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The current absence of a disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer disease highlights the necessity for the benefits of nonpharmacological approaches. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/4-phenylbutyric-acid-4-pba-.html read more] We aimed to investigate the effect of exercise in older patients with Alzheimer dementia.This is an observational, prospective cohort study in medical center. Eighty older patients with Alzheimer dementia, including 54 with mild dementia and 26 with moderate dementia, were followed up over 2 years. Patients were divided into exercise and no-exercise groups according to their weekly exercise habit. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR), and senior fitness test were checked initially. We defined death and unexpected hospitalization as the outcomes.Age, sex, education years, and MMSE showed no significant differences between the groups (P &gt; .05) in all patients. All the patients of the exercise group had significantly better left upper body strength, higher aerobic endurance, and left and right balance maintenance time than those of the no-exercise group (P .05). The exercise group had significantly better lower body strength, left upper body strength, aerobic endurance, right upper body flexibility, lower body flexibility, balance maintenance, and agility than the no-exercise group in patients with mild dementia (P less then .05). Moreover, the exercise group had significantly lesser unexpected hospitalization than the no-exercise group in the patients with mild dementia (P = .037).Despite the similarity in the status of dementia, exercise habit was found to be associated with a better senior fitness test score status. Hence, exercise can decrease unexpected hospitalization in patients with mild dementia but not those with total dementia.Background Inconsistent findings have been reported regarding the association of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) with survival outcome in patients with pancreatic cancer. We conducted the current meta-analysis to assess the prognostic utility of elevated baseline CAR in predicting overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer patients. Methods A comprehensively literature search was performed in the PubMed and Embase database until February 10, 2019. Studies evaluating the association between pretreatment CAR and OS among pancreatic cancer were selected. Study quality was evaluated by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Nine retrospective studies involving 1534 pancreatic cancer patients were identified. A meta-analysis using a random-effect model indicated that elevated CAR was associated with poor OS (hazard ratio 1.98; 95% confidence interval 1.58-2.48). Subgroup analysis produced similar prognostic values for OS in different geographical regions, sample sizes, thresholds of CAR, treating methods, and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale points. Conclusion Elevated pretreatment CAR may independently predict poor OS in pancreatic cancer patients. Pretreatment CAR is possibly a simple and cost-effective blood-derived indicator for predicting survival outcome in patients with pancreatic cancer.Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most commonly diagnosed congenital disorder in newborns. The incidence and mortality of CHD vary worldwide. A detailed understanding of the global, regional, and national distribution of CHD is critical for CHD prevention.We collected the incidence and mortality data of CHD from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017 database. Average annual percentage change was applied to quantify the temporal trends of CHD incidence and mortality at the global, regional, and national level, 1990-2017. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility.The incidence of CHD was relatively high in developing countries located in Africa and Asia, while low in most developed countries. Between 1990 and 2017, the CHD incidence rate remained stable at the global level, whereas increased in certain developed countries, such as Germany and France. The age-standardized mortality rate of CHD declined substantially over the last 3 decades, regardless of sex, age, and SDI region. The decline was more prominent in developed countries. We also detected a significant positive correlation between CHD incidence and CHD mortality in both 1990 and 2017, by SDI.The incidence of CHD remained stable over the last 3 decades, suggesting little improvement in CHD prevention strategies and highlighting the importance of etiological studies. The mortality of CHD decreased worldwide, albeit the greatly geographical heterogeneity. Developing countries located in Africa and Asia deserve more attention and priority in the global CHD prevention program.Background Existing literature shows several discrepancies in parenting style between urban and rural China, but conclusions are confusing. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is to consider these inconsistencies and explore the influences of several moderator variables. Methods Literature search will be conducted on PubMed, OVID, the Web of Knowledge, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan fang and Chongqing VIP database without language/date/type of document restrictions. The Software Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 will be used to compare all the selected articles. Moreover, study quality was assessed with a checklist. Method and analysis Literature search will be conducted on PubMed, OVID, the Web of Knowledge, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan fang and Chongqing VIP database without language/date/type of document restrictions. We will use Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software to conduct main meta-analysis. The primary outcomes are scores/subscores measured by the Chinese version of Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran, Parental Bonding Instrument, and any other questionnaires including parenting style. Ethics and dissemination Not needed because no data will be collected. Trials registration number INPLASY202050010.The present retrospective cohort study was designed to determine body mass index (BMI) at the delivery in women undergoing cesarean section in a Japanese urban area, and whether the nerve block height after spinal anesthesia upon the cesarean delivery relates to the lower maternal BMI, less gestational age, or underweight fetus at birth in the population.A total of 401 pregnant women undergoing cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia were evaluated retrospectively. We examined background differences, including BMI at the delivery, gestational age, and fetal birth weight between the cases with and without the adequate initial nerve block height less than the sixth thoracic vertebral level (Th6) after the spinal dose administration.The data demonstrated advanced maternal age pregnancy (median 35.5 years) and normal BMI (median 24.7) at the delivery in the population. The patients with the inadequate initial nerve block height immediately after the spinal dose administration documented significantly lower block height compared with those with adequate block height (Th8 [n = 55] vs Th4 [n = 346], P less then 0.