g DM, 120 unit/g DM, and 127 μg/g, respectively. Xylobiose and xylotriose were released in PCFWH, while they were not detectable in WB. Antioxidant capacity was also enhanced in PCFWH compare to WB. The 10% WB+Phy and 10% PCFWH groups produced higher egg mass, a but hens fed 5% WB+Phy consumed the lowest amount of feed intake. Eggs from 10% PCFWH had better eggshell weight, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness. Birds fed with 10% PCFWH also had higher serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. Compare to control, 10% PCFWH significantly reduced excreta phosphorus content.<br /><br /> 10 % PCFWH in diet improved egg quality, antioxidant status, and excreta phosphorus content of laying hens.<br /><br />10 % PCFWH in diet improved egg quality, antioxidant status, and excreta phosphorus content of laying hens.<br /><br /> The present study evaluated the preservation of ram semen at 0°C using soybean lecithin with a Tris-fructose extender.<br /><br /> Semen was collected by artificial vagina ejaculation from six rams with proven fertility. High quality ejaculates were diluted by soybean lecithin (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.25%) using Tris-fructose extender and control (Tris-fructose egg yolk extender), respectively. The ejaculates were diluted to a concentration of 5×108 sperm/mL, followed by cooling to 0°C in 90 min and maintaining the temperature for 12 days. The diluted semen samples were examined and recorded for sperm progressive motility, acrosome integrity at 0, 24, 72, 144, 216, 288 h, respectively. Two hundred and twenty-three ewes were inseminated for 216 h with optimal soybean lecithin concentrated semen or control via trans-cervical insemination.<br /><br /> The results showed that there were no differences in sperm progressive motility at 0, 24, 72, and 144 h (p&gt;0.05). After 216 h, the sperm progressive motility in the control gfter insemination.Bovine mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most common disease of dairy cattle causing economic losses due to reduced yield and poor quality of milk. The etiological agents include a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and can be either contagious (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Mycoplasma spp.) or environmental (e.g., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus uberis). Improving sanitation such as enhanced milking hygiene, implementation of post-milking teat disinfection, maintenance of milking machines are general measures to prevent new cases of mastitis, but treatment of active mastitis infection is dependant mainly on antibiotics. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/plerixafor.html Plerixafor] However, the extensive use of antibiotics increased concerns about emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and that led the dairy industries to reduce the use of antibiotics. Therefore, alternative therapies for prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis, particularly natural products from plants and animals, have been sought. This review provides an overview of bovine mastitis in the aspects of risk factors, control and treatments, and emerging therapeutic alternatives in the control of bovine mastitis.