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B. subtilis was successfully developed as a host for the production of secreted Mtx2 and the protein retained its larvicidal activity. Although the Mtx2 production level still needs improvement, the constructed plasmids could be used to produce other soluble proteins.<br /><br />B. subtilis was successfully developed as a host for the production of secreted Mtx2 and the protein retained its larvicidal activity. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bms-986205.html https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bms-986205.html] Although the Mtx2 production level still needs improvement, the constructed plasmids could be used to produce other soluble proteins.<br /><br /> Altered expression of N-glycans such as polylactosamine is observed in colon cancer. AHL, a polylactosamine specific lectin from Adenia hondala from a medicinal plant from the Passifloraceae family, has been reported earlier.<br /><br /> The aim of the present study is to study the interaction of AHL with human colon cancer epithelial HT-29 cells and colon cancer tissues.<br /><br /> Cell viability was determined by MTT [3-[4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, while cell surface binding and apoptosis by Annexin-V-PI assay. ROS production was analyzed using DCFDA [2',7' - dichlorofluorescindiacetate] kit method by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry was performed using biotinylated AHL and protein purification by affinity chromatography using asialofetuin-coupled Sepahrose -4B column.<br /><br /> AHL strongly binds to HT-29 cells with a Mean Fluorescence Intensity of 12.4, which could be blocked by competing for glycoprotein asialofetuin. AHL inhibits HT-29 cell growth in a dose and time-dependent manner with IC50 of 2.5µg/ml and differentially binds to human normal and cancerous tissues. AHL induces apoptosis and slight necrosis in HT-29 cells, increasing the early apoptotic population by 25.1% and 36% for 24 h and 48h, respectively, and necrotic population by 1.5% and 4.6 % at 24h and 48h, respectively, as revealed by Annexin-V-PI assay. AHL induces the release of Reactive Oxygen Species in HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner.<br /><br /> To the best of knowledge, this is the first report on lectin from Adenia hondala, which is not a RIP with apoptotic and necrotic effect. These findings support the promising potential of AHL in cancer research.<br /><br />To the best of knowledge, this is the first report on lectin from Adenia hondala, which is not a RIP with apoptotic and necrotic effect. These findings support the promising potential of AHL in cancer research.<br /><br /> Oratosquilla woodmasoni is one of the marine squilla species which is found in the entire Asia-Pacific region. This current study assesses the species as the main basis of both ACEi and antioxidant peptide.<br /><br /> To isolate the ACEi peptide derived from O. woodmasoni and examine its ACE inhibition along with antioxidant potential.<br /><br /> The squilla muscle protein was hydrolysed using alcalase and trypsin enzymes for 12 hours and tested for DH. The hydrolysates were examined for their ACEi activity, and then the best hydrolysate was sequentially purified in various chromatographical methods. The purified peptide was studied for anti-oxidant and functional properties, followed by amino acid sequencing. The purified peptide was also evaluated for its toxicity by in vitro cell viability assay.<br /><br /> The DH% was found to be 47.13 ± 0.72 % and 89.43 ± 2.06 % for alcalase and trypsin, respectively. The alcalase 5th-hour hydrolysate was detected with potent activity (65.97 ± 0.56 %) using ACEi assay and was primarily fractionated using ultrafiltration; the maximum inhibitory activity was found with 77.04 ± 0.52 % in 3-10kDa fraction. Subsequently, the fraction was purified using IEC and GFC, in which the AC1-A2 fraction had higher antihypertensive activity (70.85 ± 0.78 %). The non-toxic fraction showed hexapeptide HVGGCG with molecular weight 529 Da with a great potential of antioxidant activity along with functional property.<br /><br /> This peptide could be an alternative as a nutraceutical for both ACE inhibition and antioxidant.<br /><br />This peptide could be an alternative as a nutraceutical for both ACE inhibition and antioxidant.<br /><br /> Current study aims to perform differential protein expression analysis of serum samples from Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and healthy controls in search of potential diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker(s).<br /><br /> OSCC is diagnosed late, resulting in poor survival and high mortality. Identification of non-invasive prognostic biomarker is of utmost importance for early diagnosis and proper management of the disease; hence we used proteomic approach to identify potential biomarkers from serum.<br /><br /> Serum samples (OSCC n=45 and control n=30) were depleted and proteins were separated using 2-D gel electrophoresis followed by identification by mass spectrometric analysis. Gene expression analysis of identified proteins in malignant and normal tissue was also performed to complement proteomics studies.<br /><br /> Among differentially expressed proteins, a noteworthy observation was up regulation of Heat shock protein alpha (HSP90α) from serum of oral cancer patients. We also observed elevated levels of Haptoglobin (HP) along with down regulation of Type II keratin cytoskeletal 1(KRT1) and serum Albumin (ALB) in oral cancer patients. Gene expression studies of identified proteins in malignant and normal tissue revealed a similar pattern with the exception of KRT1. We believe that elevated levels of serum HSP90 alpha might be used as a potential biomarker.<br /><br /> Our findings suggest the contribution of HSP90 alpha and other identified proteins in oral pathology as pro/anti apoptotic modulators, thus they are being considered as predictive biomarkers.<br /><br />Our findings suggest the contribution of HSP90 alpha and other identified proteins in oral pathology as pro/anti apoptotic modulators, thus they are being considered as predictive biomarkers.