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Finally, the molecular interactions between enzyme and potential inhibitors were further verified via the molecular docking, and a new compound with a theoretically good coagulation inhibition effect was designed by the scaffold hopping study. In summary, the developed THR-FXa IMER is a reliable method for screening THR and/or FXa inhibitors. V.Emulsifiers of the type E&nbsp;472 are esters of fruit acids and mono- and diacylglycerols (MAG and DAG), which are used to adjust techno-functional properties in various food products. The most dominant representatives of E 472 emulsifiers are acetic acid esters (E&nbsp;472a), lactic acid esters (E&nbsp;472b), citric acid esters (E&nbsp;472c), and mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters (E&nbsp;472e). For the determination of fruit acids, a high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet light (HPLC-UV) detection was developed. Free and total fruit acids were determined by reversed phase HPLC-UV analysis of untreated and saponified emulsifier extracts with 20&nbsp;mM potassium hydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 2.6) as isocratic eluent. Limits of quantitation of 0.08-0.27&nbsp;g free fruit acid/kg emulsifier and 4-14&nbsp;g total fruit acid/kg granted a reliable method with recoveries for free and total fruit acids between 80 and 100% with relative standard deviations (%RSD) below 4%. For the quantitation of free glycerol by spectrophotometry, an enzymatic assay was optimized for the analysis of E&nbsp;472 providing reliable results with %RSD values below 9%. In addition, the ash content of E&nbsp;472 emulsifiers was determined. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of an enhanced recovery after minimally invasive surgery (MIS-ERAS) protocol on opioid requirements and post-operative pain in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy on a gynecologic oncology service. METHODS For this retrospective study, opioid use (oral morphine equivalents (OME)) and post-operative pain scores were compared between patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy pre and post MIS-ERAS protocol implementation. Patients with chronic opioid use or chronic pain were excluded. Opioid use and pain scores were compared between groups using Wilcoxon Rank Sum, Student's t-test, and multiple linear regression. Compliance and factors associated with opioid use and pain scores were assessed. RESULTS The MIS-ERAS cohort (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;127) was compared to the historical cohort (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;99) with no differences in patient demographic, clinical or surgical characteristics observed between groups. Median intra-operative and inpatient post-operative opioid use were lower among the MIS-ERAS cohort (12.0 vs 32.0 OME, p&nbsp; less then &nbsp;.0001 and 20.0 vs 35.0 OME, p&nbsp;=&nbsp;.02, respectively). Pain scores among MIS-ERAS patients were also lower (mean 3.6 vs 4.1, p&nbsp;=&nbsp;.03). After controlling for age, BMI, operative time, length of stay, cancer diagnosis, and surgical approach, the MIS-ERAS cohort used 10.43 fewer OME intra-operatively (p&nbsp; less then &nbsp;.001), 10.97 fewer OME post-operatively (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;.019) and reported pain scores 0.56 points lower than historical controls (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;.013). Compliance was ≥81% for multimodal analgesia elements and ≥75% overall. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced recovery after minimally invasive surgery protocol implementation is an effective means to reduce opioid use, both in the intra-operative and post-operative phases of care, among gynecologic oncology patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy. Yogurt making traditionally relies on the simultaneous utilization of 2 starters Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, but these 2 strains normally metabolize the glucose portion of lactose and release galactose into extracellular medium, resulting in high levels of residual galactose and unfermented lactose in yogurt, which leads to several industrial and health concerns. In this study, we found that Lactobacillus plantarum could effectively metabolize both lactose and galactose. Comparative genomic analysis demonstrated the constant presence of a chromosome-encoded Leloir pathway for galactose metabolism in Lb. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Everolimus(RAD001).html RAD001] plantarum species, and the gal operon was driven by a strong constitutive promoter in Lb. plantarum WCFS1, displaying great potential in low-sugar yogurt making. To test this hypothesis, Lb. plantarum WCFS1 was co-cultured with S. thermophilus or Lb. bulgaricus in lactose-based medium. Results showed that lactose was consumed completely and galactose was metabolized efficiently. For yogurt making, co-cultivation of Lb. plantarum WCFS1 with yogurt starter cultures produced a higher reduction of total sugar content compared with the traditional fermentation processes. In addition, the sensory analysis indicated that the yogurt fermented with yogurt starter cultures and Lb. plantarum WCFS1 was acceptable to consumers in appearance, texture, and flavor. Therefore, this study emphasized the potential to manufacture low-sugar yogurt by the co-cultivation of Lb. plantarum with yogurt starter cultures. The annual rhythms of milk and milk component yields are not well described and are important to dairy management. Recent analysis of federal milk marketing orders in the United States observed that the amplitude and time at peak (acrophase) of the rhythms of milk fat and protein concentration differ among regions, but the rhythms of milk and milk component yields are not well described. Our objective was to determine the annual rhythms of milk and milk component production from 4 US regions at the herd level and examine potential environmental factors entraining these rhythms. Monthly Dairy Herd Improvement Association records of all available herds in Pennsylvania (PA), Minnesota (MN), Texas (TX), and Florida (FL) from the years 2003 to 2016 were obtained from Dairy Records Managements Systems. Milk yield, fat and protein yield, and fat and protein concentration were fit to the linear form of the cosine function with a 12-mo period using a linear mixed effects model. Additionally, the fit of models containi followed the fixed yearly pattern of the day to day changes in day length, whereas the rhythms of milk fat and protein concentrations followed the yearly pattern of absolute day length. Results suggest that the region of the United States in which a herd is located affects their annual rhythms of production, with a greater yearly variation in milk, fat, and protein yields occurring in the southern United States. The consistency of annual rhythms across years and herds allowed development of regression equations to adjust expectations across the year to account for the annual rhythm.