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We investigated the validity of the surgical strategy for aortic arch aneurysm depending on the patient's condition.<br /><br /> Between 2014 and 2019, 70 patients underwent total arch replacement (TAR) and 14 patients underwent fenestrated thoracic endovascular aortic repair( fTEVAR) for aortic arch aneurysm. We selected the surgical strategy on the basis of the patient's condition with or without frailty and if surgical risks including cancer or a respiratory condition precluded open surgery.<br /><br /> The preoperative average ages were 73.3±7.8 years in the TAR group and 73.9±6.1 years in the fTEVAR group (p=0.93). EuroSCORE Ⅱ was 4.3±3.6 in the TAR group and 6.0±3.3 in the fTEVAR group (p=0.03). Frailty was observed in 11 patients (15.7%) in the TAR group and fivepatients (35.7%) in the fTEVAR group (p=0.08). In the fTEVAR group, there were three patients (21.4%) with cancer and three patients (21.4%) with a respiratory condition that precluded open surgery. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 0% for both groups, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 2.9% in the TAR group and 0% in the fTEVAR group (p=0.52). The incidence of stroke was 2.9% (two patients) in the TAR group and 7.1%( one patient) in the fTEVAR group( p=0.43). However, all stroke patients were able to walk at discharge. The cumulative survival rate was 88.9% and 83.5% in the TAR group and 85.1% and 68.1% in the fTEVAR group at two and five years, respectively (p=0.173). There were both 98.1% of patients in the TAR group and 85.7% and 75.0% of patients in the fTEVAR group who were free from reoperations at two and five years, respectively( p&lt;0.01).<br /><br /> Our surgical strategy and outcomes for aortic arch aneurysm were generally appropriate. It is important to select open surgery or TEVAR depending on the patient's condition.<br /><br />Our surgical strategy and outcomes for aortic arch aneurysm were generally appropriate. It is important to select open surgery or TEVAR depending on the patient's condition.<br /><br /> The selection of arterial cannulation site is an important decision to avoid cerebral complication for total arch replacement(TAR). We report the surgical outcome of TAR using bilateral axillary artery perfusion in our hospital.<br /><br /> Between January 2012 and June 2020, 97 patients who underwent elective TAR for atherosclerotic aneurysms were enrolled in this study. Among them, bilateral axillary artery perfusion was used for 81 patients, and frozen elephant trunk( FET) procedure were used for 34 patients. In the case of FET procedure, translocated TAR was performed with distal anastomosis between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. The left subclavian artery was reconstructed by rerouting the graft used for the left axillary artery perfusion.<br /><br /> There were no perioperative cerebral infarction and no hospital deaths. The mean operation time was 420 minutes. Compared to the conventional elephant trunk method, the FET method significantly reduced the operation time to 381 minutes.<br /><br /> Bilateral axillary artery perfusion could contribute to reduce the cerebral infarction in TAR and facilitate the FET procedure.<br /><br />Bilateral axillary artery perfusion could contribute to reduce the cerebral infarction in TAR and facilitate the FET procedure.<br /><br /> The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short- and mid-term outcomes of open aortic arch surgery and debranching thoracic endovascular aortic repair( TEVAR) in octogenarians.<br /><br /> Between 2011 and 2019, 26 patients with atherosclerotic aortic arch aneurysms underwent surgery at our institution [open aortic arch surgery( group O)10 patients, debranching TEVAR(group D)16 patients].<br /><br /> There was no operative death in either group. The mean length of hospitalization and intensive care unit stay were 49 and 13 days in group O and 12 and 2 days in group O, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analyses of overall survival (1/6/12/24/36/48 months) showed mortality rates of 100/100/88/88/70/70% in group O and 100/100/87/61/43/26% in group D, respectively.<br /><br /> The acceptable outcomes was demonstrated in octogenarians underwent both open aortic arch surgery and debranching TEVAR. Because of early postoperative recovery, debranching TEVER is considered to be a feasible alternative to conventional open aortic arch surgery in octogenarians.<br /><br />The acceptable outcomes was demonstrated in octogenarians underwent both open aortic arch surgery and debranching TEVAR. Because of early postoperative recovery, debranching TEVER is considered to be a feasible alternative to conventional open aortic arch surgery in octogenarians.<br /><br /> We presented the results of surgery for Stanford type A acute aortic dissection at our hospital and described strategies for organ malperfusion (especially brain malperfusion).<br /><br /> From January 2012 to December 2019, we underwent 174 patients of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection at our hospital. There were 47 patients( 27.0%) with postoperative cerebral infarction (stroke group). Compared to the non-stroke group, the stroke group had significantly more cases of persistent central nervous system malperfusion before surgery and had more intraoperative bleeding and blood transfusion. The hospital mortality was 23.4% in the stroke group and 3.9% in the non-stroke group( p&lt;0.001). As a result of multivariate analysis, risk factors for hospital mortality were preoperative endotracheal intubation, long-term cardiopulmonary bypass time and postoperative stroke. The risk factor for postoperative stroke was preoperative central nervous system malperfusion.<br /><br /> As a strategy for cerebral malperfusion, it is useful to use the right axillary artery blood supply and the isolated cerebral perfusion method.