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Background Radiofrequency denervation is used to treat selected people with low back pain. Recent trials have been criticised for using a sub-optimal intervention technique. Objectives To achieve consensus on a best practice technique for administering radiofrequency denervation of the lumbar facet joints to selected people with low back pain. Study design A consensus of expert professionals in the area of radiofrequency denervation of the lumbar facet joints. Methods We invited a clinical member from the 30 most active UK departments in radiofrequency pain procedures and two overseas clinicians with specific expertise to a 1 day consensus meeting. Drawing on the known anatomy of the medial branch, the theoretical basis of radiofrequency procedures, a survey of current practice and collective expertise, delegates were facilitated to reach consensus on the best practice technique. Results The day was attended by 24 UK and international clinical experts. Attendees agreed a best practice technique for the conduct of radiofrequency denervation of the lumbar facet joints. Limitations This consensus was based on a 1 day meeting of 24 clinical experts who attended and took part in the discussions. The agreed technique has not been subject to input from a wider community of experts. Conclusions Current best practice for radiofrequency denervation has been agreed for use in a UK trial. Group members intend immediate implementation in their respective trusts. We propose using this in a planned Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of radiofrequency denervation for selected people with low back pain. © The British Pain Society 2019.Introduction Lumbar disc herniation causing radiculopathy is a common reason for referral to spinal out-patient clinics. At our centre following routine referral, patients wait a mean of 109 weeks for a consultation with a spinal surgeon. A pathway in keeping with the National Health Service England Low Back and Radicular Pain Pathway was introduced with two objectives. Patients would be seen sooner by suitably trained health care professionals to avoid long waiting times for assessment with a spinal surgeon, and if a set of criteria were met, they would receive a selective nerve root injection to manage their pain. Methods Patients were seen by specially trained orthopaedic physiotherapists following routine general practitioner (GP) referral. A radiologically guided nerve root injection was carried out if patients had radicular pain between 6 and 52 weeks duration and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan demonstrating an intervertebral disc prolapse correlating with their radicular symptoms. Patient-recorded outcome measures were taken before and after nerve root injection. Results Seventy five patients entered the pathway. Mean patient age was 49.9 years and 27 patients (36.0%) were male. Mean time from referral to assessment was 15.5 weeks. Mean visual analogue score (VAS) for leg pain was 7.4 out of 10 before nerve root injection and 4.8 out of 10 following nerve root injection (p  less then  0.001). Mean Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire score before nerve root injection was 58.4% and 49.7% following nerve root injection (p = 0.024). Mean Euroqol EQ-5D-5L Health Index was 0.2 before nerve root injection and 0.4 afterwards (p  less then  0.001). Conclusion This study suggests that this pathway may help to reduce waiting times for patients with lumbar radiculopathy secondary to intervertebral disc prolapse. The resulting enhanced care may be associated with a reduction in leg and back pain and an improvement in quality of life. © The British Pain Society 2019.Background People with persistent pain are frequently offered a pain management programme (PMP) as part of their care plan. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) principles often underpin PMPs and has a good evidence base; nevertheless, more recent systematic reviews have suggested that its effectiveness is limited. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) is a form of 'third-wave CBT' that offers an alternative and complementary view of pain, encouraging the person to be alongside their experience of pain and respond to it using skills of compassion they have learnt. Method The current research explored the effectiveness of a 12-week CFT group for people who experience persistent pain. Research interviews explored CFT members' experiences of the CFT group. Feedback was collected on the facilitators' experience of running the group and questionnaire data collected on participants' mood, pain disability, acceptance of chronic pain and levels of self-criticism and self-reassurance. Results Interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis that revealed five master superordinate themes representative across all interviews. These were then triangulated with data from the questionnaires and facilitator feedback. Conclusion In people whose persistent pain was compounded by a significant psychological component, a CFT group approach helped reduce feelings of isolation, improve ability to self-reassure, learn new ways of coping and develop a growing acceptance of the limitations associated with their pain. The possible implications for future clinical practice are considered. © The British Pain Society 2019.Introduction Paracetamol is commonly used for its antipyretic properties and analgesic effects, but the central mechanism remains elusive. We designed a study in healthy volunteers to detect the central functional working mechanism of paracetamol. Subjects material and methods A total of 20 subjects had a baseline functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before the intake of 1000 mg paracetamol orally; 60 minutes later, a second fMRI was made aiming detection of regional blood flow differences. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ripasudil-k-115.html ROCK inhibitor] Results A decreased connectivity was observed in the ventral volume of interest (VOI), with the posterior cingulate (with both the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right ACC respectively, Ke = 576; t = -6.8894 and Ke = 185; t = -4.8178) and the inferior temporal left (Ke = 103; t = -5.0993); in the combined ventral and dorsal VOIs, the posterior cingulate (with the left ACC; Ke = 149; t = -4.5658) and, both with the right ACC, the inferior temporal left (Ke = 88; t = -3.8456) and the inferior frontal gyrus (Ke = 86; t = -4.