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Although PWP share many similar concerns to the general population, there are some concerns unique to PWP that must be noted to ensure that the paralysis community is considered fully and equitably in public health efforts related to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br />Although PWP share many similar concerns to the general population, there are some concerns unique to PWP that must be noted to ensure that the paralysis community is considered fully and equitably in public health efforts related to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Recent personality neuroscience research in large samples suggests that personality traits tend to bear null-to-small relations to morphometric (i.e., brain structure) regions of interest (ROIs). In this preregistered, two-part study using Human Connectome Project data (N = 1,105), we address the possibility that these null-to-small relations are due, in part, to the "level" (i.e., hierarchical placement) of personality and/or morphometry examined. We used a Five-Factor Model framework and operationalized personality in terms of meta-traits, domains, facets, and items; we operationalized morphometry in terms of omnibus measures (e.g., total brain volume), and cortical thickness and area in the ROIs of the Desikan and Destrieux atlases. First, we compared the patterns of effect sizes observed between these levels using mixed effects modeling. Second, we used a machine learning framework for estimating out-of-sample predictability. Results highlight that personality-morphometry relations are generally null-to-small no matter how they are operationalized. Relatively, the largest mean effect sizes were observed at the domain level of personality, but the largest individual effect sizes were observed at the facet and item level, particularly for the Ideas facet of Openness and its constituent items. The largest effect sizes observed were at the omnibus level of morphometry, and predictive models containing only omnibus variables were comparably predictive to models including both omnibus variable and ROIs. We conclude by encouraging researchers to search across levels of analysis when investigating relations between personality and morphometry and consider prioritizing omnibus measures, which appear to yield the largest and most consistent effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Zero-sum beliefs reflect the perception that one party's gains are necessarily offset by another party's losses. Although zero-sum relationships are, from a strictly theoretical perspective, symmetrical, we find evidence for asymmetrical zero-sum beliefs The belief that others gain at one's own expense, but not vice versa. Across various contexts (international relations, interpersonal negotiations, political partisanship, organizational hierarchies) and research designs (within- and between-participant), we find that people are more prone to believe that others' success comes at their own expense than they are to believe that their own success comes at others' expense. Moreover, we find that people exhibit asymmetric zero-sum beliefs only when thinking about how their own party relates to other parties but not when thinking about how other parties relate to each other. Finally, we find that this effect is moderated by how threatened people feel by others' success and that reassuring people about their party's strengths eliminates asymmetric zero-sum beliefs. We discuss the theoretical contributions of our findings to research on interpersonal and intergroup zero-sum beliefs and their implications for understanding when and why people view life as zero-sum. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br /> This study examines how demographic factors (i.e., age, employment, or income) and personal life experiences (i.e., witnessing intimate partner violence [IPV] in childhood, number of violent partners, violence perpetration, or stressful life events) are related to IPV frequency across types of IPV (i.e., physical assault, psychological aggression, or sexual coercion) in a racially diverse sample.<br /><br /> Participants included 126 women recruited from community organizations in the Mid-South, United States who experienced IPV in the past 6 months (<br /><br /> <br /><br /> = 32.90, <br /><br /> = 6.82). The majority of the sample self-identified as Black or African American (66%) and reported an annual income below $20,000 (73%). Three linear regressions were run to assess relations between age, employment status, annual income, witnessing IPV in childhood, number of violent partners, violence perpetration, and stressful life events for each type of IPV; all three models also accounted for the other forms of IPV.<br /><br /> Psychological aggression was significantly associated with a higher income as well as more frequent physical assault and sexual coercion. Physical assault was linked with younger age, lower income, not witnessing IPV in childhood, IPV perpetration, more psychological aggression, and more sexual coercion. Sexual coercion was associated with more stressful life events, having multiple violent partners, higher psychological aggression, and higher physical assault.<br /><br /> Results suggest that interventions should target mutable demographic factors and screen for personal life events to reduce IPV frequency and revictimization across types of IPV. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br />Results suggest that interventions should target mutable demographic factors and screen for personal life events to reduce IPV frequency and revictimization across types of IPV. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br /> The objective of this study was to describe the psychological and quality of life outcomes in demobilized Colombian ex-combatants.<br /><br /> A cross-sectional study was conducted on 58 ex-combatants from the Colombian government's reintegration program. