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Finally, it showed that the results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis for 10 unigenes that randomly selected were significantly consistent with RNA-seq data, which further assisted in the selection of salt stress-responsive candidate genes in Prunellae Spica. This study represents a significant step forward in understanding the salt tolerance mechanism of Prunellae Spica, and also provides a significant transcriptomic resource for future work.Serious concerns have been raised regarding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with respect to their potential threat to human health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been considered to be hotspots for ARGs. In this study, high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR) was used to profile size-dependent ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) divided by particle-associated (PA) assemblages (&gt;3.0-μm), free-living (FL) bacteria (0.2 - 3.0-μm) and cell-free (CF) DNA ( less then 0.2-μm) in two full-scale WWTPs (plants A and B) and a receiving stream. The results revealed that FL-ARGs were predominant in WWTPs and the receiving stream, especially in the final effluent of both plants. More than 40 types of CF-ARGs and CF-MGEs were detected with absolute abundances ranging from 6.0 ± 0.7 × 105 to 1.0 ± 0.2 × 108 copies/mL in wastewater, and relatively high abundances were also detected in the final effluent of the two plants, suggesting that CF-ARGs were important sources spreading from tn drivers of the size-fractionated ARG disseminations. This study provides novel insights into size-fractionated ARGs and MGEs in full-scale WWTPs and may lead to the identification of key targets to control the spread of ARGs.Stormwater is a major component of the urban water cycle contributing to street flooding and high runoff volumes in urban areas, and elevated contaminant concentrations in receiving waters from contact with impervious surfaces. Engineers and city planners are investing in best management practices to reduce runoff volume and to potentially capture and use urban stormwater. However, these current approaches result in moderate to low contaminant removal efficiencies for certain classes of contaminants (e.g., particles, nutrients, and some metals). This review describes options and opportunities to augment existing stormwater infrastructure with conventional and emerging reactive media to improve contaminant removal. This critical analysis characterizes media physicochemical properties and mechanisms contributing to contaminant removal, describes possible candidates for new engineered media, highlights lab and field studies investigating stormwater media contaminant removal, and identifies possible limitations and knowledge gaps in media implementation. Following this analysis, information is provided regarding factors that may contribute to or adversely impact urban stormwater treatment by media. The review closes with insights into additional research directions and important information necessary for safe and effective urban stormwater treatment using media.<br /><br /> The pathophysiology underlying metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) involves a multitude of interlinked processes, including insulin resistance (IR) underlying the metabolic syndrome, lipotoxicity attributable to the accumulation of toxic lipid species, infiltration of proinflammatory cells causing hepatic injury and ultimately leading to hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and fibrogenesis. The proximal processes, such as IR, lipid overload and lipotoxicity are relatively well established, but the downstream molecular mechanisms, such as inflammatory processes, hepatocyte lipoapoptosis, and fibrogenesis are incompletely understood.<br /><br /> A literature search was performed with Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Google Scholar electronic databases till June 2020, using relevant keywords (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; metabolic associated fatty liver disease; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; NASH pathogenesis) to extract relevant studies describing pathogenesis of MAFLD/MASH.<br /><br /> Several studies have repo dysfunctional gut microbiome and intestinal fructose handling present promising targets for the development of therapeutic agents.Focus on uncommon symptoms of COVID-19 Potential reason for spread of infection.<br /><br /> To investigate whether race (African American (AA) and white) is associated with sleep duration among adults from low socioeconomic (SES) strata and whether SES status, lifestyle behaviors, or health conditions are associated with sleep duration within race-sex groups.<br /><br /> This cross-sectional study includes 78,549 participants from the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). Averaged daily sleep duration was assessed by weighted averages of self-reported sleep duration on weekdays and weekends. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of very short (&lt;5h/day), short (5-6h/day), and long sleep (≥9h/day) associated with pre-selected risk factors in each race-sex group were determined by multinomial logistic models.<br /><br /> The prevalence of very short and short sleep was similar among AAs (6.2% and 29.1%) and whites (6.5% and 29.1%). Long sleep was considerably more prevalent among AAs (19.3%) than whites (13.0%). Very short sleep was associated with lower education and family income, with stronger associations among whites. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ff-10101.html FF-10101 solubility dmso] Higher physical activity levels significantly decreased odds for both very short (OR=0.80) and long sleep (OR=0.78). Smoking, alcohol use, and dietary intake were not associated with sleep duration. Regardless of race or sex, very short, short, and long sleep were significantly associated with self-reported health conditions, especially depression (ORs were 2.06, 1.33, and 1.38, respectively).<br /><br /> Sleep duration patterns differed between AAs and whites from the underrepresented SCCS population with low SES. Sleep duration was associated with several socioeconomic, health behaviors, and health conditions depending on race and sex.<br /><br />Sleep duration patterns differed between AAs and whites from the underrepresented SCCS population with low SES. Sleep duration was associated with several socioeconomic, health behaviors, and health conditions depending on race and sex.