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The factors associated with dissatisfaction are fear of losing job (2.19 ± 0.88), switch job (2.20 ± 0.77) and health condition (2.09 ± 0.89). Factors associated with satisfaction are positive attitude of doctor (2.91 ± 0.60), doctor consider respectful job holder (2.91 ± 0.61), enjoy work (3.01 ± 0.65), job by choice (3.12 ± 0.67) and progress in job (3.00 ± 0.74).<br /><br /> It was concluded that the respondents were dissatisfied due to number of issues including disturbance in their personal life, lack of promotion and incentives among study participants.<br /><br />It was concluded that the respondents were dissatisfied due to number of issues including disturbance in their personal life, lack of promotion and incentives among study participants.<br /><br /> MCQ's and SEQ's are the most widely used assessment tool in dental colleges across Pakistan. This study explores the impact of assessment tool MCQ's and SEQ's on learning approach of dental students and also identifies correlation between these assessment tools and deep &amp; surface learning approaches in integrated and discipline based curriculum.<br /><br /> A quantitative co-relational study was conducted in 2018 on 2nd and 4th year dental students. A pre-validated "Revised Study Process Questionnaire" was used. Spearman's rho correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon signed ranks test were applied to determine the relationship between learning approaches and assessment tools. Internal consistency was calculated by Cronbach's alpha.<br /><br /> Ninety six students out of one hundred and fifty completed the questionnaire. Correlation test showed that surface approach correlates significantly with MCQ's (0.73) while no co-relation exists with SEQ's (-0.14) in our study. Deep approach has a strong and significant correlation with SEQ's (0.80) as compared to MCQ's (0.056).<br /><br /> Assessment tool has an impact on learning approaches used by the students. It was concluded that students used to prefer deep learning approach while preparing for SEQ's as they were designed at higher cognitive level, whereas, they preferred surface approach while preparing for MCQ's as they were developed at low cognitive order.<br /><br />Assessment tool has an impact on learning approaches used by the students. It was concluded that students used to prefer deep learning approach while preparing for SEQ's as they were designed at higher cognitive level, whereas, they preferred surface approach while preparing for MCQ's as they were developed at low cognitive order.<br /><br /> Umbilical cord blood which can be obtained by a non-invasive method can be informative about the clinical status of the newborn. It was aimed to establish reference intervals for umbilical cord blood parameters, and to compare complete blood count results between umbilical cord and venous blood samples in this study.<br /><br /> This study was conducted at Medipol University Sefaköy Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 1898 newborns who were born in a two-year period between January 2018 and December 2019 were included in the study. Venous blood samples were taken from 184 of them, and umbilical cord blood samples were taken from 1714 newborns.<br /><br /> The percentiles were determined according to gender and delivery method for the hematological parameters of umbilical cord blood. While mean platelet, eosinophil and mean corpuscular volume values were similar between the groups (p&gt;0.05 for each), and significant differences were found between the groups in terms of all other mean hematological parameters (p&lt;0.05 for each).<br /><br /> The results of the complete blood count of umbilical cord blood samples can provide reliable information about the newborn. There are significant differences between umbilical cord and venous blood samples in terms of hematological parameters. For these reasons, it is necessary to determine reliable value ranges for umbilical cord blood hematological parameters in newborns. Data of our study can be a guide for further studies and clinicians.<br /><br />The results of the complete blood count of umbilical cord blood samples can provide reliable information about the newborn. There are significant differences between umbilical cord and venous blood samples in terms of hematological parameters. For these reasons, it is necessary to determine reliable value ranges for umbilical cord blood hematological parameters in newborns. Data of our study can be a guide for further studies and clinicians.<br /><br /> To derive Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from CD3<br /><br /> T cells of DMD patients using episomal reprogramming and characterization of these DMD-iPSCs using immunofluorescence to confirm their pluripotent state.<br /><br /> DMD patients were selected based upon their clinical history and examination. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood of DMD patients (n=3) by density gradient centrifugation and were used to generate DMD patient specific T cells (DMD-T cells) using rhIL-2, plate bound anti CD3 antibody and T cell specific media along with specific culture conditions that promote T cell expansion. CD3<br /><br /> T cells were characterized by flow cytometry and reprogrammed using episomal plasmid to generate DMD-iPSCs. These DMD-iPSCs were characterized using immunofluorescence. The study was carried out at Dow Research Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences during August 2017- July 2018 for a period of approximately 12 months.<br /><br /> The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) derived T cells appeared as suspended cell clumps morphologically were positive for the expression of CD3 and negative for CD31. The DMD patient specific iPSCs appeared as round, compact and flat colonies with well-defined edges morphologically and were positive for the expression of pluripotency markers OCT4, SSEA-4 and TRA-1-81 on immunofluorescence.<br /><br /> CD3<br /><br /> T cell derived DMD-iPSCs were obtained under feeder free and xeno-free culture conditions using episomal reprogramming.<br /><br />CD3+ T cell derived DMD-iPSCs were obtained under feeder free and xeno-free culture conditions using episomal reprogramming.<br /><br /> To evaluate the outcomes of secondary autologous dermis-fat graft as an orbital implant in anophthalmic sockets.<br /><br /> In this prospective study, which was conducted at Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi, between January 2015 and January 2020, we evaluated 12 patients between the ages of four and 60 years. Most of the adults were victims of trauma, whereas children were known cases of retinoblastoma or trauma and all underwent enucleation. [https://www.selleckchem.com/peptide/adh-1.html ADH-1] All of them were primarily treated elsewhere and not offered primary orbital implants. We performed autologous dermis-fat graft as an orbital implant in these patients harvesting graft from gluteal region and followed them up to look for complications.<br /><br /> Out of 12 patients two went into failure, while rest of the patients showed successful outcome. All patients underwent successful surgery. Initially, a silicon conformer was placed, which was later on replaced with artificial prosthetic eye.<br /><br /> Regardless of the small sample size, this procedure proved to be a safe and effective method for augmenting orbital volume in anophthalmic sockets in children and adults.