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was measured by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. We applied the Beck-II Depression Inventory, Resilience Scale, Everyday Discrimination Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Short Version (WHOQOL-BREF) for measuring symptoms of depression, resilience, discrimination, and quality of life, respectively.<br /><br /> The prevalence of PTSD was 63,8%, principally on ex-combatants with ≤10 years in the reinstatement program. Females with primary/elementary school, extremely low social status, unipersonal family type, family income &lt;1 minimal wage, and symptoms of depression showed a higher prevalence ratio (&gt;1.30). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gs-4224.html GS-4224 clinical trial] The mean scores of depression symptoms, resilience, and quality of life were systematically poorer in the group with PTSD. Significant differences were found Resilience scale domains Personal Competence (p = .043) and Acceptance of Self and Life (p = .012), WHOQOL-BREF Psychological (p = .029) and Environment domains (p = .015).<br /><br /> Colombian ex-combatants with PTSD attending a reinstatement program presented a higher frequency of depression symptoms, lower quality of life, and lower resilience than those without PTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br />Colombian ex-combatants with PTSD attending a reinstatement program presented a higher frequency of depression symptoms, lower quality of life, and lower resilience than those without PTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br /> Posttraumatic growth (PTG) has been primarily recognized as a result of experiencing a single life crisis. The current study investigated how PTG may be attributed to experiences of a multitude of highly stressful life events, and how PTG is correlated with PTSD symptoms, the severity of the event, and the total number of childhood traumas experienced.<br /><br /> Adolescents (N = 139) participated in a survey that assessed six major life events of childhood trauma and rated the severity of each event, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and PTG.<br /><br /> The majority of adolescents attributed their PTG experiences to one event, despite experiencing multiple traumas. However, experiencing more events was associated with greater PTSS and some forms of PTG such as changed priorities, increased self-reliance, and establishing a new path in life. Results from regression analyses also showed that trauma severity and PTSS were linearly correlated with PTG, and thus, a curvilinear relationship was not identified.<br /><br /> Cumulative traumatic events may lead to increases in a sense of personal growth, while also increasing distress, in nonclinical adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br />Cumulative traumatic events may lead to increases in a sense of personal growth, while also increasing distress, in nonclinical adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br /> Stressors and worries related to the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to the onset and exacerbation of psychological symptoms such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Using a microlongitudinal framework, we uniquely investigated bidirectional associations between daily-level PTSD symptoms and COVID-19 worries.<br /><br /> Data from 42 trauma-exposed university students (<br /><br /> <br /><br /> = 22.67 ± 5.02, 86.7% female) were collected between March and August 2020. Participants completed daily surveys for 10 days to assess PTSD symptom severity and COVID-19 worries. Multilevel regression was conducted to examine both lagged and simultaneous models of daily person-centered mean PTSD symptom severity predicting COVID-19 worries, and vice-versa.<br /><br /> Days with greater COVID-19 worries were associated with greater same-day (<br /><br /> = .53, <br /><br /> = .19, <br /><br /> = .006) and next-day (<br /><br /> = .65, <br /><br /> = .21, <br /><br /> = .003) PTSD symptom severity. Additionally, days with greater PTSD symptom severity were associated with greater same-day COVID-19 worries (<br /><br /> = .06, <br /><br /> = .02, <br /><br /> = .006).<br /><br /> COVID-19 worries may influence same-day and next-day PTSD symptoms, and PTSD symptoms may influence same day COVID-19 worries. Findings substantiate the interplay between ongoing stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic and posttrauma symptoms and support therapeutically targeting COVID-19 stress in PTSD treatments to potentially impact posttrauma symptoms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<br /><br />COVID-19 worries may influence same-day and next-day PTSD symptoms, and PTSD symptoms may influence same day COVID-19 worries. Findings substantiate the interplay between ongoing stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic and posttrauma symptoms and support therapeutically targeting COVID-19 stress in PTSD treatments to potentially impact posttrauma symptoms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Relative to heterosexual peers, sexual minority youth experience significant mental health disparities. This is partly due to prejudicial encounters (e.g., discrimination, victimization) because of their sexual minority status, and potential intersecting and compounding prejudicial experiences related to their ethnic minority status. However, even though religiosity has been identified as a protective factor in the general literature and may be especially relevant for youth in Latinx families, few studies have examined whether religiosity serves as a buffer of the relations between discrimination-related stress and mental health in sexual minority Latinx youth. Thus, the aims were to examine (a) whether ethnic and sexuality discrimination have additive or multiplicative effects on depressive symptoms, and (b) whether own or family religiosity (defined by religious importance and attendance) moderates the relations between discrimination and depressive symptoms. Sample included 377 youth (Mage = 20.29, SD = 2.