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57% is obtained, rivaling Li-TFSI/t-BP doped Spiro-OMeTAD in PCE (20.29%), and showing obvious superior long-term stability.The thermal expansion properties of crystalline organic compounds are investigated by data mining of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). The mean volumetric thermal expansion coefficient is 168.8 × 10-6 K-1 and the mean uniaxial thermal expansion coefficient is 71.4 × 10-6 K-1, based on 745 and 1129 different observations, respectively. Normal and anomalous coefficients can be identified using these values and the associated standard deviations. The anisotropy of the thermal expansion is also evaluated and found to have a very broad distribution. 4719 different structures, comprising 4093 different molecular compounds and 626 additional polymorphs have been analyzed on their thermal expansion properties. Approximately 34% of these structures may have at least one orthogonal axis with negative thermal expansion, much more than generally believed. Moreover 127 structures have been identified which could have negative volumetric thermal expansion. Experimental validation using a robust protocol with data collected at more than 2 different temperatures is required to validate these cases.Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-electrophile C(sp2)-(sp3) coupling and C-H alkylation reactions represent two efficient methods for the incorporation of an alkyl group into aromatic rings. Herein, we report a Pd-catalyzed cascade cross-electrophile coupling and C-H alkylation reaction of 2-iodo-alkoxylarenes with alkyl chlorides. Methoxy and benzyloxy groups, which are ubiquitous functional groups and common protecting groups, were utilized as crucial mediators via primary or secondary C(sp3)-H activation. The reaction provides an innovative and convenient access for the synthesis of alkylated phenol derivatives, which are widely found in bioactive compounds and organic functional materials.Complex coacervates are liquid-liquid phase separated systems, typically containing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. They are widely studied for their functional properties as well as their potential involvement in cellular compartmentalization as biomolecular condensates. Diffusion and partitioning of solutes into a coacervate phase are important to address because their highly dynamic nature is one of their most important functional characteristics in real-world systems, but are difficult to study experimentally or even theoretically without an explicit representation of every molecule in the system. Here, we present an explicit-solvent, molecular dynamics coarse-grain model of complex coacervates, based on the Martini 3.0 force field. We demonstrate the accuracy of the model by reproducing the salt dependent coacervation of poly-lysine and poly-glutamate systems, and show the potential of the model by simulating the partitioning of ions and small nucleotides between the condensate and surrounding solvent phase. Our model paves the way for simulating coacervates and biomolecular condensates in a wide range of conditions, with near-atomic resolution.Direct functionalization of C(sp3)-H bonds in a predictable, selective and recyclable manner has become a central challenge in modern organic chemistry. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/kya1797k.html check details] Through incorporating different triarylamine-containing ligands into one coordination polymer, we present herein a heterogeneous approach to the combination of hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and photoredox catalysis for regioselective C-H arylation of benzylamines. The different molecular sizes and coordination modes of the ligands, tricarboxytriphenylamine (H3 TCA) and tris(4-(pyridinyl)phenyl)amine (NPy3), in one coordination polymer consolidate the triarylamine (Ar3N) moiety into a special structural intermediate, which enhances the chemical and thermal stability of the polymers and diminishes structural relaxation during the catalytic process. The inherent redox potentials of Ar3N moieties prohibit the in situ formed Ar3N˙+ to earn an electron from C(sp3)-H nucleophiles, but allow the abstraction of a hydrogen atom from C(sp3)-H nucleophiles, enabling the formation of the C(sp3)˙ radical and the cross-coupling reaction to proceed at the most electron-rich sites with excellent regioselectivity. The new heterogeneous photoredox HAT approach skips several interactions between transient species during the typical synergistic SET/HAT cycles, demonstrating a promising redox-economical and reagent-economical heterogeneous platform that has not been reported for α-amino C-H arylation to form benzylamine derivatives. Control experiments based on monoligand coordination polymers suggested that the mixed-ligand approach improved the photochemical and photophysical properties, providing important insight into rational design and optimization of recyclable photocatalysts for rapid access to complex bioactive molecules and late-stage functionalized pharmaceuticals.Electrochemical measurements on tris(cyclopentadienyl)thorium and uranium compounds in the +2, +3, and +4 oxidation states are reported with C5H3(SiMe3)2, C5H4SiMe3, and C5Me4H ligands. The reduction potentials for both U and Th complexes trend with the electron donating abilities of the cyclopentadienyl ligand. Thorium complexes have more negative An(iii)/An(ii) reduction potentials than the uranium analogs. Electrochemical measurements of isolated Th(ii) complexes indicated that the Th(iii)/Th(ii) couple was surprisingly similar to the Th(iv)/Th(iii) couple in Cp''-ligated complexes. This suggested that Th(ii) complexes could be prepared from Th(iv) precursors and this was demonstrated synthetically by isolation of directly from UV-visible spectroelectrochemical measurements and reactions of with elemental barium indicated that the thorium system undergoes sequential one electron transformations.Ternary II-IV-N2 materials have been considered as a promising class of materials that combine photovoltaic performance with earth-abundance and low toxicity. When switching from binary III-V materials to ternary II-IV-N2 materials, further structural complexity is added to the system that may influence its optoelectronic properties. Herein, we present a systematic study of the reaction of Zn2GeO4 with NH3 that produces zinc germanium oxide nitrides, and ultimately approach stoichiometric ZnGeN2, using a combination of chemical analyses, X-ray powder diffraction and DFT calculations. Elucidating the reaction mechanism as being dominated by Zn and O extrusion at the later reaction stages, we give an insight into studying structure-property relationships in this emerging class of materials.