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Given the high incidence of perinatal maternal depression, implementation of preventive actions is crucial. In France, two prenatal preventive measures are available to the general population early prenatal interview (EPI) and antenatal classes (ANC).<br /><br /> To explore the independent associations between EPI and / or ANC and maternal depressive symptoms at 2 months postpartum.<br /><br /> We used data from the Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE), a French national representative cohort of children and their parents, followed-up from birth to early adulthood. Data concerning characteristics were collected from the mothers during the maternity stay and between 6/8 weeks' post-partum. The level of depressive symptoms was scored by the French version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) between 6/8 weeks' post-partum. We considered EPDS score ≥10 indicative of postnatal psychological distress (PPD) and EPDS ≥12 for postnatal depressive symptoms (PNDS). After data imputation, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.<br /><br /> Among the 16,411 mothers included in our sample, 26% benefited both from EPI and ANC, 31.1 % of ANC, 7.7% of an EPI and 35% of neither; 20,1% presented PPD and 12,1% PNDS. The likelihood of presenting PPD was significantly higher in mothers who had neither had EPI nor ANC (OR=1.15 (95% CI 1.01-1.30). There was no association between receiving or not an EPI and/or ANC and presenting PNDS.<br /><br /> Antenatal preventive measures may be helpful to prevent PPD at 2 months' post- partum, while PNDS do not seem to be influenced by these actions.<br /><br />Antenatal preventive measures may be helpful to prevent PPD at 2 months' post- partum, while PNDS do not seem to be influenced by these actions.<br /><br /> The acute anxiolytic effects of the echinacea angustifolia extract (EP107<br /><br /> ) have been demonstrated in two previous human trials. The goals of this study were to examine the anxiolytic and mood-enhancing effects of echinacea angustifolia over a longer duration with a larger sample size.<br /><br /> In this 6-week, 3-arm, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, 108 adults with mild-to-moderately severe anxiety were recruited and randomised to receive either a placebo, 20 mg, or 40 mg of echinacea angustifolia, twice daily. Outcome measures included the Clinically Useful Anxiety Outcome Scale (CUXOS), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Short Form-36 (SF-36), and Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS).<br /><br /> Based on data collected from 104 participants, both doses of echinacea were associated with overall reductions in anxiety, although improvements were not different from the placebo. However, both doses of echinacea were associated with greater improvements in the PANAS positive and negative affect scoreonal wellbeing, suggesting antidepressant effects. Further studies using clearly-defined populations and validated outcome measures will be useful in future trials.<br /><br /> This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors in middle-aged and elderly people in China.<br /><br /> Data were obtained from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2018. We selected 16,767 respondents over the age of 45 as samples for research and analysis. A short version of the Center for Epidemiological Research Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to explore the related factors of depressive symptoms. Back Propagation neural network model was established to examine the ranking of influencing factors of depressive symptoms.<br /><br /> There was 24.1% prevalence of depressive symptoms among the respondents. The 14 important variables affecting depressive symptoms were screened out with the multivariable logistic regression. Based on the BP neural network to rank the degree of importance, the top five important variables were determined, which were subjective well-being (100.0%), self-reported health (92.0%), life satisfaction (83.4%), ADL disability (74.0%), and marital status (69.7%).<br /><br /> This study was a cross-sectional study, and causality cannot be determined.<br /><br /> The prevalence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people was high. Subjective quality of life evaluation, health condition and marital status were important factors that have an impact on depressive symptoms.<br /><br />The prevalence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people was high. Subjective quality of life evaluation, health condition and marital status were important factors that have an impact on depressive symptoms.<br /><br /> Mechanisms worsening the development of Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among individuals affected by high-mortality epidemics are unclear. This study examined the prevalence of PTSD and related risk factors among populations affected by the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak, and investigated whether peritraumatic distress mediates the impact of exposure level to EVD on PTSD symptoms, and the moderation role of stigmatization.<br /><br /> The sample included 1614 participants (50% women) affected by EVD in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Participants completed the PTSD Check-List for DSM-5, Peritraumatic Distress Inventory, and measures evaluating levels of exposure and stigmatization related to EVD. Descriptive analyses and a moderated mediation model were computed.<br /><br /> A total of 58.81% participants (95% CI 56.41%; 61.21%) met PTSD diagnostic criteria. Participants living in rural areas presented greater risk, while there is no significant difference between men and women. Peritraumatic distress mediated partially the association between exposure to EVD and PTSD symptoms. Moreover, this relationship was moderated by stigmatization related to EVD.