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Calcium carbonate antacids are potent over-the-counter antacids, made more effective by adding magnesium carbonate (as in Rennie, Bayer). However, published studies on their onset of action are scarce. Therefore, we carried out an in vitro study comparing Rennie and placebo under simulated conditions of the human stomach (artificial stomach model) to reconfirm the onset of action of Rennie.<br /><br /> The validated Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem apparatus (SHIME, ProDigest, Belgium) was used, comprising five reactors simulating different parts of the human gastrointestinal tract. Both Rennie and placebo were dosed at two tablets per incubation over six independent, 2-h stomach incubations each.<br /><br /> to evaluate the time required to achieve pH 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5, as well as the maximum pH reached.<br /><br /> to evaluate pepsin activity over the entire 2-h gastric incubation.<br /><br /> After addition of Rennie, the gastric medium reached a pH of 3.0 within 40s. The maximum pH of 5.24 was maintained for almost 10min. In contrast, the maximum pH with placebo was 1.28 during the entire gastric simulation. Furthermore, Rennie strongly reduced the activity of mucosa-damaging pepsin during the period of increased pH. With placebo, the lower pH resulted in consistently high loads of digested peptides, reflecting the high cumulative and instantaneous pepsin activity.<br /><br /> New data is a critical component in informed decision making. Our data confirm the high efficacy and fast onset of acid-neutralizing action of Rennie, which begins to work within seconds.<br /><br />New data is a critical component in informed decision making. Our data confirm the high efficacy and fast onset of acid-neutralizing action of Rennie, which begins to work within seconds.<br /><br /> Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Recent studies have shown the association between metabolic syndrome and deterioration of the lung functions in patients with asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between metabolic syndrome and asthma status.<br /><br /> In this prospective cross-sectional study, 160 asthmatic patients attending Razi hospital in Guilan province, were divided equally into two groups of 80 patients. The case group was contained asthmatic patient with metabolic syndrome and the control group contain asthmatic patient without metabolic syndrome. Blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumferences, fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles were measured by standard methods. Asthma severity was determined based on clinical symptoms and GINA criteria. To evaluate pulmonary function parameters, spirometry was performed for the patients.<br /><br /> Pulmonary function test including FEF, FVC and FEV1 were significantly lower in the case group compared to control group (P &lt; 0.05). Also, a significant negative correlation was found between waist circumference, cardiovascular risk factors (including diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension) with spirometric indices (P &lt; 0.05).<br /><br /> Metabolic syndrome causes major declines of pulmonary parameters in asthma patients, thus controlling metabolic syndrome might improve symptoms of asthma.<br /><br />Metabolic syndrome causes major declines of pulmonary parameters in asthma patients, thus controlling metabolic syndrome might improve symptoms of asthma.Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disease, which is the 3rd leading cause of death in humans; additionally, it is one of the major key concerns over the globe. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/uk5099.html selleck products] The high levels of glucose in the blood stream are as well characterized by hyperglycaemia leading to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, kidney, eyes, and nerves. The best treatment of DM is still not available; many scientists worldwide are trying hard to seek out suitable treatment of DM. Though numerous synthetic drugs are developed for the treatment of diabetes but their utility has been hampered because of several side effects and poor efficacy. Among various approaches for the treatment of DM, herbal medicine, enriched extracts, and naturally derived molecules are most effective. Plant based herbal medicines contain many bioactive phytochemicals, such as terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids &amp; phenolics, etc which are used in the treatment of many diseases. The plant-derived molecules and their suitable structure modification have given many leads or drugs to the world like sesquiterpene; artemisinin and their derivatives artemether &amp; artesunate as an antimalarial drugs. Sesquiterpenes are available in the human diet and are largely taken as components of the many folk medicines and dietary supplements. Sesquiterpenes have a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial, which make them potential targets for the development of new therapeutics and their usage for medical purposes. Natural products have gained the attention of the world due to their large number of biological activities, high safety and fewer side effect. The review mainly focuses on bioactive sesquiterpenes such as β-caryophyllene, dysidine, farnesol &amp; eremanthin, etc., a class of terpenoids that may play an important role in the treatment or prevention of this gruesome disorder like diabetes, with their underlying mechanisms for the blood-glucose-lowering property.Obesity has become a worldwide health problem. It triggers additional co-morbidities like cardiovascular diseases, cancer, depression, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal problems and many more. Excess accumulation of fat in obesity could be caused by many factors like sedentary lifestyle, consumption of high fat diet, genetic predisposition, etc. Imbalanced energy metabolism i.e., greater energy consumption than utilisation, invariably underlies obesity. Considering the high prevalence and continuous, uncontrolled increase of this major public health issue, there is an urgent need to find appropriate therapeutic agents with minimal or no side effects. The high prevalence of obesity in recent years has led to a surge in the number of drugs available in the market that claim to control obesity. Although there is a long list of medicines and management strategies that are available, selecting the right therapeutic intervention and feasible management of obesity is a challenge. Several phytochemicals like hydroxycitric acid, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, phytohaemagglutins, thymoquinone and epigallocatechin gallate have been shown to possess promising anti-obesity properties.