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53, P = .022. There were no correlations between change in CBF and change in clinical symptoms postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS The clinical value of ASL in the work-up of patients with iNPH is uncertain. In this study, ASL could not predict outcome after shunt surgery and there were no correlations between change in CBF and change in clinical symptoms after shunt surgery. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Neuroimaging published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society of Neuroimaging.Anemia diagnosis in populations residing at high altitude (HA) involves an adjustment of hemoglobin (Hb) values owing to the increase in its concentration with altitude. The suitability of the adjustment has been questioned since Hb concentrations depend on how adapted a population is to HA. In Peru, anemia in preschool children (PSC) is a matter of severe public concern for its high rates; in the city of Puno (∼3800 MASL), for example, 67.7% of children under 3 years are diagnosed with anemia. Here, we conducted an observational study in PSC living at different altitudes in Puno to assess Hb, iron status, and the suitability of altitude-adjusted Hb values in defining iron deficiency anemia. After adjusting Hb, 65.66% of the population had anemia, while only 4.8% of PSC had anemia when using unadjusted Hb. Receiver-operating characteristic curves using total body iron (TBI) as a marker of iron status are presented. In the 36- to 59-month age group, unadjusted Hb performed better than altitude-adjusted Hb. In the 6- to 35-month age group, anemia (adjusted or unadjusted) was not associated with TBI. We conclude that Hb adjustment by altitude is not appropriate. Anemia at an early age is not entirely attributable to iron deficiency. © 2020 New York Academy of Sciences.The glycosylation pathways of several eukaryotic protein expression hosts are being engineered to enable the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized application-customized glycan structures. In several expression hosts, this has been quite successful, but one caveat is that the new N-glycan structures inadvertently might be substrates for one or more of the multitude of endogenous glycosyltransferases in such heterologous background. This then results in the formation of novel, undesired glycan structures, which often remain insufficiently characterized. When expressing mouse interleukin-22 (mIL-22) in a Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii) GlycoSwitchM5 strain which had been optimized to produce Man5 GlcNAc2 N-glycans, glycan profiling revealed two major species Man5 GlcNAc2 and an unexpected, partially α-mannosidase-resistant structure. A detailed structural analysis using exoglycosidase sequencing, mass spectrometry, linkage analysis and NMR, revealed that this novel glycan was Man5 GlcNAc2 modified with a Glcα-1,2-Manβ-1,2-Manβ-1,3-Glcα-1,3-R tetra-saccharide. Expression of a Golgi-targeted GlcNAc Transferase-I strongly inhibited the formation of this novel modification, resulting in more homogeneous modification with the targeted GlcNAcMan5 GlcNAc2 structure. Our findings reinforce accumulating evidence that robustly customizing the N-glycosylation pathway in Pichia pastoris to produce particular human-type structures is still an incompletely solved synthetic biology challenge, which will require further innovation to enable safe glycoprotein pharmaceutical production. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Delivery of end-of-life care has gained prominence in the UK, driven by a focus upon the importance of patient choice. In practice choice is influenced by several factors, including the guidance and conduct of healthcare professionals, their different understandings of what constitutes 'a good death', and contested ideas of who is best placed to deliver this. We argue that the attempt to elicit and respond to patient choice is shaped in practice by a struggle between distinct 'institutional logics'. Drawing on qualitative data from a two-part study, we examine the tensions between different professional and organisational logics in the delivery of end-of-life care. Three broad clusters of logics are identified finance, patient choice and professional authority. We find that the logic of finance shapes the meaning and practice of 'choice', intersecting with the logic of professional authority in order to shape choices that are in the 'best interest' of the patient. Different groups might be able to draw upon alternative forms of professionalism, and through these enact different versions of choice. However, this can resemble a struggle for ownership of patients at the end of life, and therefore, reinforce a conventional script of professional authority. © 2020 The Authors. Sociology of Health &amp; Illness published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation for SHIL (SHIL).OBJECTIVES To prospectively evaluate low implantation of the gestational sac and other first-trimester ultrasound (US) parameters for prediction of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). METHODS Women with a diagnosis of low implantation on clinically indicated first-trimester US underwent a transvaginal US examination at 10 to 13 weeks' gestation to assess the trophoblast location, anechoic areas, bridging vessels, and smallest myometrial thickness (SMT). The placental location was evaluated in the second trimester, and serial US examinations were performed in cases of low placentation. Placenta accreta spectrum was based on clinical findings and confirmed by histologic results. RESULTS Of 68 women, 40 (59%) had prior cesarean delivery (CD). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/kya1797k.html KYA1797K beta-catenin inhibitor] Hysterectomy was performed in 8, all with prior CD. Of these, 7 (88%) had US suspicion of PAS. In 16 with prior CD and basalis overlying the internal os, 9 (56%) had second-trimester placenta previa, and 7 of 9 (78%) underwent hysterectomy with pathologic confirmation of PAS. Of 28 without prior CD, there were no cases of persistent low placentation in the third trimester regardless of the trophoblast location. Ultrasound parameters associated with PAS were a smaller distance from the inferior trophoblastic border to the external os, disruption of the bladder-serosal interface, bridging vessels, anechoic areas, and the SMT. In women with prior CD, use of the SMT in the sagittal plane yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.91-1.00). CONCLUSIONS First-trimester low implantation increases the risk of persistent placenta previa and PAS in women with prior CD. All parameters were associated with PAS, the most predictive being the SMT. © 2020 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.