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Attention to the safety and concerns of school nutrition employees is vital for continuation of these programs during this pandemic and for future emergency situations.<br /><br /> To define guidelines for the management of kidney stones in kidney transplant (KTx) donor or recipients.<br /><br /> Following a systematic approach, a review of the literature (Medline) was conducted by the CTAFU to report kidney stone epidemiology, diagnosis and management in KTx donors and recipients with the corresponding level of evidence.<br /><br /> Prevalence of kidney stones in deceased donor is unknown but reaches 9.3% in living donors in industrialized countries. Except in Maastrich 2 donors, diagnosis is done on systematic pre-donation CT scan according to standard french procedure. No prospective study has compared therapeutic strategies available for the management of kidney stones in KTx donor ureteroscopy or an extra corporeal lithotripsy in case of living donor prior to donation, ex vivo approach (pyelotomy or ureteroscopy), ureterocopy in the KTx recipient or surveillance. De novo kidney stones result from a lithogenesis process to be identified and treated in order to avoid recurrences. The context of solitary functional kidney renders the prevention of recurrence of great importance. Diagnosis is suspected when identification of a renal graft dysfunction, hematuria or urinary tract infection with renal pelvis dilatation. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ami-1.html AMI-1] Stone size and location are determined by computed tomography. There are no prospective, controlled studies on kidney stone management in the KTx. The therapeutic strategies are similar to standard management in general population.<br /><br /> These French recommendations should contribute to improve kidney stones management in KTx donor and recipients.<br /><br />These French recommendations should contribute to improve kidney stones management in KTx donor and recipients.<br /><br /> To propose surgical recommendations for living donor nephrectomy.<br /><br /> Following a systematic approach, a review of the literature (Medline) was conducted by the CTAFU regarding functional and anatomical assessment of kidney donors, including which side the kidney should be harvested from. Distinct surgical techniques and approaches were evaluated. References were considered with a predefined process to propose recommendations with the corresponding levels of evidence.<br /><br /> The recommendations clarify the legal and regulatory framework for kidney donation in France. A rigorous assessment of the donor is one of the essential prerequisites for donor safety. The impact of nephrectomy on kidney function needs to be anticipated. In case of modal vascularization of both kidneys without a relative difference in function or urologic abnormality, removal of the left kidney is the preferred choice to favor a longer vein. Mini-invasive approaches for nephrectomy provide faster donor recovery, less donor pain and shorter hospital stay than open surgery.<br /><br /> These French recommendations must contribute to improving surgical management of candidates for kidney donation.<br /><br />These French recommendations must contribute to improving surgical management of candidates for kidney donation.<br /><br /> To propose surgical recommendations for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and urinary incontinence in kidney transplant recipients and candidates.<br /><br /> Following a systematic approach, a review of the literature (Medline) was conducted by the CTAFU focusing on medical and surgical treatment of LUTS and urinary incontinence in kidney transplant recipients and candidates. References were assessed according to a predefined process to propose recommendations with levels of evidence.<br /><br /> Functional bladder capacity and bladder compliance are impaired during dialysis. LUTS, related to pre-kidney transplantion alterations, frequently improve spontaneously after kidney transplantation. LUTS secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may be underestimated before kidney transplantation due to oliguria, low bladder compliance and low bladder capacity. In LUTS associated with BPH, anticholinergics require dosage adjustment with creatinine clearance. If surgery is indicated after kidney transplantation, procedure can be safely performed in the early post-transplant course after removal of ureteral stent. Surgical management of urinary incontinence does not seem to be associated with an icreased risk for infectious complications in kidney transplant recipients. Particular attention should be paid to the management of postvoid residual and bladder pressures in case of neurological bladder disease. Optimal care of neurological bladder should be provided prior to transplantation with a cautious management, and despite an increased occurrence of febrile urinary tract infections, transplant survival is not compromised.<br /><br /> These recommendations must contribute to improve the management of lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence in kidney transplant patients and kidney transplant candidates.<br /><br />These recommendations must contribute to improve the management of lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary incontinence in kidney transplant patients and kidney transplant candidates.<br /><br /> To define guidelines for the management of localized prostate cancer (PCa) in kidney transplant (KTx) candidates and recipients.<br /><br /> A systematic review (Medline) of the literature was conducted by the CTAFU to report prostate cancer epidemiology, screening, diagnosis and management in KTx candidates and recipients with the corresponding level of evidence.