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Statins are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy. Although generally well tolerated, statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) represent the main reason for treatment discontinuation. Mitochondrial dysfunction of complex I has been implicated in the pathophysiology of SAMS. The present study proposed to assess the concentration-dependent ex vivo effects of three statins on mitochondrial respiration in viable human platelets and to investigate whether a cell-permeable prodrug of succinate (complex II substrate) can compensate for statin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial respiration was assessed by high-resolution respirometry in human platelets, acutely exposed to statins in the presence/absence of the prodrug NV118. Statins concentration-dependently inhibited mitochondrial respiration in both intact and permeabilized cells. Further, statins caused an increase in non-ATP generating oxygen consumption (uncoupling), severely limiting the OXPHOS coupling efficiency, a measure of the ATP generating capacity. Cerivastatin (commercially withdrawn due to muscle toxicity) displayed a similar inhibitory capacity compared with the widely prescribed and tolerable atorvastatin, but did not elicit direct complex I inhibition. NV118 increased succinate-supported mitochondrial oxygen consumption in atorvastatin/cerivastatin-exposed platelets leading to normalization of coupled (ATP generating) respiration. The results acquired in isolated human platelets were validated in a limited set of experiments using atorvastatin in HepG2 cells, reinforcing the generalizability of the findings.Porous materials hold great potential in the field of sound absorption, but the most abundantly used materials, such as Polyurethane (PU) foam and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam, would inevitably bring environmental harms during fabrication. In this study, the nontoxic addition-molded room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is chosen as the matrix, and NaCl particles are chosen as the pore forming agent to prepare open cell foams via the dissolve-separating foaming method. The effect of different amounts of NaCl (0-100 phr) on the cell structure, mechanical and sound absorption properties is investigated and analyzed. The results indicate that the cell structure could be tailored via changing the addition amount of NaCl, and open cell silicon rubber foams could be achieved with more than 20 phr NaCl addition. Open cell silicon foams show the most effective sound absorption for sound waves in middle frequency (1000-2000 Hz), which should be attributed to the improved impedance matching caused by the open cell structures. Additionally, the mechanical properties, including hardness, tensile strength and corresponding elastic properties, gradually decay to a steady value with the increasing addition amount of NaCl. [https://www.selleckchem.com/EGFR(HER).html selleck inhibitor] Therefore, open cell silicone rubber foams are capable of sound absorption in middle frequency.Al-Mg-Si based alloys are popular alloys used in the automotive industry. However, limited studies have been performed to investigate the microstructure, deformation characteristics, and deformation mechanism for the semi-solid 6063 alloys. In this study, the cold radial forging method and semi-solid isothermal treatment (SSIT) are proposed in the semi-solid isothermal compression (SSIC) process to fabricate high-quality semi-solid 6063 billets. The effects of deformation temperature, strain rate, and strain on the microstructure, deformation characteristics, and deformation mechanism of the SSIC of cold radial forged 6063 alloys were investigated experimentally. Constitutive equations were established based on the measured data in experiments to predict the flow stress. Results show that an average grain size in the range from 59.22 to 73.02 μm and an average shape factor in the range from 071 to 078 can be obtained in the microstructure after the cold radial forged 6063 alloys were treated with SSIT process. Four stages (i.e., sharp increase, decrease, steady state, and slow increase) were observed in the true stress- true strain curve. The correlation coefficient of the constitutive equation was obtained as 0.9796 while the average relative error was 5.01%. The deformation mechanism for SSIC of cold radial forged aluminum alloy 6063 mainly included four modes The liquid phase flow, grain slide or grain rotation along with the liquid film, slide among solid grains, and the plastic deformation of solid grains.Hexagonal boron nitride was synthesized by pyrolysis using boric acid and melamine. At this time, to impart luminescence, rare earth cerium ions were added to synthesize hexagonal boron nitride nanophosphor particles exhibiting deep blue emission. To investigate the changes in crystallinity and luminescence according to the re-heating temperature, samples which had been subjected to pyrolysis at 900 °C were subjected to re-heating from 1100 °C to 1400 °C. Crystallinity and luminescence were enhanced according to changes in the reheating temperature. The synthesized cerium ion-doped hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticle phosphor was applied to the anti-counterfeiting field to prepare an ink that can only be identified under UV light.<br /><br /> In this study, we introduce a multi-modal sensing and feedback framework aimed at assisting clinicians during endovascular surgeries and catheterization procedures. This framework utilizes state-of-the-art imaging and sensing sub-systems to produce a 3D visualization of an endovascular catheter and surrounding vasculature without the need for intra-operative X-rays.<br /><br /> The catheterization experiments within this study are conducted inside a porcine limb undergoing motions. A hybrid position-force controller of a robotically-actuated ultrasound (US) transducer for uneven porcine tissue surfaces is introduced. The tissue, vasculature, and catheter are visualized by integrated real-time US images, 3D surface imaging, and Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors.<br /><br /> During externally-induced limb motions, the vasculature and catheter can be reliably reconstructed at mean accuracies of 1.9±0.3 mm and 0.82±0.21 mm, respectively.<br /><br /> The conventional use of intra-operative X-ray imaging to visualize instruments and vasculature in the human body can be reduced by employing improved diagnostic technologies that do not operate via ionizing radiation or nephrotoxic contrast agents.