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However, the change in the proportion of REM sleep during the night is considered as a leading factor in the pathogenesis of ADHD manifestations. Various variants of metabolic disorders of melatonin, dopamine, serotonin, aggravated by social jet lag, are considered by the conjugatedcommon pathogenetic mechanisms of sleep disturbance and ADHD. As well as changes in the concentration of iron and ferritin in the blood, which may explain the frequency of RLS and PLMS in children with ADHD. The change in the number of sleep cycles during the night in patients has been demonstrated. Possible strategies for correcting sleep disorders in children with ADHD and their impact on the manifestation of ADHD are discussed.<br /><br /> To study the prevalence of anxiety-depressive disorders and sleep disorders in their structure among patients hospitalized in connection with COVID-19, as well as to develop differentiated recommendations for their therapy in patients with new coronavirus infection.<br /><br /> In this publication, the authors present preliminary results of their own observations of psychoemotional disorders and sleep disorders in their structure in patients with a new coronavirus infection. We analyzed the data of 119 patients (aged 47 to 69 years, male and female), conducted a detailed interview, including using telemedicine technologies, and assessed the scales The hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), subjective the asthenia rating scale (MFI-20, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire.<br /><br /> According to the results of the HADS questionnaire, clinically pronounced anxiety-depressive symptoms were observed in 33 (28%) patients of 119 hospitalized in connection with the dolations identified.<br /><br />According to the results of the study, it was noted that in most patients with COVID-19, along with a depressive symptom complex, anxiety and hypochondriacal disorders, an asthenic symptom complex, sleep disturbances with difficulty falling asleep, and dissatisfaction with the quality of sleep are recorded. Differentiated recommendations for the treatment of the studied conditions have been developed, taking into account the side effects of the prescribed drugs, drug interactions and the characteristics of the somatic status of patients. The choice of the drug should be based on the severity of the violations identified.Approximately 30% insomnia patients have associated somatic, neurological and psychiatric conditions. Clinician has to define causality of these conditions to determine a treatment plan. Secondary insomnia can result from the symptoms of a primary condition or form an impairment of central nervous system due to neurological disorder. Some associated conditions are characterized by high coincidence with insomnia, similar triggers and crossing genotype, neurophysiological and functional findings. This association with insomnia is observed in anxiety disorders, depression, chronic pain syndromes. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/grl0617.html read more] The paper presents a concept of comorbid insomnia disorder which proposes the existence of a common neural structure which when affected causes the symptoms of both insomnia and comorbid disorder. Comorbid disorders can also be interconnected due to the overlap of the responsible nerve centers. Positive effect of specific pharmacological, psychotherapeutical and behavioral treatment on both conditions evidences this concept.Cognitive-behavior therapy of insomnia (CBT-I) is first-line treatment for insomnia, but it produces a clinical significant result only in 60-80% of patients. Addition reason of reduction of CBT-I efficacy is a relatively low adherence the attrition rate is 10-39%. The authors discuss options to enhance efficacy of the therapy by usage of complex approach, individualized choice of technics, motivating a patient and his relatives, and combination of CBT-I with hypnotics.<br /><br /> To test hypothesis that music embedded with binaural beats can boost activity of parasympathetic part of autonomic nervous system (PPANS) with the development of nap.<br /><br /> The power of high-frequency component of heart rate variability spectrum computed on successive 2-minute intervals during 20-minute nap was a comparison criterion. The criterion was compared during nap accompanied by music with embedded binaural beats (stimulus condition) and nap in silence (control condition).<br /><br /> Statistical comparison revealed the increase of PPANS activity during nap in stimulus condition vs. control condition. It is consistent with conclusions of other papers about positive effect of sound stimuli embedded with binaural beats on PPANS.<br /><br />Statistical comparison revealed the increase of PPANS activity during nap in stimulus condition vs. control condition. It is consistent with conclusions of other papers about positive effect of sound stimuli embedded with binaural beats on PPANS.<br /><br /> To reveal psychological (anxiety, coping with pandemic stress, autonomy) and behavioral (compliance with recommendations, monitoring information) factors associated with complaints of sleep and daytime functioning disturbances during the lockdown period in the spring of 2020.<br /><br /> Two hundred and three adults (106 men and 97 women), aged 18 to 59 years, participated in the study. Participants filled the questionnaires 1-2 weeks after the start of the lockdown and 3-4 weeks after the first measurement.<br /><br /> Complaints of sleep and daytime functioning difficulties during the period of self-isolation are common in 19-30% and depend not so much on the level and content of anxiety, but on its dysfunctional level that interferes with everyday activities (β=0.17-0.27, <br /><br /> &lt;0.05, ΔR<br /><br /> =2.8-7.4%). Complaints of sleep are more often comorbid with complaints of pain (<br /><br /> =0.43) than with complaints of affective symptoms (<br /><br /> =0.33), and complaints of poor daytime functioning are more common among younger people and students (F=laints of poor daytime functioning are more common among younger people and students (F=3.48, p less then 0.05, η2=0.05); 14.8-24.6% report improvement in sleep and daytime functioning during lockdown. Regardless of the presence of anxiety, more frequent monitoring of information about the coronavirus is associated with complaints of sleep (β=0.15, p less then 0.05, ΔR2=2.0%), while general negative emotions- with complaints of daytime functioning and affective symptoms (β=0.19-0.22, p less then 0.01, ΔR2=3.4-4.1%). Complaints of sleep and daytime functioning in a pandemic are more typical for people who tend to control themselves for extrinsic goals (β=0.17, p less then 0.05, ΔR2=2.1-2.8%).