<br /><br /> Both obesity and diabetes play a significant role in reproductive disorders in women and insulin resistance (IR) is a confirmed <br /><br /> . We evaluated the relationship between IR and an established ovarian reserve biomarker such as anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) together with other potential modulators of ovarian physiology (adiponectin and kisspeptin) in young reproductive-aged group women with obesity and type 1 diabetes (T1D).<br /><br /> We recruited 32 female youths 14 of them presented with T1D (14.6 ± 2.6 years) and 18 with obesity (15.1 ± 2.6 years). The control group included 20 age-matched normal weight females. Each patient underwent physical examination and hormonal assessment. AMH, kisspeptin and adiponectin levels were also measured. IR was calculated as the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the glucose disposal rate (eGDR) in patients with obesity and with T1D, respectively.<br /><br /> adiponectin and kisspeptin levels were significantly different into groups (<br /><br />  ≤ .001), whereas AMH levels were not. Adiponectin values were higher in controls compared to patients with obesity (<br /><br />  &lt; .001) and T1D (<br /><br />  = .02). Kisspeptin levels were lower in controls compared to patients with obesity (<br /><br />  = .001), without reaching statistical significance when compared to T1D (<br /><br />  = .06). IR was associated with lower adiponectin and higher kisspeptin levels (<br /><br />  &lt; .001 and <br /><br />  = .02, respectively), but not with AMH.<br /><br /> IR displays a relationship with adiponectin and kisspeptin in young reproductive-aged women with obesity and T1D. Interventions to correct IR in adolescents could be part of an early approach to prevent reproductive disorders and to promote factors associated with longevity in adult women.<br /><br />IR displays a relationship with adiponectin and kisspeptin in young reproductive-aged women with obesity and T1D. Interventions to correct IR in adolescents could be part of an early approach to prevent reproductive disorders and to promote factors associated with longevity in adult women.<br /><br /> With the first- and second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), clinical benefit and rash correlate together. EGFR TKI-induced rash can be alleviated with topical corticosteroids and tetracyclines. This study investigates whether prophylaxis with topical corticosteroids is associated with improved survival among the EGFR TKI-treated non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs).<br /><br /> We collected all the patients (<br /><br />  = 1271) who had received reimbursement for the first- or second-generation EGFR TKIs in Finland 2011-2016, had purchased TKIs, and had data available at the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR). Survival was analyzed from the first EGFR TKI purchase to death or the end of follow-up, and patients were stratified according to the TKIs, purchases of topical corticosteroids, and their timing.<br /><br /> A total of 270 (21%) patients had corticosteroid purchases -14 to +200 d (all), and 196 (15%) had purchased corticosteroids as prophylaxis (-14 to +14 d) from the first EGFR TKI purchase. Corticosteroid purchases were associated with improved survival in all (0.64 95% CI 0.56-0.74) and prophylactic (0.78, 95% CI 0.66-0.92) groups when compared to non-purchasers, although these results were limited to the erlotinib users only. The survival benefit of prophylactic corticosteroids among the erlotinib users remained in multivariate analysis including sex, stage, histology, and tetracycline prophylaxis (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.95). The prophylactic use of corticosteroids was associated with a longer erlotinib treatment duration (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64-0.90).<br /><br /> Prophylactic topical corticosteroids may improve the survival of NSCLC patients treated with EGFR TKIs, and they should be considered as prophylaxis when initiating EGFR TKIs with a high incidence of rash.<br /><br />Prophylactic topical corticosteroids may improve the survival of NSCLC patients treated with EGFR TKIs, and they should be considered as prophylaxis when initiating EGFR TKIs with a high incidence of rash.<br /><br /> Coeliac disease (CD) has an estimated prevalence of ∼1% in Europe with a significant gap between undiagnosed and diagnosed CD. Active case finding may help to bridge this gap yet the diagnostic yield of such active case finding in general practice by serological testing is unknown.<br /><br /> The aim of this study was to determine (1) the frequency of diagnosed CD in the general population, and (2) to investigate the yield of active case finding by general practitioners.<br /><br /> Electronic medical records of 207.200 patients registered in 49 general practices in The Netherlands in 2016 were analysed. An extensive search strategy, based on International Classification of Primary Care codes, free text and diagnostic test codes was performed to search CD- or gluten-related contacts.<br /><br /> The incidence of CD diagnosis in general practice in 2016 was 0.01%. The prevalence of diagnosed CD reported in the general practice in the Netherlands was 0.19%, and considerably higher than previously reported in the general population. Durinrlands is substantially higher than previously reported. This suggests that the gap between diagnosed and undiagnosed patients is lower than generally assumed. This may explain that despite a high frequency of gluten-related consultations in general practice the diagnostic yield of case finding by serological testing is low.Key pointsThe diagnostic approach of GPs regarding CD and the diagnostic yield is largely unknownCase finding in a primary health care practice has a low yield of 1.6%CD testing was mostly prompted by consultation for gastrointestinal symptomsThere is a heterogeneity in types of serological test performed in primary care.