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g. to create biocompatible aqueous electrodes. We also highlight the design of bioelectronics devices based on peptides/proteins including field-effect transistors, piezoelectric energy harvesters and optoelectronics.<br /><br /> To improve therapy outcome of Yttrium-90 selective internal radiation therapy (<br /><br /> Y SIRT), patient-specific post-therapeutic dosimetry is required. For this purpose, various dosimetric approaches based on different available imaging data have been reported. The aim of this work was to compare post-therapeutic 3D absorbed dose images using Technetium-99m (<br /><br /> Tc) MAA SPECT/CT, Yttrium-90 (<br /><br /> Y) bremsstrahlung (BRS) SPECT/CT, and <br /><br /> Y PET/CT.<br /><br /> Ten SIRTs of nine patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were investigated. The <br /><br /> Tc SPECT/CT data, obtained from <br /><br /> Tc-MAA-based treatment simulation prior to <br /><br /> Y SIRT, were scaled with the administered <br /><br /> Y therapy activity. 3D absorbed dose images were generated by dose kernel convolution with scaled <br /><br /> Tc/<br /><br /> Y SPECT/CT, <br /><br /> Y BRS SPECT/CT, and <br /><br /> Y PET/CT data of each patient. Absorbed dose estimates in tumor and healthy liver tissue obtained using the two SPECT/CT methods were compared against <br /><br /> Y PET/CT.<br /><br /> The percentage deviation of tumor absorbed dose estimates from <br /><br /> Y PET/CT values was on average -2±18% for scaled <br /><br /> Tc/<br /><br /> Y SPECT/CT, whereas estimates from <br /><br /> Y BRS SPECT/CT differed on average by -50±13%. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/eft-508.html eFT508] For healthy liver absorbed dose estimates, all three imaging methods revealed comparable values.<br /><br /> The quantification capabilities of the imaging data influence <br /><br /> Y SIRT tumor dosimetry, while healthy liver absorbed dose values were comparable for all investigated imaging data. When no <br /><br /> Y PET/CT image data are available, the proposed scaled <br /><br /> Tc/<br /><br /> Y SPECT/CT dosimetry method was found to be more appropriate for HCC tumor dosimetry than <br /><br /> Y BRS SPECT/CT based dosimetry.<br /><br />The quantification capabilities of the imaging data influence 90Y SIRT tumor dosimetry, while healthy liver absorbed dose values were comparable for all investigated imaging data. When no 90Y PET/CT image data are available, the proposed scaled 99mTc/90Y SPECT/CT dosimetry method was found to be more appropriate for HCC tumor dosimetry than 90Y BRS SPECT/CT based dosimetry.The executive control network is involved in novel situations or those in which prepotent responses need to be overridden. Previous studies have demonstrated that when control is exerted, conscious perception is impaired, and this effect is related to the functional connectivity of fronto-parietal regions. In the present study, we explored the causal involvement of one of the nodes of this fronto-parietal network (the right Supplementary Motor Area, SMA) in the interaction between executive control and conscious perception. Participants performed a dual task in which they responded to a Stroop task while detecting the presence/absence of a near-threshold Gabor stimulus. Concurrently, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied over the right SMA or a control site (vertex; Experiment 1). As a further control, the right Frontal Eye Field (FEF) was stimulated in Experiment 2. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) tractography was used to isolate the three branches of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF I, II and III), and the frontal aslant tract (FAT), and to explore if TMS effects were related to their micro- and macrostructural characteristics. Results demonstrated reduced perceptual sensitivity on incongruent as compared to congruent Stroop trials. A causal role of the right SMA on the modulation of perceptual sensitivity by executive control was only demonstrated when the microstructure of the right SLF III or the left FAT were taken into account. The volume of the right SLF III was also related to the modulation of response criterion by executive control when the right FEF was stimulated. These results add evidence in favor of shared neural correlates for attention and conscious perception in fronto-parietal regions and highlight the role of white matter in TMS effects.<br /><br /> The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of iron or/and zinc supplementation and termination of this treatment on the antioxidant defence of the male reproductive system and sperm viability in rats.<br /><br /> The study consisted of 3 stages I) 4-week adaptation to the diets (C-control or D-iron deficient); II) 4-week iron and/or zinc supplementation (10-times more than in the C diet of iron CSFe, DSFe; zinc CSZn, DSZn; or iron and zinc CSFeZn, DSFeZn; and III) 2-week post-supplementation period (the same diets as during stage I). Parameters of antioxidant status (total antioxidant capacity and SOD, GPx, and CAT activiy), oxidative damage (lipid and protein peroxidation), and sperm viability were measured.<br /><br /> Simultaneous iron and zinc supplementation compared to iron supplementation (CSFeZn vs CSFe) increased SOD activity in the testes and decreased the level of malondialdehyde in the epididymis after stage II, and increased the percentage of live sperm after stage III. After discontinuation of the iron and zinc supplementation and a return to the control diet, the following was observed a decrease of SOD activity in the testes and GPx activity in the epididymis, and a increase malondialdehyde concentration in prostates. After stage III, in DSFeZn vs DSFe rats, an increase of SOD and CAT activity in the epididymis was found.<br /><br /> Zinc supplementation simultaneous with iron may protect the male reproductive system against oxidative damage induced by high doses of iron and may have a beneficial effect on sperm viability. The effect of this supplementation was observed even two weeks after the termination of the intervention.