<br /><br />As a strategy for cerebral malperfusion, it is useful to use the right axillary artery blood supply and the isolated cerebral perfusion method.Metaplastic thymoma is a rare histologic variant of thymic epithelial tumors and is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern. We herein report the case of 44-year-old woman who underwent surgery for metaplastic thymoma. Computed tomography scan revealed a well-circumscribed mediastinal tumor 56 mm in diameter with homogenous enhancement. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gw788388.html https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gw788388.html] The tumor was suspected to be a non-invasive thymoma, and thymomectomy with resection of the surrounding thymus was performed using thoracoscopy. The resected tumor measured 60 mm and was grossly well-encapsulated. The cut surface was gray to white and homogenous. Microscopically, the epithelial components took the form of an anastomosing nest to broad trabeculae intertwining with the bundle of spindle cells. Mitosis was not found and the Ki-67 index was less then 1%. Cytokeratin 5/6 was strongly positive in the epithelial components composed of polygonal cells. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positive immature T cells were not observed. Based on these pathologic findings, the tumor was identified as metaplastic thymoma.A 66-year-old male with hypertension was referred for evaluation of abnormal find chest X-ray. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a solitary pericardial mass with a diameter of 5 cm, located in the left atrioventricular groove. It showed solid but unevenly enhanced contents suggesting a well vascularized tumor originating in either a part of the left heart or the pericardium. As magnetic resonance imaging showed a clear boundary between the tumor and the pericardium, cardiac origin was suspected. Surgical removal of the tumor was performed via median sternotomy. The tumor originated from the lateral aspect of the left atrial appendage, having a base of 10 mm in diameter. The tumor was fully excised with an associated left atrial cuff under cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful. The tumor was histopathologically diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma originating in the left atrial wall. There has been no sign of recurrence for four years following surgery.Surgical repair of asymptomatic congenital left ventricular aneurysm is poorly reported. A 30-yearold man presented with an asymptomatic abnormal electrocardiogram. Computed tomography (CT) and angiography revealed a congenital left ventricular aneurysm, and surgical repair was conducted with endocardial linear infarct exclusion technique (ELIET). His postoperative course was uneventful. Postoperative CT showed an elliptical cardiac shape with no recurrence of aneurysm. ELIET would serve as a surgical procedure for congenital left ventricular aneurysm.An 81-year-old male was referred to our institute. His chief complaint was high fever. Computed tomography (CT) angiography demonstrated newly saccular aortic aneurysms at both thoracic and abdominal aorta. We used intravenous antibiotics( ceftriaxone 4 g/day) for seven days. Positron emission tomography (PET)/CT showed active inflammation sign at both chest and abdominal aneurysms. Open surgery for double aortic aneurysms seemed too invasive because of his past medical history. At eighth day after admission, we performed thoracic endovascular aortic repair( TEVAR) and endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for preventing rupture of aortic aneurysms. After surgery, we continued intravenous antibiotics (ceftriaxone 4 g/day) for 15 days. We changed intravenous antibiotics to oral antibiotics( levofloxacin 500 mg/day). The postoperative course was uneventful. He was discharged at 19th day after surgery. Since surgery, no symptoms of reinfection have been observed at outpatient clinic. PET/CT was useful to evaluate the control of local infection in this case.A 71-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for mitral valve repair and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Conventional coronary artery angiography showed stenosis in the right coronary artery (RCA) and two diagonal branches, whereas transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed diffuse hypokinesis and mild-to-moderate mitral valve regurgitation. Fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography (FFRct) demonstrated two additional lesions in the coronary artery at the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and the high lateral (HL) branch. Thus, we decided to perform CABG to RCA, LAD, the second diagonal branch, and HL as well as mitral valve repair. TTE one year after surgery showed trivial mitral regurgitation and progressive improvements in the left ventricular wall motion and the ejection fraction. FFRct is a usuful non-invasive method to identify coronary lesions that cause ischemia.The patient was a 67-year-old man. At 22 years of age, he underwent aortic valve replacement with Starr-Edwards ball valve. At 67 years of age, he complained of fatigue of the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class Ⅲ condition. He was diagnosed with mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, ascending aortic aneurysm and chronic atrial fibrillation. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms showed a mobile, elongated echogenic mass attached to the valve cage and floating downstream. We performed Bentall procedure, ascending aortic replacement, mitral valve replacement, tricuspid annuloplasty and left atrial appendage closure. Explanted ball valve showed extensive cloth destruction and partial cloth tear. Mild pannus formation was observed beneath the valve. Despite 45 years after initial operation, significant valve dysfunction was not observed.