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It works as an escaping scheme from local optima aiming to improve the global searchability of the combined heuristic. Case studies using the 3-Opt and the Lin-Kernighan local search as the heuristic solver show that the resultant algorithms significantly outperform their counterparts and two other smoothing-based TSP heuristic solvers on most of the test instances with up to 20,000 cities.This article investigates the consensus problem of general linear multiagent systems under directed communication graphs with event-triggered mechanisms. First, a novel distributed static event-triggered mechanism with a state-dependent threshold is proposed to solve the consensus problem, both with a positive lower bound on the average time interval of the communication among agents and updates of controllers. Thus, the Zeno behavior is excluded for communication among agents and controller updates. Next, to further reduce the frequencies of communication among agents and updates of controllers, a distributed dynamic event-triggered mechanism is introduced. By applying the static and dynamic mechanisms, the problem can be addressed with the reduced use of system resources compared with that in most existing control algorithms. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of the results.This article investigates the input-to-state stability (ISS) of continuous-time networked control systems with model uncertainty and bounded noise based on event triggering. The feedback loop is closed over an unreliable digital communication network. Feedback packets suffer from network delay and may be dropped in an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) way, which may harm to the concerned stability. This article focuses on a Lyapunov-based event-triggered control design scheme with the consideration of i.i.d. packet dropouts. By designing a state-dependent event-triggering threshold and updating methods, it can still ensure ISS for the concerned multidimensional system in the presence of i.i.d. packet dropouts and model uncertainty without exhibiting the Zeno behavior. Simulations are done to verify the effectiveness of the achieved results.This article considers the bearing-only formation control problem, where the control of each agent only relies on relative bearings of their neighbors. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mlt-748.html read more] A new control law is proposed to achieve target formations in finite time. Different from the existing results, the control law is based on a time-varying scaling gain. Hence, the convergence time can be arbitrarily chosen by users, and the derivative of the control input is continuous. Furthermore, sufficient conditions are given to guarantee almost global convergence and interagent collision avoidance. Then, a leader-follower control structure is proposed to achieve global convergence. By exploring the properties of the bearing Laplacian matrix, the collision avoidance and smooth control input are preserved. A multirobot hardware platform is designed to validate the theoretical results. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our design.This article investigates the issue of the fuzzy observer design for the semilinear parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) systems with mobile sensing measurements. Initially, we employ a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy PDE model to represent the semilinear parabolic PDE system accurately in a local region. Afterward, via the T-S fuzzy model and under the hypothesis that the spatial domain is divided by several subdomains in the light of the number of sensors, a state observation scheme which contains a fuzzy observer and the mobile sensor guidance is proposed. Then, by means of the Lyapunov direct method and integral inequalities, a design method of the fuzzy observer and mobile sensor guidance is provided to render the resulting state estimation error system exponentially stable, while the designed mobile sensor guidance can increase the exponential decay rate. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to show that the proposed fuzzy observer design approach is effective and the employment of mobile sensors contributes to improving the response speed of the state estimation error in comparison with the static ones.Domain adaptation utilizes learned knowledge from an existing domain (source domain) to improve the classification performance of another related, but not identical, domain (target domain). Most existing domain adaptation methods first perform domain alignment, then apply standard classification algorithms. Transfer classifier induction is an emerging domain adaptation approach that incorporates the domain alignment into the process of building an adaptive classifier instead of using a standard classifier. Although transfer classifier induction approaches have achieved promising performance, they are mainly gradient-based approaches which can be trapped at local optima. In this article, we propose a transfer classifier induction algorithm based on evolutionary computation to address the above limitation. Specifically, a novel representation of the transfer classifier is proposed which has much lower dimensionality than the standard representation in existing transfer classifier induction approaches. We also propose a hybrid process to optimize two essential objectives in domain adaptation 1) the manifold consistency and 2) the domain difference. Particularly, the manifold consistency is used in the main fitness function of the evolutionary search to preserve the intrinsic manifold structure of the data. The domain difference is reduced via a gradient-based local search applied to the top individuals generated by the evolutionary search. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve better performance than seven state-of-the-art traditional domain adaptation algorithms and four state-of-the-art deep domain adaptation algorithms.Concepts have been adopted in concept-cognitive learning (CCL) and conceptual clustering for concept classification and concept discovery. However, the standard CCL algorithms are incapable of tackling continuous data directly, and some standard conceptual clustering methods mainly focus on the attribute information, ignoring the object information that is also important to improve clustering analysis and concept classification ability. Therefore, in this article, we present a novel concept learning method, called the fuzzy-based concept learning model (FCLM), to address these two issues by exploiting concept hierarchical relations in concept lattices. More specifically, we first show some new related notions for FCLM based on a regular fuzzy formal decision context; among these notions, the object-oriented and attribute-oriented fuzzy concept similarities are used to achieve the concept similarity measure in concept lattices. Moreover, a novel fuzzy concept learning framework is designed, and its corresponding learning algorithms are developed.