<br /><br />Zinc supplementation simultaneous with iron may protect the male reproductive system against oxidative damage induced by high doses of iron and may have a beneficial effect on sperm viability. The effect of this supplementation was observed even two weeks after the termination of the intervention.<br /><br /> Occupational exposure to Cadmium (Cd) may have serious health effect on workers. However, little is known about its effect on immune system. link2 Moreover, previous studies have been inconclusive in stating the effect of Cd on immune system. The aim of our study was to estimate immune parameters in workers occupationally exposed to Cd.<br /><br /> 110 individuals occupationally exposed to Cd and 97 apparently healthy non-exposed individuals were recruited for this study. Blood Cadmium levels were determined by AAS. Lymphocyte subset were analyzed using flow cytometry and the cytokine levels were determined by ELISA.<br /><br /> Exposed group have significantly higher levels of B-Cd. % of CD8 cells were higher in exposed while % of CD4 cells showed a decreasing trend in the exposed group. Among the CD3CD4 T cell subsets Th1 (%) and Tregs (%) cells were lower while Th17 (%) were higher in exposed group. Increased levels of IL-4 (Th2), IL-6 (Th2) and TNF- α (Th1) and decreased levels of IL-2 (Th1) and IL-10 (Tregs) were observed in Cd exposed workers which is indicative of a predominant pro-inflammatory response in Cd exposed workers. IL-17 (Th17) levels did not show any significant difference between the two groups. Increased Th17/Tregs ratio in the exposed group is also suggestive of an increased pro-inflammatory immune response in exposed group.<br /><br /> To conclude, even low level of exposure to Cd in occupational settings is associated with alterations in Th17 cells, which may further predispose an individual to other systemic abnormalities.<br /><br />To conclude, even low level of exposure to Cd in occupational settings is associated with alterations in Th17 cells, which may further predispose an individual to other systemic abnormalities.<br /><br /> The purpose of this research is to analyze the literature published on mobile health (mHealth) in the Indian context. It also reviews the most important research works and presents various methodologies adopted by the researchers in this domain.<br /><br /> The SciVerse SCOPUS database was used for extracting the literature on mobile health. The study used articles published between January 2008 to 28<br /><br /> June 2019. The keyword used is 'mHealth' and journal articles with studies or interventions carried out in India were selected for bibliometric analysis and methodological review.<br /><br /> For the keyword search, a total of 7,874 documents have been extracted, of which only 158 have been considered for the analysis. There is an exponential increase in the number of publications from the year 2015 to 2019. The keywords used for representing their articles have been grouped as mobile health devices, gender and age groups, system and software, health and disease condition, management, evidence-based practices (outcome), methodsutes in analyzing the bibliometrics and provides a methodological review for the journal articles published on mobile health. Previous articles considered systematic analysis of the bibliometric for mHealth, and mobile technology but less adequately discussed specifically towards Indian context which this study has embraced.Machine learning models provide an adaptive tool to predict the performance of treatment reactors under varying operational and influent conditions. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is still an emerging technology and does not have a long history of full-scale application. There is, therefore, a scarcity of long-term data in this field, which impacted the development of data-driven models. In this study, a machine learning model was developed for simulating the AGS process using 475 days of data collected from three lab-based reactors. Inputs were selected based on RReliefF ranking after multicollinearity reduction. A five-stage model structure was adopted in which each parameter was predicted using separate models for the preceding parameters as inputs. An ensemble of artificial neural networks, support vector regression and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems was used to improve the models' performance. link3 The developed model was able to predict the MLSS, MLVSS, SVI5, SVI30, granule size, and effluent COD, NH4-N, and PO43- with average R2, nRMSE and sMAPE of 95.7%, 0.032 and 3.7% respectively.River flow regimes have been transformed by groundwater and surface water management operations globally, prompting widespread ecological responses. Yet, empirical evidence quantifying the simultaneous effects of groundwater and surface water management operations on freshwater ecosystems remains limited. This study combines a multi-decadal freshwater invertebrate dataset (1995-2016) with groundwater model outputs simulating the effects of different anthropogenic flow alterations (e.g. groundwater abstraction, effluent water returns) and river discharges. A suite of flow alteration- and flow-ecology relationships were modelled that tested different invertebrate community responses (taxonomic, functional, flow response guilds, individual taxa). Most flow alteration-ecology relationships were not statistically significant, highlighting the absence of consistent, detectable ecological responses to long-term water management operations. A small number of significant statistical models provided insights into how fd to conserve riverine ecological assets. Moreover, the ensemble of flow alteration- and flow-ecology relationships established in this study could be used to guide environmental flow strategies. Such findings are of global importance given that future climatic change and rising societal water demands are likely to further transform river flow regimes and threaten freshwater ecosystems.