<br /><br /> As the design was cross-sectional, this study could not examine the causality of PTSD symptoms among communities affected by EVD.<br /><br /> This study shows high prevalence rates and important risk factors associated with PTSD in populations affected by EVD. It indicates elements that could help to develop and implement prevention and intervention programs in affected communities.<br /><br />This study shows high prevalence rates and important risk factors associated with PTSD in populations affected by EVD. It indicates elements that could help to develop and implement prevention and intervention programs in affected communities.<br /><br /> Previous studies have indicated that statins can reduce the severity of depressive symptoms. However, the optimal choice of statin remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis to determine the optimal statin for treating depression.<br /><br /> We performed a pairwise and network meta-analysis by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases on October 29th, 2020. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials that reported on changes in depressive symptoms. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess risk of bias. We tested for possible inconsistency globally by using a χ<br /><br /> -test and locally by calculating inconsistency factors for each comparison in closed loops. The ranking probabilities of being at each possible rank for each intervention were estimated. Comparison-adjusted funnel plots were obtained to assess publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was also performed.<br /><br /> We identified 13 studies that matched our inclusion criteria. The risks of bias were mostly low. None of the global or local tests found significance. Compared with placebo, atorvastatin significantly reduced the severity of depressive symptoms (mean difference -3.46, 95% confidence interval -5.26 to -1.67). Atorvastatin had the first and second rank with probabilities of 44.9% and 39.0%, respectively. Comparison-adjusted funnel plots revealed no significant publication bias.<br /><br /> Low similarity of included studies and a relative large treatment effect of a single study were observed.<br /><br /> In this first network meta-analysis, atorvastatin, with high intensity and a lipophilic effect, was identified as the optimal choice of statin for treating depression.<br /><br />In this first network meta-analysis, atorvastatin, with high intensity and a lipophilic effect, was identified as the optimal choice of statin for treating depression.<br /><br /> The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health across the globe. People living with a chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorder might be particularly at risk of mental health complications given higher rates of comorbid anxiety and depression compared to the healthy population. As GI disorders affect up to 40% of the population worldwide, this international collaborative study seeks to evaluate the extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GI symptoms specifically and more generally on the well-being of those living with chronic GI conditions.<br /><br /> A longitudinal survey with three time points (baseline, 6-month, and 12-month) will be conducted online. Adult participants with GI disorders from multiple countries will be recruited via patient associations, social media advertising, utilizing snowball sampling. Participants will be invited to complete a battery of questionnaires including demographic and health parameters, and measures of gastrointestinal symptoms, fear of COVID-19, perce target support related to the pandemic mental health sequelae for these patients.Potato production is negatively affected by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). There are no commercially available potato cultivars that are resistant to root-knot nematodes. To reduce the reliance on chemical controls, genetic engineering for nematode resistance in potato shows promise. Genetically modified potatoes that silence a parasitism gene or that express toxic protease inhibitors display reduced nematode infections. Modifying potato immune responses may also offer new opportunities for nematode resistance in potato. Plant defense elicitors, including those secreted by modified bacteria, enhanced resistance against root-knot nematodes in potato. The use of transgenic bacteria as delivery vehicles of defense-related molecules presents several possibilities for sophisticated nematode management and because this does not involve transgenic plants, it may garner greater public acceptance.Post-prostatectomy radiotherapy requires accurate annotation of the prostate bed (PB), i.e., the residual tissue after the operative removal of the prostate gland, to minimize side effects on surrounding organs-at-risk (OARs). However, PB segmentation in computed tomography (CT) images is a challenging task, even for experienced physicians. This is because PB is almost a "virtual" target with non-contrast boundaries and highly variable shapes depending on neighboring OARs. In this work, we propose an asymmetric multi-task attention network (AMTA-Net) for the concurrent segmentation of PB and surrounding OARs. Our AMTA-Net mimics experts in delineating the non-contrast PB by explicitly leveraging its critical dependency on the neighboring OARs (i.e., the bladder and rectum), which are relatively easy to distinguish in CT images. Specifically, we first adopt a U-Net as the backbone network for the low-level (or prerequisite) task of the OAR segmentation. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bay-k-8644.html selleck] Then, we build an attention sub-network upon the backbone U-Net with a series of cascaded attention modules, which can hierarchically transfer the OAR features and adaptively learn discriminative representations for the high-level (or primary) task of the PB segmentation.