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Learning by observation, learning by doing, increased motivation, autonomy, constructive feedback and reflection augmented the facilitation skills, while unawareness about reflective practices and peer coaching were identified as major obstacles in personal and professional growth of faculty.<br /><br /> Cognitive peer coaching was found to be a dynamic, innovative and feasible faculty development approach that contributed to the learning of facilitation skills from psychological, emotional and social perspective.<br /><br />Cognitive peer coaching was found to be a dynamic, innovative and feasible faculty development approach that contributed to the learning of facilitation skills from psychological, emotional and social perspective.<br /><br /> To evaluate the parallelism of natural maxillary occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line and ala-tragus line, and to evaluate the anatomic relationship of natural mandibular occlusal plane with retromolar pad among dentate subjects.<br /><br /> The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to February 2018 at Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, and comprised front and profile photographs of subjects aged 20-28 years while holding the camper's plane against the maxillary occlusal plane. The photographs were imported in a software and an interpupillary line was drawn and the angle with Camper's plane was measured. On both profile pictures, lines were drawn from base of the ala to the superior, middle and inferior points on the tragus. The angle between ala-tragus line and Camper's plane were measured. Intra-orally, height of the mandibular occlusal plane in relation to the retromolar pad was evaluated using a stainless steel scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.<br /><br /> Of the 109 subjects with a mean age of 23.03±1.36 years, 76(69.72%) were females. Horizontal parallelism of occlusal plane with inter-pupillary line was observed with a mean angle of 1.17±1.27 degrees. The angle between the occlusal plane and the inferior ala-tragus line was 4.25 degrees on the right side, and 4.50 degrees on the left. Intraorally, mandibular occlusal plane coincided with the inferior 48(44%) and the middle third 48(44%) of the retromolar pad.<br /><br /> Inter-pupillary line and retromolar pad area should be used as a guide in the determination of plane of occlusion. The ala-tragus line was not found to be a reliable guide.<br /><br />Inter-pupillary line and retromolar pad area should be used as a guide in the determination of plane of occlusion. The ala-tragus line was not found to be a reliable guide.<br /><br /> To investigate the role of religiosity, optimism, depression, death anxiety and differences in demographic characteristics among cancer patients.<br /><br /> The cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to July 2019 in three different hospitals of Lahore and Faisalabad, Pakistan, and comprised patients with diagnosed stage 1 and 2 cancer. Non-cancer subjects were enrolled as the control group. Data was collected using the Short Muslim Practice and Brief Scale, the Siddiqui-Shah Depression Scale, Death Anxiety Scale and the revised version of Life Orientation Test. One-way analysis of variance and other tests were used for data analyses.<br /><br /> Of the 400 subjects, 200(50%) each were cases and controls. Among the cases, 100(50%) each were males and females. There was a significant difference between cancer and non-cancer subjects on the variables of religiosity, optimism, depression and death anxiety (p&lt;0.05). Significant gender differences were found on the variables of religiosity, depression and death anxiety (p&lt;0.05), while the difference on the construct of optimism was non-significant among cancer patients (p&gt;0.05). Cancer patients of rural and urban areas were significantly different on the variables of religiosity, depression and death anxiety (p&lt;0.05), but the difference was non-significant on the optimism scale (p&gt;0.05). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ethyl-3-aminobenzoate-methanesulfonate.html read more] Also, the differences on death anxiety scale were significantly related to the type of cancer (p&lt;0.05).<br /><br /> There was a greater role of religiosity and optimism in controlling the level of depression and fear of death among cancer patients. Also, the role of gender, residential area and type of cancer was significant.<br /><br />There was a greater role of religiosity and optimism in controlling the level of depression and fear of death among cancer patients. Also, the role of gender, residential area and type of cancer was significant.<br /><br /> To assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students, and to analyse effects of demographics and nomophobia on depression, anxiety and stress.<br /><br /> The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from April 1 to May 23, 2019, and comprised male and female medical students aged 19-25 years. Data was collected using a demographic information form, the 21-item depression, anxiety and stress scale and the 20-item nomophobia questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.<br /><br /> Of the 230 students, 108(47%) were boys and 122 (53%) were girls. The overall mean age was 21.93±1.80 years. Anxiety, depression and stress was reported in 168 (74.6%), 158 (70.2%) and 127 (55.9%) of the students. Extremely severe anxiety, depression and stress were self-reported by 92 (40.9%), 38 (16.8%) and 16 (7.04%) students. There was a significant difference in the distribution of subjects within different levels of anxiety across gender (p&lt;0.05). Higher anxiety and stress scores were observed in 78 (33.9%) students with severe nomophobia. Differences in the levels of anxiety and stress with regards to type of residence and nomophobia levels were significant (p&lt;0.05).<br /><br /> There was high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress associated with gender, nomophobia levels and residence type.<br /><br />There was high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress associated with gender, nomophobia levels and residence type.<br /><br /> To determine the frequency of persistent pain in patients after breast cancer surgery, and to assess the distribution and characteristics of pain in such patients.<br /><br /> The prospective observational single cohort study was conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology and in the Breast Clinic of the Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from August 2016 to January 2017, and comprised adult female patients with biopsy-proven carcinoma of breast who were scheduled for elective definitive breast cancer surgery. The patients were followed up for up to three months post-surgery and those with persistent pain were followed up for six months post-operation. Data was analysed using SPSS 19.<br /><br /> Of the 120 patients, 26(21.7%) developed persistent post-surgical pain for up to three months, while in 17(14.2%) patients, the pain continued for up to six months after the operation. Among those with persistent post-surgical pain, 11(42.3%) had burning pain, 10(38.5%) had throbbing pain, 3(11.5%) had numbness and 2(7.