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MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with synthetic nc-RNAs. Expression profiling of MSLN, miR-182 and MALAT-1 showed a dramatic over-expression in BC samples. MiR-182 ectopic expression and MALAT-1 silencing increased MSLN and PIG-C transcript levels. However, miR-182 inhibition and miR-182/si-MALAT-1 co-transfection lowered MSLN and PIG-C levels. Finally, si-PIG-C decreased MSLN and PIG-C levels. To conclude, our investigation unravels a new axis in TNBC, where miR-182 can manipulate MSLN and PIG-C. Meanwhile, MALAT-1 is the culprit lncRNA in this novel axis, possibly a sponge for miR-182. Altogether, this sheds light on new targets for BC immune-therapy.Breast cancer is a globally widespread disease whose detection has already been significantly improved by the introduction of screening programs. Nevertheless, mammography suffers from low soft tissue contrast and the superposition of diagnostically relevant anatomical structures as well as from low values for sensitivity and specificity especially for dense breast tissue. In recent years, two techniques for X-ray breast imaging have been developed that bring advances for the early detection of breast cancer. Grating-based phase-contrast mammography is a new imaging technique that is able to provide three image modalities simultaneously (absorption-contrast, phase-contrast and dark-field signal). Thus, an enhanced detection and delineation of cancerous structures in the phase-contrast image and an improved visualization and characterization of microcalcifications in the dark-field image is possible. Furthermore, latest studies about this approach show that dose-compatible imaging with polychromatic X-ray sources is feasible. In order to additionally overcome the limitations of projection-based imaging, efforts were also made towards the development of breast computed tomography (BCT), which recently led to the first clinical installation of an absorption-based BCT system. Further research combining the benefits of both imaging technologies is currently in progress. This review article summarizes the latest advances in phase-contrast imaging for the female breast (projection-based and three-dimensional view) with special focus on possible clinical implementations in the future.<br /><br /> To study the relationship of the 3rd segment of the vertebral artery to the posterior arch of the atlas in patients with occipitalized atlas, using CT angiography.<br /><br /> A retrospective study of 25 cases with complete or partially occipitalized atlas who underwent CT angiography evaluation. Fifty vertebral arteries were analyzed in relation to the respective/related half of the posterior arch of the atlas.<br /><br /> Out of 50 vertebral arteries, 35 (70%) were anomalous; 31 (62%) traversed though bony canal between the fused occiput and atlas, and 4 (8%) coursed between C1 and C2 (C2 segmental type of vertebral artery). Except one, all anomalous vertebral arteries were associated with a fused corresponding side of posterior arch of atlas.<br /><br /> The V3 portion of the vertebral artery assumes an anomalous course at the craniovertebral junction in most cases of occipitalized atlas, and this is strongly determined by the fusion status of the posterior arch of the atlas. #link# Aberrations in its course are still seen despite expectations based on this fusion status. Preprocedural CT Angiography provides accurate information of its course to prevent iatrogenic VA injuries.<br /><br /> CT Angiography should be performed before any procedures at the craniovertebral junction in cases of occipitalized atlas to prevent iatrogenic, potentially catastrophic injuries to vertebral artery due to its anomalous course in most of these cases. There are very few such studies in the literature, none in radiology literature. We also describe some rare cases, including a case never described in any literature.<br /><br />CT Angiography should be performed before any procedures at the craniovertebral junction in cases of occipitalized atlas to prevent iatrogenic, potentially catastrophic injuries to vertebral artery due to its anomalous course in most of these cases. There are very few such studies in the literature, none in radiology literature. We also describe some rare cases, including a case never described in any literature.<br /><br /> To assess arterial spin-labeling (ASL) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and in combination for differentiating between idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (IOIP) and orbital lymphoma.<br /><br /> A retrospective study was done on 37 untreated patients with orbital masses, suspected to be IOIP or orbital lymphoma that underwent ASL and DWI of the orbit. Quantitative measurement of tumor blood flow (TBF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the orbital lesion was done.<br /><br /> There was a significant difference (P=0.001) in TBF between patients with IOIP (n=21) (38.1±6.2, 40.3±7.1ml/100g/min) and orbital lymphoma (n=16) (55.5±7.1, 56.8±7.9ml/100g/min) for both observers respectively. Thresholds of TBF used for differentiating IOIP from orbital lymphoma were 48, 46ml/100g/min revealed area under the curve (AUC) of (0.958 and 0.921), and accuracy of (86% and 83%) for both observers respectively. There was a significant difference (P=0.001) in ADC between patients with IOIP (1.04±0.19, 1.12±0.23×10<br /><br /> mm<br /><br /> /s) and orbital lymphoma (0.69±0.10, 0.72±0.11×10<br /><br /> mm<br /><br /> /s) for both observers respectively. Thresholds of ADC used for differentiating IOIP from orbital lymphoma were 0.84 and 0.86×10<br /><br /> mm<br /><br /> /s with AUC of (0.933 and 0.920), and accuracy of 89% and 90% for both observers respectively. The combined TBF and ADC used for differentiating IOIP from orbital lymphoma had AUC of (0.973 and 0.970) and accuracy of (91% and 89%) for both observers respectively.<br /><br /> TBF and ADC alone and in combination are useful for differentiating IOIP from orbital lymphoma.<br /><br />TBF and ADC alone and in combination are useful for differentiating IOIP from orbital lymphoma.<br /><br /> Meta-analyses provide high-level evidence and understanding their trends may provide understanding of the field as a whole. Bibliometric analysis was undertaken to understand research trends in a particular field or subfield and to assess citation as a measure of impact.<br /><br /> [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gw-441756.html Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor] categorised as "Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &amp; Medical Imaging" under the Web of Science subject category were included. After analyzing impact factors of the journals in up to 2018, the top five journals were identified. The retrieved results were ordered by citation count based on Web of Science and Scopus. Specific parameters regarding the title, journal, publication year, authors, country of origin, institution and university, field of study and funding sources were analyzed.<br /><br /> A total of 139 articles were identified. The mean number of citations per article was 25.3 and 22.6 in Scopus and Web of Science respectively, with four articles receiving 100 or more citations. European Radiology had the greatest number of top cited articles (n=68; 49%).