<br /><br /> KTx recipients are at similar risk for PCa as general population. Thus, PCa screening in this setting is defined according to global French guidelines from CCAFU. Systematic screening is proposed in candidates for renal transplant over 50 y-o. PCa diagnosis is based on prostate biopsies performed after multiparametric MRI and preventive antibiotics. CCAFU guidelines remain applicable for PCa treatment in KTx recipients with some specificities, especially regarding lymph nodes management. Treatment options in candidates for KTx need to integrate waiting time and access to transplantation. Current data allows the CTAFU to propose mandatory waiting times after PCa treatment in KTx candidates with a weak level of evidence.<br /><br /> These French recommendations should contribute to improve PCa management in KTx recipients and candidates, integrating oncological objectives with access to transplantation.<br /><br />These French recommendations should contribute to improve PCa management in KTx recipients and candidates, integrating oncological objectives with access to transplantation.<br /><br /> To define guidelines for the use of antiplatelet therapy (AT) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) in candidates for kidney allotransplantation.<br /><br /> A review of the medical literature following a systematic approach was conducted by the CTAFU to report the use of AT and DOAC before major surgery and in the setting of advanced chronic kidney disease, defining their managment prior to kidney transplantation with the corresponding level of evidence.<br /><br /> DOAC are not recommended in patients under dialysis. Aspirin therapy, but not anti-P2Y<br /><br /> and DOAC, may be maintained during renal transplantation. Anti-P2Y<br /><br /> and DOAC should not be use in patients awaiting a kidney transplant, except when a living donor is scheduled, therefore authorizing treatment interruption in optimal conditions. Further data regarding DOAC reversion and monitoring may improve their use in this setting. Global level of evidence is weak.<br /><br /> These French recommendations should contribute to improve surgical management of kidney transplant candidates exposed to AT or DOA.<br /><br />These French recommendations should contribute to improve surgical management of kidney transplant candidates exposed to AT or DOA.<br /><br /> To propose surgical recommendations for urothelial carcinoma management in kidney transplant recipients and candidates.<br /><br /> A review of the literature (Medline) following a systematic approcah was conducted by the CTAFU regarding the epidemiology, screening, diagnosis and treatment of urothelial carcinoma in kidney transplant recipients and candidates for renal transplantation. References were assessed according to a predefined process to propose recommendations with levels of evidence.<br /><br /> Urothelial carcinomas occur in the renal transplant recipient population with a 3-fold increased incidence as compared with general population. While major risk factors for urothelial carcinomas are similar to those in the general population, aristolochic acid nephropathy and BK virus infection are more frequent risk factors in renal transplant recipients. As compared with general population, NMIBC in the renal transplant recipients are associated with earlier and higher recurrence rate. The safety and efficacy of adjuvant igement of urothelial carcinoma in renal transplant patients and renal transplant candidates by integrating both oncologic objectives and access to transplantation.<br /><br /> To propose recommendations for the management of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) of the renal transplant.<br /><br /> Following a systematic approach, a review of the literature (Medline) was conducted by the CTAFU to evaluate prevalence, diagnosis and management of RCC arousing in the renal transplant. References were assessed according to a predefined process to propose recommendations with levels of evidence.<br /><br /> Renal cell carcinomas of the renal transplant affect approximately 0.2% of recipients. Mostly asymptomatic, these tumors are mainly diagnosed on a routine imaging of the renal transplant. Predominant pathology is clear cell carcinomas but papillary carcinomas are more frequent than in general population (up to 40-50%). RCC of the renal transplant is often localized, of low stage and low grade. According to tumor characteristics and renal function, preferred treatment is radical (transplantectomy) or nephron sparing through partial nephrectomy (open or minimally invasive approach) or thermoablation after percutaneous biopsy. Although no robust data support a switch of immunosuppressive regimen, some authors suggest to favor the use of mTOR inhibitors. CTAFU does not recommend a mandatory waiting time after transplantectomy for RCC in candidates for a subsequent renal tranplantation when tumor stage&lt;T3 and low ISUP grade.<br /><br /> These French recommendations should contribute to improving the oncological and functional prognosis of renal transplant recipients by improving the management of RCC of the renal transplant.<br /><br />These French recommendations should contribute to improving the oncological and functional prognosis of renal transplant recipients by improving the management of RCC of the renal transplant.<br /><br /> To define guidelines for the management of renal cell carcinoma of the native kidney (NKRCC) in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients candidates for renal transplantation.<br /><br /> A review of the literature following a systematic approach (Medline) was conducted by the CTAFU to report renal cell carcinoma epidemiology, screening, diagnosis and management in KTx candidates and recipients. References were assessed according to a predefined process to propose recommendations with the corresponding levels of evidence.<br /><br /> ESRD patients are at higher risk of RCC with a standardized incidence ratio of approximately 4,5as compared with general population. NKRCC tumors occur in 1to 3% of KTx recipients with a 10to 15-fold increased risk as compared with general population, especially in patients with acquired multicystic kidney disease. Most authors suggest yearly monitoring of the native kidneys using ultrasound imaging. Radical nephrectomy (either open or laparoscopic approach) is the preferred treatment of NKRCC in KTx recipients and RCC in ESRD.